In Spain, there are three powers: the legislative, executive, and judicial powers. The legislative power makes laws through the Parliament, which consists of the Congress of Deputies and Senate. The executive power executes laws through the government led by the President and ministers. The judicial power ensures laws are obeyed through courts and judges who can impose punishments if laws are broken.

1. The Three Powers
in Spain

2. Once the Constitution had been
approved, it had to be put into practice.
In Spain, there are
three powers:
Legislative
Executive
Judicial

3. 1. Legislative (from Latin lex-legis: ley). It
makes the laws.
2. Executive Power. It executes the law,
puts the law into practice.
3. Judicial Power. It judges if the laws are
obeyed.

4. 1. LEGISLATIVE POWER
People vote for politicians that shoud represent them.
They are in the Parliament (Cortes Generales).
The politicians are divided into:
Deputies (Diputados) Senators (Senadores)

5. DEPUTIES

6. SENATORS

7. The Parliament is divided into two
chambers (buildings):
Congress of Deputies:
- Deputies work there.
Deputies have been voted
by people.
- They can approve or
reject a law.

8. Senate (Senado):
- Senators work there. Senators have been
voted by people.
- They can approve but they cannot reject
a law.

9. The process of making a law

10. The party with more votes makes the law. They can be
helped by other parties.
a. If the Deputies approve the
law, it goes to the Senate.
Senators approve the law.
The law is put into practice
by the Executive Power.
b. If the Deputies reject the
law:
The law comes back to the
political party that made it. The
law is changed or redone.

11. 2. EXECUTIVE POWER
a. The political party with more votes forms the
Government.
b. The head of the Government is the President.
c. The President chooses the ministers that will put into
practice what the Deputies and Senators have approved.

12. As February, 2020 the President
is Pedro Sánchez.
Ministers work for
different areas. These
areas are called
ministries. As February,
2020, some of the
ministers are the
following:

13. Ministry of Health
Salvador Illa
Ministry of Defence
Margarita Robles

14. Ministry of Education Ministry of Social Security
Isabel Celaá José Luis Escrivá

15. Ministry of Economy Ministry of Agriculture
Nadia Calviño Luis Planas

16. Ministry of Interior
José Luis ÁbalosFernando Grande Marlaska
Ministry of Transport

17. Ministry of Work
Pedro Duque
Yolanda Díaz
Ministry of Science

18. 3. JUDICIAL POWER
It is made of courts . Judges work here and
they ensure that laws are obeyed.

19. If laws are not obeyed,
judges can execute (put into
practice) some punishments,
such as:
- Fines
- Prison
- Other (withdraw
custody,withdraw driving
license, etc.)

20. There are two special courts:
The Supreme Court
It can approve or reject
sentences from other
courts.
The Constitutional Court
It can decide if laws are
following the Constitution.