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Unit No.3.
DECISION SCIENCE
Presented By:
Dr. V. M. Tidake
Ph. D (Financial Management), MBA(FM), MBA(HRM) BE(Chem)
Dean, EDP & Associate Professor MBA
1
Sanjivani College of Engineering, Kopargaon
Department of MBA
www.sanjivanimba.org.in
www.sanjivanimba.org.in
302-DECISION SCIENCE
Unit No.3. Decision Theory
3.10 Case 5 Decision
Theory
Presented By:
Dr. V. M. Tidake
Ph. D (Financial Management), MBA(FM), MBA(HRM) BE(Chem)
Dean EDP & Associate Professor MBA
2
Sanjivani College of Engineering, Kopargaon
Department of MBA
www.sanjivanimba.org.in
www.sanjivanimba.org.in
DECISION THEORY
 At the End of the Session Student will be able to
understand-
A. Case 5: Decision Theory
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Case 5: Decision Theory
A Major consumer goods manufacturer, wishes to decide which of the two new
products to bring out in the market and what level of advertising to use. The profit
tables for these products are as follows (Profits are in Rs. 10,000)
The Probability Distribution of demand are-
a. Which Product and Advertising Level would you recommend?
b. What is the expected value of perfect information for each product?
Ozone Life
Demand A1 Low
Ad
A2 Med.
Ad.
A3 High
Ad.
A1 Low
Ad.
A2 Med.
Ad
A3 High
Ad.
S1 High 140 160 200 200 210 230
S2 Average 100 130 160 160 170 190
S3 Low 80 120 140 120 130 140
Si Ozone P(Si) Life P(Si)
S1 0.4 0.2
S2 0.5 0.2
S3 0.1 0.6
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Case 4: Decision Theory
Let,
N0- State that the demand is 0
N1- State that the demand is 1
N2- State that the demand is 2
N3- State that the demand is 3
And,
S0- Strategy of Stocking 0 Units
S1- Strategy of Stocking 1 Units
S2- Strategy of Stocking 2 Units
S3- Strategy of Stocking 3 Units
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Case 4: Decision Theory
STRATEGIES STATES OF NATURE/DEMAND
N0 N1 N2 N3
S0
S1
S2
S3
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Case 4: Decision Theory
STRATEGIES STATES OF NATURE/DEMAND
N0 N1 N2 N3
S0 0 80 160 240
S1 30 0 80 160
S2 60 30 0 80
S3 90 60 30 0
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Case 4: Decision Theory
STRATEGIES STATES OF NATURE/DEMAND
N0 N1 N2 N3
S0 0 -80 -160 -240
S1 -30 0 -80 -160
S2 -60 -30 0 -80
S3 -90 -60 -30 0
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Case 4: Decision Theory
a. Maximin Gain Criteria:
STRATEGIES
STATES OF NATURE/DEMAND
N0 N1 N2 N3 Min.
S0 0 -80 -160 -240 -240
S1 -30 0 -80 -160 -160
S2 -60 -30 0 -80 -80 (Maximin)
S3 -90 -60 -30 0 -90
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Case 4: Decision Theory
b. Maximax Gain Criteria:
STRATEGIES
STATES OF NATURE/DEMAND
N0 N1 N2 N3 Max
S0 0 -80 -160 -240 0 (Maximax)
S1 -30 0 -80 -160 0 (Maximax)
S2 -60 -30 0 -80 0 (Maximax)
S3 -90 -60 -30 0 0 (Maximax)
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Case 4: Decision Theory
c. Laplace Criteria:
STRATEGIES
STATES OF NATURE/DEMAND
N0 N1 N2 N3 Average Profit
S0 0 -80 -160 -240 -160
S1 -30 0 -80 -160 -90
S2 -60 -30 0 -80 -56.67 (Max)
S3 -90 -60 -30 0 -60
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Case 4: Decision Theory
d. Hurwicz Criteria:
STRATEGIES
STATES OF NATURE/DEMAND
N0 N1 N2 N3 Expected Profit
S0 0 -80 -160 -240 -96
S1 -30 0 -80 -160 -64
S2 -60 -30 0 -80 -32 (Max)
S3 -90 -60 -30 0 -36
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Case 4: Decision Theory
e. Minimax Regret Criteria:
STRATEGIES
STATES OF NATURE/DEMAND
N0 N1 N2 N3 Expected Profit
S0 0 80 160 240 240
S1 30 0 80 160 160
S2 60 30 0 80 80 (Minimax)
S3 90 60 30 0 90
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Case 4: Decision Theory
EMV Criteria:
STRATEGIES
STATES OF NATURE/DEMAND
N0
0.1
N1
0.3
N2
0.4
N3
0.2
EMV
S0 0 -80 -160 -240 -136
S1 -30 0 -80 -160 -67
S2 -60 -30 0 -80 -31 (Max)
S3 -90 -60 -30 0 -39
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EXERCISE
 State and Explain Case 4: Decision Theory.
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For More Details Contact
Dr. V M Tidake
tidkevishal@gmail.com
tidkevishalmba@sanjivani.org.in
www.sanjivanimba.org.in
Thank You

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3.10 case 5 decision theory

  • 1. www.sanjivanimba.org.in Unit No.3. DECISION SCIENCE Presented By: Dr. V. M. Tidake Ph. D (Financial Management), MBA(FM), MBA(HRM) BE(Chem) Dean, EDP & Associate Professor MBA 1 Sanjivani College of Engineering, Kopargaon Department of MBA www.sanjivanimba.org.in
  • 2. www.sanjivanimba.org.in 302-DECISION SCIENCE Unit No.3. Decision Theory 3.10 Case 5 Decision Theory Presented By: Dr. V. M. Tidake Ph. D (Financial Management), MBA(FM), MBA(HRM) BE(Chem) Dean EDP & Associate Professor MBA 2 Sanjivani College of Engineering, Kopargaon Department of MBA www.sanjivanimba.org.in
  • 3. www.sanjivanimba.org.in DECISION THEORY  At the End of the Session Student will be able to understand- A. Case 5: Decision Theory
  • 4. www.sanjivanimba.org.in Case 5: Decision Theory A Major consumer goods manufacturer, wishes to decide which of the two new products to bring out in the market and what level of advertising to use. The profit tables for these products are as follows (Profits are in Rs. 10,000) The Probability Distribution of demand are- a. Which Product and Advertising Level would you recommend? b. What is the expected value of perfect information for each product? Ozone Life Demand A1 Low Ad A2 Med. Ad. A3 High Ad. A1 Low Ad. A2 Med. Ad A3 High Ad. S1 High 140 160 200 200 210 230 S2 Average 100 130 160 160 170 190 S3 Low 80 120 140 120 130 140 Si Ozone P(Si) Life P(Si) S1 0.4 0.2 S2 0.5 0.2 S3 0.1 0.6
  • 5. www.sanjivanimba.org.in Case 4: Decision Theory Let, N0- State that the demand is 0 N1- State that the demand is 1 N2- State that the demand is 2 N3- State that the demand is 3 And, S0- Strategy of Stocking 0 Units S1- Strategy of Stocking 1 Units S2- Strategy of Stocking 2 Units S3- Strategy of Stocking 3 Units
  • 6. www.sanjivanimba.org.in Case 4: Decision Theory STRATEGIES STATES OF NATURE/DEMAND N0 N1 N2 N3 S0 S1 S2 S3
  • 7. www.sanjivanimba.org.in Case 4: Decision Theory STRATEGIES STATES OF NATURE/DEMAND N0 N1 N2 N3 S0 0 80 160 240 S1 30 0 80 160 S2 60 30 0 80 S3 90 60 30 0
  • 8. www.sanjivanimba.org.in Case 4: Decision Theory STRATEGIES STATES OF NATURE/DEMAND N0 N1 N2 N3 S0 0 -80 -160 -240 S1 -30 0 -80 -160 S2 -60 -30 0 -80 S3 -90 -60 -30 0
  • 9. www.sanjivanimba.org.in Case 4: Decision Theory a. Maximin Gain Criteria: STRATEGIES STATES OF NATURE/DEMAND N0 N1 N2 N3 Min. S0 0 -80 -160 -240 -240 S1 -30 0 -80 -160 -160 S2 -60 -30 0 -80 -80 (Maximin) S3 -90 -60 -30 0 -90
  • 10. www.sanjivanimba.org.in Case 4: Decision Theory b. Maximax Gain Criteria: STRATEGIES STATES OF NATURE/DEMAND N0 N1 N2 N3 Max S0 0 -80 -160 -240 0 (Maximax) S1 -30 0 -80 -160 0 (Maximax) S2 -60 -30 0 -80 0 (Maximax) S3 -90 -60 -30 0 0 (Maximax)
  • 11. www.sanjivanimba.org.in Case 4: Decision Theory c. Laplace Criteria: STRATEGIES STATES OF NATURE/DEMAND N0 N1 N2 N3 Average Profit S0 0 -80 -160 -240 -160 S1 -30 0 -80 -160 -90 S2 -60 -30 0 -80 -56.67 (Max) S3 -90 -60 -30 0 -60
  • 12. www.sanjivanimba.org.in Case 4: Decision Theory d. Hurwicz Criteria: STRATEGIES STATES OF NATURE/DEMAND N0 N1 N2 N3 Expected Profit S0 0 -80 -160 -240 -96 S1 -30 0 -80 -160 -64 S2 -60 -30 0 -80 -32 (Max) S3 -90 -60 -30 0 -36
  • 13. www.sanjivanimba.org.in Case 4: Decision Theory e. Minimax Regret Criteria: STRATEGIES STATES OF NATURE/DEMAND N0 N1 N2 N3 Expected Profit S0 0 80 160 240 240 S1 30 0 80 160 160 S2 60 30 0 80 80 (Minimax) S3 90 60 30 0 90
  • 14. www.sanjivanimba.org.in Case 4: Decision Theory EMV Criteria: STRATEGIES STATES OF NATURE/DEMAND N0 0.1 N1 0.3 N2 0.4 N3 0.2 EMV S0 0 -80 -160 -240 -136 S1 -30 0 -80 -160 -67 S2 -60 -30 0 -80 -31 (Max) S3 -90 -60 -30 0 -39
  • 15. www.sanjivanimba.org.in EXERCISE  State and Explain Case 4: Decision Theory.
  • 16. www.sanjivanimba.org.in For More Details Contact Dr. V M Tidake tidkevishal@gmail.com tidkevishalmba@sanjivani.org.in