On International Day of Forests, countries around the world are motivated to undertake local, national, and international efforts to conduct activities for forests and trees, such as tree-planting campaigns. The United Nations Forum on Forests and the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), in collaboration with governments, the Collaborative Partnership on Forests, and other relevant organizations in the field are the organisers. International Day of Forests significance Sustainable management of forests along with the judicious use of their resources is the primary way to combating climate change and contributing to the prosperity and well-being of present and future generations. Forests have an important role to play in poverty eradication and in the achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Though plants provide us with unmeasured ecological, economic, social, and health benefits, still global deforestation continues at an alarming rate. Therefore, it becomes necessary for everyone to act in a responsible way and spread consciousness about the importance of saving Forests on global Forests Day 2021.

1. Time: 12:30 PM on March 22, 2021

3. Doubling Farmers Income
through Agroforestry Systems
Dr. Vikas Kumar,
Assistant Professor,
Department of Agroforestry,
Vivekananda Global University, Jaipur
Mo No: 8690053698
(http://forms.vgu.ac.in)

4. "Forests are also known as green pharmacies.
In developing countries, up to 80 % of all medicinal drugs are plant-
based"
More than 1 billion people depend on forest foods and 2.4 billion
people use fuelwood or charcoal to cook their daily meals – DG, FAO
The world loses more than 10 million hectares of forest - an area
about twice the size of Costa Rica.
(*QU Dongyu- DG of Food and Agriculture Organization)

5. Types of Ecosystem Restoration
 Farmlands
 Forests
 Freshwaters
 Grasslands, Shrublands and Savannahs
 Mountains
 Oceans and coasts
 Peatlands
 Urban areas

6. Background…
 Agroforestry systems (AF) have been around for thousands of
years, and are considered to be incredibly sustainable.
 Ancient agroforestry system with multiple benefits
 Evolved through generation of intense cropping in response
to population pressure (Fernandes, 1986).

7.  Agroforestry as a dynamic, ecologically based natural
resources management system that, through the integration of
trees in farmland and rangeland, diversifies and sustains
production for increased social, economic and environmental
benefits for land users at all levels
(International Centre for Research in Agroforestry (ICRAF)
 Agroforestry is a land-use system in which woody perennials
(trees, shrubs, palms, bamboos) are deliberately used on the
same land management unit as agricultural crops (woody or
not), animals or both, either in some form of spatial
arrangement or temporal sequence.

8. Comparison of different ecosystems

9. Agroforestry system

11. Agro-
Silvo-
pastoral
Forests
Crops Animal
husbandry
Classification based on nature of components & dominance of Agroforestry

13. Mahogany based Agri-Silviculture system

14. Mahogany based Intercroppng system

15. Aralu (Ailanthus) based Agro-Forestry system

16. Eucalyptus based Curry leaf intercrooping system

17. Acacia based Agro-Forestry system

18. Shisham based Intercropping system

19. Moringa based Agro-Forestry system

20. Cadamba based Intercropping system

21. Jamun based Agro-Forestry system

22. Melia based Agro-Forestry system

23. Casuarina based onion intercropping system

24. Kapok based kala chana intercropping system

25. Poplar based wheat intercropping system

26. Poplar based Agro-Forestry system

27. Vegetation composition of multilayer Agroforestry System (Homegarden)

28. Fig. Various drivers of agroforestry system changes in India
(Thomas et al., 2014)

29. Fig. Pictorial description of life cycle assessment (LCA) of short rotation coppice
(SRC), carbon balance (C) and Volatile Organic Compounds (VOC’s)

30. Multifunctional agroforestry system
 AFS to carbon sequestration
 AFS to mitigate the climate change
 AFS to enhance soil fertility & water use efficiency
 AF to biodiversity conservation
 AFS to biological pest control
 AFS to suitable land use
 AFS to shelterbelt & windbreaks
 AFS to microclimate amelioration
 AFS to breaking the poverty & food insecurity circle

31. The total forest & tree cover of the country is 80.73 m.ha. Which is
24.56 % of total geographical area of the country.
The 2.89 per cent of total geographical area under tree green cover
(FSI, 2019).
The top five states are Mizoram (85.41 percent), Arunachal Pradesh
(79.63 percent), Meghalaya (76.33 percent), Manipur (75.46
percent) and Nagaland (75.31 percent).
Among various states of Eastern India (Eastern Uttar Pradesh, Bihar,
Jharkhand, Odisha, Chhattisgarh, West Bengal and Assam),
Jharkhand has the highest area under wastelands/ degraded lands
(14.84%), followed by Assam (11.20%) and Odisha (10.69%).
Forest cover and Agroforestry system in India

32. List of traditionally grown forest tree species
Slow
growing
Neem (Azadirachta indica)
Mahua (Madhuca integrifolia)
Karanj (Pongamia pinnata)
Ziziphus mauritiana
Swietenia mahagoni
Medium
growing
Barhal (Artocarpus lakoocha)
Kala shisham
(Dalbergia latifolia)
Sagwan (Techtona grandis)
Arjun (Terminalia arjuna)
Shisham
(Dalbergia sissoo)
Fast
growing
Eucalyptus Species
Bamboo Species
Gamhar (Gmelina arborea)
Bakain (Melia azedarach)
Cottonwood (Popular spp.)
Acacia spp.

33. Drivers of changes in Agroforestry system
 Population explosion
 Agriculture intensification (tropics experiencing rapid
agricultural development since the 1970s after the
Green Revolution)
 Market pressure
 Adoption of new technologies
 Climate change
 Change of attitude of people
 Fragmentation and allied deterioration of land
(Russel, 2002)

34. National Agroforestry Policy 2014 and perspective
Honourable Prime Minister of India has given message to the
nation “Doubling farmers’ incomes by 2022”.
Experts are judging the options and strategies for achieving
this enviable target.
This National Round Table have been divided into five major
parts for increasing incomes of farmers
i.) Increasing incomes by improving productivity,
ii.) Water and agri-input policies,
iii.) Integrated farming system,
(increasing cropping intensity, Animal husbandry /livestock including goat/sheep/Duck
rearing, fisheries, Piggery, Poultry, Apiculture, mushroom cultivation, Biogas etc.)
iv.) Better market price realization,
v.) Special policy measures .

35. Moderniz
ation
Decrease of
the
tree/shrub
diversity
Concentration
of limited
number of cash
crops
Increase of
ornamental
plants Homogeniza
tion of
homegarden
structure
Increased
use of
external
inputs
The process of modernization
(Peyre et al., 2006)

36. How to revive Agroforestry systems
 This system needs to be protected, sustained and augmented for
generations to come and supportive policy framework need to
be in place.
 Enhance the quality of Agroforestry products through value
addition.
 Crop diversification for better income like incorporation of highly
demanded spices and medicinal plants.
 Efforts should be made to obtain organic certification for
agroforestry products that would fetch higher value in the
market.
 Effective recycling of resources

37. Conclusions
 Agroforestry has a critical role to play in the evergreen agriculture that not only the
food security, but also provides ecosystems services that can make human life
secure.
 AF as an important option for livelihoods improvement, climate change mitigation
and adaptation, and sustainable development of the country, research, policy and
practices will have to progress towards:
 (i) effective communication with people in order to enhance the agroforestry
practices with primacy to multifunctional values;
 (ii) maintenance of the traditional agroforestry systems and strategic creation of
new systems;
 (iii) enhancing the size and diversity of agroforestrys ystems by selectively
growing trees more useful for livelihoods improvement;
 (iv) designing context-specific silvicultural and farming systems to optimize food
production, carbon sequestration, biodiversity conservation;
 (v) strengthening the markets for non timber forest products,

38. Together WE CAN
WE WILL
&
WE SHOULD!!
THANK YOU