The document outlines the role and structure of the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) in standardizing internet technologies and protocols. It describes various working groups and areas within the IETF, including communication network management technologies, operations, security, and transport protocols. Additionally, it details the process for developing and classifying standards, as well as the types of documents generated by the IETF, such as RFCs and best current practices.

1. Coursework for CNMT
European Master of Reseach on Information and
Communication Technologies
Spring semester 2010-2011
Barcelona
POLICY ADOPTED BY IETF
YATISH BATHLA,OSCAR

2. 2Communication-Network Management Technologies
INTRODUCTION
 IETF Stands for Internet Engineering Task Force
 contribute to the engineering and evolution of
Internet technologies
 forum for the betterment of future protocols,
standards and products
 basic technical standards for Internet protocols
are set and maintained
 standardize all the protocol layers in between,
from IP itself up to general applications like email
and HTTP.

3. 3Communication-Network Management Technologies
INTRODUCTION
 does not standardize specialized application layer
protocols
 does not standardize transmission hardware
 Goal: to make the Internet work better
 Area: Eight Areas together comprise to form IETF
Engineering Steering Group (IESG)
 WG: there are about 115 different WGs under
these Eight Areas

4. 4Communication-Network Management Technologies
Standard Process
 Basis : BCP 9 (RFC 2026)
 described in Best Current Practices (BCPs)
published as RFCs
 technical excellence
 prior implementation and testing
 clear, concise, and easily understood
documentation
 Openness, fairness and timeliness.

5. 5Communication-Network Management Technologies
I-DS AND RFC
 Internet-Drafts :working documents of the IETF
areas and its working groups
 no formal status, and are subject to change or
removal at any time
 Formal Documents : IETF standard is published
as an RFC ("Request for Comments“)
 every RFC starts out as an Internet-Draft and
Wait for the document to be published by the RFC
Editor

6. 6Communication-Network Management Technologies
Types Of RFC
 Proposed standards ,Draft standards ,internet
standards (full standards)
 Best current practices (BCP) documents ,
Informational documents ,Experimental protocols,
Historic documents
 first three are standards within the IETF
 sub-series of RFCs: FYIs(For Your Information),
BCPs(Best Current Practices), and
STDs(Standard Designation)

7. 7Communication-Network Management Technologies
OPERATION
 Areas: One or Two Area Directors in Each Area
and may be advised by one or more directorates
 responsible for WGs in the area are well
coordinated, that there is coverage for the
technologies needed in the area, Internet in that
area are indeed being worked on.
 WG: created to address a specific problem or to
produce one or more specific deliverables (a
guideline, standards specification, etc.).

8. 8Communication-Network Management Technologies
CLASSIFICATION OF AREAS
 Applications Area (app)
 General Area (gen)
 Internet Area (int)
 Operations and Management Area (ops)
 Real-time Applications and Infrastructure Area
 Routing Area (rtg)
 Security Area (sec)
 Transport Area (tsv)

9. 9Communication-Network Management Technologies
Applications Area
 first cluster contains application protocols which
develop application like email, HTTP, FTP
 second cluster contains protocols which are used
for Internet infrastructure like IDNA and EPP
 The third cluster contains "building block"
protocols which are designed for applications
(e.g., LDAP, MIME types, URI schemes, URNs).
 working groups: web foundations and security,
calendaring, internationalization, virtual worlds,
personal address books etc.

10. 10Communication-Network Management Technologies
General Area
 focused on supporting, updating and maintaining
the IETF standards development process
 General AD, the IETF Chair manages the General
Area Review Team (Gen-ART) and other IETF-
wide directorates.

11. 11Communication-Network Management Technologies
Internet Area
 Area include IP layer (both IPv4 and IPv6),
implications of IPv4 address depletion, co-
existence between the IP versions, DNS, DHCP,
host and router configuration, mobility,
multihoming, identifier-locator separation, VPNs
and pseudowires along with related MPLS issues,
and various link layer technologies.
 responsible for specifying how IP will run over
new link layer protocols

12. 12Communication-Network Management Technologies
Operations and Management Area
 logically divided into two separate functions:
Network Management and Operations.
 Network Management function covers Internet
management ,AAA , to identify potential or actual
management issues regarding IETF protocols
and the related protocols
 Operations function is largely responsible for
soliciting operator feedback and input regarding
IETF work. intersects most often with the Routing,
Internet and Security areas

13. 13Communication-Network Management Technologies
Real-time Applications and Infrastructure Area
 develops protocols and architectures for delay-
sensitive interpersonal communications
 Work in the RAI Area serves an industry whose
applications and services include voice and video
over IP, instant messaging, and presence
 These applications and services are "real-time" in
the sense described in RFC 3550
 The infrastructure applications needed to support
real-time interpersonal communication are also
part of the RAI Area

14. 14Communication-Network Management Technologies
Real-time Applications and Infrastructure Area
• Authority-to-Citizen Alert
•Audio/Video Transport Core Maintenance
•Audio/Video Transport Extensions
•Basic Level of Interoperability for SIP Services
•ControLling mUltiple streams for tElepresence
•Internet Wideband Audio Codec
•Call Control UUI Service for SIP
•Dispatch
•Data for Reachability of Inter/tra-NetworK SIP
•Emergency Context Resolution with Internet Technologies
•Telephone Number Mapping
•Geographic Location/Privacy
• •Multiparty Multimedia Session Control

15. 15Communication-Network Management Technologies
Real-time Applications and Infrastructure Area
• Peer-to-Peer Session Initiation Protocol
• Audio/Video Transport Payloads
• Sip ALerting for User Devices
• SIP for Instant Messaging and Presence Leveraging Extensions
• SIP Common Log Format
• Session Initiation Protocol Core
• Siprec - SIP Recording
• SIP Overload Control
• Speech Services Control
• Session PEERing for Multimedia INTerconnect
• looSely-couPLed sIp deviCES
• Verification Involving PSTN Reachability

16. 16Communication-Network Management Technologies
Routing Area
 ensuring continuous operation of the Internet
routing system by maintaining the scalability and
stability characteristics of the existing routing
protocols, as well as developing new protocols,
extensions, and bug fixes in a timely manner.
 works on Generalized MPLS used in the control
plane of optical networks as well as security
aspects of the routing system.
 developed a routing protocol (RPL) for use in low-
powered and lossy networks

17. 17Communication-Network Management Technologies
Routing Area
 Forwarding methods (such as destination-based
unicast and multicast forwarding, MPLS, and
pseudowire) and signalling protocols (OSPF, IS-
IS, BGP, RSVP-TE, L1-, L2-, and L3-VPNs)
 Interaction with the Internet Area concentrates
mainly on IP Forwarding and Multicast
 With the Operations & Management Area the
focus is on MIB development.
 With the Security area the focus is on routing
protocol security.

18. 18Communication-Network Management Technologies
Routing Area
• Bidirectional Forwarding Detection
• Common Control and Measurement Plane
• Forwarding and Control Element Separation
• Inter-Domain Routing
• IS-IS for IP Internets
• Keying and Authentication for Routing Protocols
• Layer 2 Virtual Private Networks
• Layer 3 Virtual Private Networks
• Mobile Ad-hoc Networks
• Multiprotocol Label Switching
• Open Shortest Path First IGP
• Path Computation Element

19. 19Communication-Network Management Technologies
Security Area
 home for working groups focused on security
protocols
 security services: integrity, authentication, non-
repudiation, confidentiality, and access control.
 focuses upon practical application of Security
Area protocols and technologies to the protocols
of other Areas

20. 20Communication-Network Management Technologies
Security Area
• Application Bridging for Federated Access Beyond web
• DNS-based Authentication of Named Entities
• Domain Keys Identified Mail
• EAP Method Update
• Handover Keying
• IP Security Maintenance and Extensions
• Integrated Security Model for SNMP
• Common Authentication Technology Next Generation
• Kerberos
• Long-Term Archive and Notary Services
• Multicast Security
• Network Endpoint Assessment

21. 21Communication-Network Management Technologies
Transport Area
 covers a range of technical topics related to data
transport in the Internet.
 end-to-end data transport to support Internet
applications and services that exchange
potentially large volumes of traffic at potentially
high bandwidths.
 detect and react to congestion in the Internet,
such as the congestion control algorithms in
Internet transport control protocols such as TCP,
SCTP, and DCCP

22. 22Communication-Network Management Technologies
Transport Area
 transport work includes congestion signaling and
reporting, forward error correction, multicast, QoS
and reservation signaling, storage protocols for
the Internet, peer-to-peer streaming, performance
metrics for Internet paths, experimentation with
congestion control schemes , multipath
extensions , congestion control and extensions to
the IETF protocols for multimedia transport.
 intersects most frequently with Internet area, the
applications area, the RAI area, the security area
and several IRTF research groups.

23. 23Communication-Network Management Technologies
Transport Area
• Application-Layer Traffic Optimization
• Behavior Engineering for Hindrance Avoidance
• Congestion Exposure
• Datagram Congestion Control Protocol
• Decoupled Application Data Enroute
• FEC Framework
• IP Performance Metrics
• Low Extra Delay Background Transport
• Multipath TCP
• Network File System Version 4
• Congestion and Pre-Congestion Notification
• Peer to Peer Streaming Protocol

24. Coursework for CNMT
European Master of Reseach on Information and
Communication Technologies
Spring semester 2010-2011
Barcelona
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