Dragon Gold Rings States Events Semantics

Semantics-Things and Events Consider the following scenario: 1 (a) *The dragon saw a gold. (b) The dragon saw some gold. (c) *The dragon saw some golds. (d) The dragon saw a heap/some heaps of gold

SYNTAX OR SEMANTICS 2 (a) The dragon saw a ring. (b) *The dragon saw some ring. (c) The dragon saw some rings. (d) The dragon saw a heap/some heaps of rings

‘gold’ and ‘ring’ are acceptable in different kinds of syntactic environment. ,[object Object],difference. ,[object Object],whereas artifacts like rings are thought of as individual items.

STATIVE PREDICATE 3 (a) Istanbul overlooks the Bosporus. (b) The child was asleep. ,[object Object],happening. ,[object Object],(a) is permanent, while it is temporary in (b). ,[object Object],they may be other expressions attached with a copula

EVENTIVE PREDICATES 3 (c) Mozart died in 1791. (d) One of the soldiers coughed. ,[object Object],events. ,[object Object],verbs.

TYPES OF STATES (1) Intrinsic properties: ,[object Object],between individuals) ,[object Object],about classes of individuals (cf. c below). (a) John is angry. (b) Mary is ugly. (c) Snakes are poisonous. (d) ?? Snakes are asleep.

TYPES OF STATES (2) Temporary phases: (a) John is asleep. (b) ?? Philosophers are angry. Compare (b) with (c). ,[object Object],(c) is better than (b) because ugly is an intrinsic property

STATIVE VS. EVENTIVE PREDICATES ,[object Object],states) are like a still photograph. ,[object Object],from one state to another

Dragon Gold Rings States Events Semantics

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Dragon Gold Rings States Events Semantics