1. What is FIRST AID ?
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2. FIRST AID IS….
A matter of Common Sense
Application of mind
Swift Response
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3. DEFINITION
First AID is the help given to a person in case of SUDDEN
INJURY or SICKNESS so that the INJURY/SICKNESS
does not AGGRAVATE FURTHER and due to swift action
further DETERIORATION is checked, same condition is
maintained & recovery promoted till the arrival of Medical
Help.
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4. SCOPE OF FIRST AID
From the definition four things are apparent :
PREVENT further deterioration
PRESERVE in the same condition
PROMOTE recovery
To arrange for regular Medical AID
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5. METHOD OF FIRST AID
Diagnosis
Treatment
Disposal
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6. PRIORITIES OF FIRST AID
Check Breathing
Check Blood loss
Treat Shock
Treat Fracture
Look For Simple Injuries
Disposal
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7. CHECK BREATHING
Can Hear It
Can Feel It
Can Observe It
(Normal Person Breathes 15-18 Times In One Minute)
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8. ARTIFICIAL RESPIRATION
Mouth To Mouth
Mouth To Nose
@ 10 Breaths Per Minute
&
Check Pulse
Give 2 ventilations if there is no breathing
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9. CHEST COMPRESSION
(Give 30 Compression if there is no Circulation)
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10. RECOVERY POSITION
(In case of unconscious casualty)
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11. FRACTURE
Any Breaking, Bending, Dislocation or Cracking
of Bone is called Fracture.
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12. FRACTURE : SIGNS & SYMPTOMS
Pain
Swelling
Tenderness
Loss of Power
Deformity
Unnatural Movement
Irregularity
Crapitus
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13. FRACTURE TREATMENT
Make The Patient Comfortable
Prevent Any Movement
Check Bleeding
Treat for Shock
Immobilize the Limb
Give Support
Transportation.
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14. WOUNDS
Any cut in the outer surface of the body is a
wound or impairment in the blood vessels.
Wounds are of two types:
OPEN
CLOSED (mostly head injuries)
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15. WOUNDS
TREATMENT
LAYDOWN THE PATIENT OR ASK HIM TO SIT
DOWN
LIFT THE LIMB IF POSSIBLE
APPLY PRESSURE – ON THE WOUND
- ON PRESSURE POINT
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16. WOUNDS
TREATMENT
In the case of INTERNAL BLEEDING:
APPLY COLD FORMULATIONS
APPLY TOURNIQUET (All precautions)
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17. BURNS & SCALDS
Burn is an injury to the body by excessive heat or excessive
cold.
Burns : Dry Heat (fire, flame, metal, sun, electricity etc
and friction
Scalds : Moist Heat (steam, boiling water, milk, tea, oil etc)
Chemical
Burns : Acids : H SO , Nitric Acid, Hcl
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Alkalis : Caustic Soda, Potash, Ammonia or
quick lime
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Gases : Liquid O or Nitrogen
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18. BURNS & SCALDS
MANAGEMENT
Reassure the patient
Clean wrap the wound
Cover the wound
Wash with fresh water
Keep the patient warm
Keep hands above the heart & feet elevated
Keep the face prop & observe continuously
Cold pack may also be applied (not excessive cold)
Do not remove clothing
Do not break blisters
Treat for shock
Move quickly to hospital
Remove ring, watch, bangles, belt & boots
Can give weak soda & salt solution if patient is conscious
and not vomiting. 18

19. BURNS & SCALDS
FOR MINOR BURNS
Clean the Area
Submerge in water
Give soda & salt solution
Cover Dry
Warm drinks
Wash well for chemical corrosive burns
Can also neutralize and dilute
Remove contaminated clothing
Wash the face/eye sideways
No rubbing of eyes
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20. POISON
Poison is any such thing which after coming into contact or
entering the body is capable of causing harm or leads to death
It can be:
Accidental or
Intentional
Can enter the Body:
Through mouth (solid or liquid)
Through skin (injection or sting etc)
Through nose (gases or toxic fumes)
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21. POISON
TREATMENT
Call the doctor immediately
Keep samples, if possible, of poison, bottle, box or vomit
If Unconscious
-Do not induce vomiting
-Keep the patient in recovery position
-Artificial respiration, if needed
If Conscious
-Give enough water to drink
-Do not induce vomiting if acid, alkali or any other chemical
is taken
-Induce vomiting in other cases
(a) By luke warm salty water
(b) By irritating tongue/throat
Give antidote if available
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Keep the patient warm

22. SIMPLE INJURY
Disinfect the wound
Wash with water
Cover with any clean thing
Don’t apply any lotion except
diluted mercurochrome Tincture
Iodine etc.
Use disinfectant sprays if available
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23. FIRST AID BOX
Large : 17 ½” x 10” x 6 ½”
Medium : 16” x 7 ¾” x 4”
Small : 5” x 3 ½” x 2 ½”
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24. FIRST AID BOX
CONTENTS
Equipment
Dressings
Medicine for Local
Application
Medicine for Oral
Application
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25. FIRST AID BOX
Equipment Dressings
Safety Pins Cotton Wool
Sterilised Dressings
Scissors Eye Pad
Pad & Pen Adhesive Plaster
Measuring Cup Roller Bandages
Torch Triangular
Bandages
Splints Gauze
Bamboo Sticks Band-aids 25
Stretch Bandage

26. FIRST AID BOX
Medicines
For Local Application For Oral Application
Savlon/Dettol Salt
Eye drops/ Sugar
Ointment
Tincture Iodine Sodamint
Tincture Benzoin Aspirin
Iodex etc. (250-350 mg.)
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27. EYE
FOREIGN OBJECTS
LOCAL INJURY
BLEEDINGS
– Internal
– External
Over exposure
Any inflammation or infection
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28. DONT’S
DO NOT RUB THE EYES
DO NOT PANIC
DO NOT USE ANY MEDICINE
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29. DO’S
KEEP CALM
REMOVE FOREIGN OBJECTS IF
POSSIBLE
GIVE COLD COMPRESS IN CASE OF
INTERNAL BLEEDING
WASH THE EYE WITH FRESH WATER
FOR
– ANY CHEMICAL BURN
– SMALL FOREIGN OBJECT
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30. TRAFFIC SIGNAL
Stop, look, listen, look again, look again.
Stop, look, listen, look again, look again.
Then cross the road with SAFETY on your brain!
Stop, look, listen, look again, look again.

31. TRAFFIC LIGHTS
STOP
READY
GO
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32. Hand Signal – Police
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33. TRAFFIC LIGHTS
(Pedestrian Go)
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34. TRAFFIC LIGHTS
(Pedestrian stop)
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35. Traffic warning signals
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