7% of communication we do is Verbal. Rest 93% is Non-Verbal communication. The attached slidedeck is a summary of my readings from multiple sources.

1. Non-Verbal Communication
Subhendu Pattnaik

2. It’s what you do NOT say, Counts!
It’s what you do NOT say, Counts!
It’s what you do NOT say, Counts!
Seriously!

3. Power of Non-Verbal Messaging
Research shows that whenVerbal & Non-Verbal messages contradict each other, it’s
the non-verbal message that people believe.
Types of Non-Verbal Communication
• Body Communication
• Facial Communication
• Eye Communication
• Touch Communication
• Paralanguage & Silence
• Spatial Messages
• Temporal Communication

4. Body Communication
• Body Gestures or Movements
• Emblems
• Illustrators
• Affect Displays
• Regulators
• Adaptors
• Body Appearance
Emblems

5. • Expresses 10 Emotions – Happiness, Surprise, Fear, Anger, Sadness, Disgust,
Contempt, Interest, Bewilderment and Determination.
• Same Facial Expression in different contexts can be interpreted differently. Smiling
face against a sad face vs Smiling face against angry face.
• Facial Management techniques help you to display emotions in a socially
acceptable way. Although deceptive, they are socially expected.
Hiding emotions when you win while your best friend loses.
• Facial Feedback – People who feel and express emotions more are more
emotionally aroused than people who feel but do not express their emotions.
Facial Communication

6. Eye Communication
Average length of gaze is about 3 seconds. More than that is staring. Less than that is disinterest.
Cultural connotations exist. USVs Japan
• Eye Contact
• Studies show listeners gaze at speakers more than speakers gaze at listeners. Feels awkward when this reverses.
• Visual Dominance –You increase gaze and gaze intently at listeners when making an important point
• Regulates or Controls Conversation – by letting other person know when she can speak.
• Signals nature of relationship – you increase eye-contact when you like someone.
• Signals status and aggression – Longer eye contact between strangers mostly turn hostile.
• Visual Dominance –You assert your position using this.
• Eye Avoidance (Civil Inattention or Lack of Interest) –You look away when couples get close in public
• Pupil Dilation – Larger dilated pupils are indicative of person’s positive interest, thus appear beautiful.

7. Touch Communication (Haptics)
Touch may communicative 5 major meanings.
• Positive Emotions – Support, Appreciation, Inclusion, Sexual Interest, Affection
• Playfulness – lightens an interaction
• Control behaviours of others – Hurry up, Do it, Move here.
• Ritualistic – Greetings and Departures etc.
• Task-Related – Removing dust from someone’s face, checking forehead for fever
• Touch Avoidance – Those who fear oral communication show high degree of touch avoidance. Older People too.
• Gender & Cultural Differences – Ex: Females & Korea

8. Paralanguage Communication
Paralanguage is vocal but non-verbal dimension of speech. It refers to the way in which you say words –
• Volume
• Pitch
• Speaking rate
• Voice quality
• People who talk fast are more persuasive and are evaluated more highly than those who talk at or below normal
speeds.
• Rapid Speech rate is more persuasive or not depends on whether speaker is speaking in favor of you or against
you.
• She’s giving this money to me.
• Meaning: SHE is the one giving the money, nobody else.
• She’s giving this money to me.
• Meaning: She is GIVING, not lending.
• She’s giving this money to me.
• Meaning: MONEY is being exchanged, not anything else.
• She’s giving this money to me.
• Meaning: I am getting the money, nobody else.

9. Silence Communication
Silence serves important communication function.
• Allows time to speaker to think
• Prepares the receiver for the importance of future messages
• Used as a response to personal anxiety, shyness or threats
• Used to prevent communication
• Used to communicate emotional responses
• Used to achieve specific effects – Prolonged silence gives sense of authority; Nothing to Say

10. Spatial Messages (Proxemics)
• Proxemic Distances – Intimate vs Personal vs Social vs Public (Measured in Inches and Feet)
• Theories about Space
• Protection Theory
• Equilibrium Theory
• Expectancy Violation Theory (Cultural Expected Distance)
• Territoriality – Primary (Home Field Advantage) vs Secondary (These don’t belong to you but you are
associated with them) vs Public Territories (Movie hall etc)
• Territory Markers – Central Markers (Handkerchief in bus) vs Boundary Markers ( Fence in the grocery line)
vs Ear Markers (Dorm room posters)
• Space Decoration – Aesthetic conditions of a room influences the judgements people made in it.
• Color Communication – Colors affect us physiologically – Respiration increases in red and soothes in blue.
• Scent – Olfactory Communication – Communicates attraction, Taste, Memory and Identification.

11. Temporal Communication
PsychologicalTime –This refers to the importance place on the past,
present or future.
• Past Orientation – You relive memories and past.
• Present Orientation – You engage in work today because they are happening now.
• Future Orientation – Save Today, work hard for future.

12. Thank you
Subhendu Pattnaik
Email: subhendu@contentvitamin.com
Twitter: https://twitter.com/SubhenduPatnaik