A Planar Dual-Band Filter Based On The Reduced Length...

A Planar Dual-Band Filter based on the Reduced Length...
A Planar Dual–Band Filter based on the Reduced Length Parallel Coupled Lines
Seungku Lee and Yongshik Lee, Member, IEEE
Sowmya Ravichandran
Review paper summary: A Dual–Band Filter is obtained by cascading the reactively loaded parallel
coupled lines of reduced length (< 〖90〗^0).The proposed filter have same electrical performance
at both the passbands at frequencies f1 and mf1, where m is the frequency of separation between the
two passbands. A complete set of design equations are derived for arbitrary number of Filter stages
using standard filter synthesis technique. This provides simple, low cost and high performance filter
with multiple bands.
Introduction: Multiple channels are used by most of the modern communication devices. So ... Show
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The ports 2 and 3 can be made open or short. This design operates only at one frequency (f1).The
equation for designing this filter is derived by even and odd mode analysis. The bandwidth of the
filter with dual band is less compared to the conventional filter with single frequency of operation.
This reduction in bandwidth is due to the Shunt stubs which are used to load the parallel coupled
lines.
Novel Design: The electrical length of the coupled line is reduced to 〖34.84〗^0 . This decrease in
length can be obtained only by increasing the frequency of separation m to 4.167.Hence the
passband frequencies thus obtained are 2.4GHz and 10GHz.The even and mode impedances of the
coupled line and the impedance of the shunt stub are calculated using the filter design equations.
The shunt impedance value is found to be decreased when compared to filter with length
〖56.8421〗^0.The bandwidth at both the frequencies are increased to 216MHz for a filter with 9%
fractional bandwidth at 2.4GHz and 2.16% fractional bandwidth at 10GHz.Thus a reduced length
filter would have increased bandwidth and decreased stub impedance. A graph is plotted for
frequency Vs insertion loss. The insertion loss is found to be 0.66dB at 2.4GHz and 19.8dB at
10GHz.A better insertion loss of 2.9dB is obtained with a little shift in the frequency at 12.1GHz.
Table 1: 2.4/10GHz Dual band filter
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Theory Vs Practice
Stage 1 Physics Laboratory
Theory vs Practice – Speed of Sound in Air 1. Basic Information: Jason Carvalho
UPI: jcar604
ID: 911599634
Date: 6 May 2015 – 10:00 to 13:00
Group 1 2. Aim: The speed of sound in air is determined by many factors. Our aim was to measure
the speed of sound in air using ultrasonic waves in the laboratory, then comparing the results to the
theoretical value to thus determine any discrepancies between the two values and understand the
factors that affected our experimental value. The Theoretical Speed of Sound in air is = 343 ms–1
3. Method: Good laboratory practices follows, checking the equipment and familiarising yourself
with all the components that you will use in your experiment. We undertook this by following 'figure
4' in the laboratory manual.
For our first trial, we started by adjusting the frequency of the signal generator such that the
observed amplitude of the generated signal of the Oscilloscope was at the maximum, to which the
signal generator indicated this to be at 32.4 kHZ or 32400 Hz. Next we adjusted the position of the
receiver such that the waveform of the generated signal and the received signal were in phase. We
recorded the position as which this occurred as 0.120m from the origin on the angle track and
labelled it at 'R'.
Setting 'Ti'– (Transmitter Cone– Initial Position) at a random position at which the two waveforms
were in phase, we proceed to move 'Ti' through twenty periods of phase change,

The Noise Of Sound Waves Through Instruments And How The...
Introduction
Music takes up a large part of our lives, most people listen to it almost every day. It is one of the
only medians between People from completely different walks of life, connecting us all through
major symphonies or just beautifully simple chords. Though many people enjoy the emotion filled
sound that travel to their eardrums, most do not know exactly why. People also do not know why
they dislike some musical sounds. I am very curious as to why there are melodies considered good
or bad. Just as most people, I listen to music on the daily basis. I am also invested in learning how to
play the electric guitar which influences my interest in this topic greatly. I want to find out why
exactly different chords are considered either harmonic or discordant by looking into the consonance
and dissonance in music. In my research on this topic, I will focus mainly on the emission of sound
waves through instruments and how the notes come together. Sound travels as a transverse wave
which means it takes the same shape as sine waves, in mathematics. These waves are used to
produce different volume, frequencies, and timbre in instruments. In music, sound waves have
different frequencies which change the in pitch of notes, and different amplitudes, which change the
volume of notes.
Since I will be focusing on the changing of frequencies in notes, I will represent these changes by
modeling different chords, and notes by using sine waves. This will allow me to demonstrate how

Hertz Case
BIDDING FOR HERTZ November 19, 2012 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY In April 2005, Ford
announced its intention to investigate possible strategic alternatives for Hertz. At the same time,
Ford's stock price went down significantly. This negative reaction from the market shows Ford's
lack of confidence in its future operation, since Hertz is one of the strongest subsidiaries and
revenue sources for Ford. Even though Ford would lose significant value of itself in this transaction,
the slump in Ford's main business especially in North American segment and a possible downgrade
of its bond rating forced them to conduct drastic financing strategy to recover itself. The company
had two alternatives to rid of Hertz: selling to a private bidding group ... Show more content on
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Equipment Rental Market The equipment rental market depends on GDP measures, such as,
industrial productivity, and commercial & residential construction. Historically, the market has
shown growth of 9.7% and a recent trend of companies renting equipment rather than owning it is
expected to continue. The structure of this market is highly competitive, and only few national major
players have big roles, RSC, Atlas Copoc Group, and Hertz. Due to the nature of business,
concentrated source of revenues, like airport rental for RAC, is impossible and Scale in operation is
hard to obtain since customers are widely spread. Unfortunately, price deduction in the business is
foreseeable due to the highly competitive market structure. HERTZ AS AN IDEAL LBO TARGET
(2) There are several characteristics of an "ideal LBO target"; these include: a large asset base, low
future capital requirements, potential for process improvements and costs reductions, strong and
competitive market position, undervalued, low debt levels, predictable and stable cash flows, and a
relatively low enterprise value. An LBO target becomes even more attractive when it can be divided
into clear subdivisions, which is conducive to a smoother exit strategy. Analyzing Hertz, it is clear
that they mostly conform to this definition of an "ideal LBO target." Hertz has already established a
large asset base of rental vehicles for both car and equipment rental purposes. With this large asset

The Basic Properties of Sound Essay
First of all, a sound source radiates power and this results in a sound pressure, where the sound
power is the 'cause' and sound pressure is the 'effect'. But still, we always have to keep in mind that
sound cannot travel through vacuum, simply, because sound propagates as a wave, which creates
'compressions' and 'rarefactions', as it interacts with the particles of the medium. If there is no
medium, then there are no particles and of course, there is no interaction wave–particles interaction
and as a result, no sound is produced. This specific fact, was proven by Robert Boyle (17th century),
a researcher who showed through multiple experiments, that a bell, ringing in vacuum medium
cannot be heard. We have to mention here, that sound ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The unit of frequency in SI (System International) is the hertz (Hz), where one hertz is equivalent to
one cycle per second. Human beings can hear sound from vibrating objects in the range between
20–20.000 Hz (this range may vary depending on age, health, e.t.c.). Pitch, on the other hand is the
human sensation of frequency, the ability to tell the difference between different frequencies of
sound, which are organized into classes of pitches. A high pitch sound corresponds to a high
frequency sound wave and a low pitch sound corresponds to a low frequency sound wave. In music,
pitch is a technical term, used to describe how high or low a note is.
Intensity vs Loudness
Sound intensity is defined as the sound power per unit area. We usually measure the intensity in a
vertical direction (90o) in relation to a given unit area, through which the sound energy is flowing.
Intensity is very useful in locating sound sources, since it provides a measure of direction and
magnitude (SI unit: W/m2). The most common and easiest alternative way to measure sound
intensity is by using the logarithmic decibel (dB) scale. The threshold of hearing is assigned a sound
level of 0 dB (1*10–12 W/m2). A sound 10 times more 'intense' corresponds to a sound level of
10dB, a sound 100 times more intense corresponds to a sound level of 20dB and finally, a sound
1000 times more intense corresponds to a sound level of

Rock And Roll: A Music Analysis
When analysing music it is important to consider several factors that are vital to the make up of a
song. We must consider pitch, harmony, and timbre. Harmony is an important part of a song and can
be achieved by playing or singing the intervals in a chord after the root note. Harmonies are often
utilized by backing singers and instruments such as guitars to create a thicker or more emphasized
sound. Pitch is another important ingredient in a song. The pitch is essentially what frequency the
notes are played at within a song. The frequency of note changes depending on which octave you
play the note on. Analysing the timbre of the instruments is essential when looking at why an artist
chose the instruments they did. Timbre essentially is the ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The bass drum is not so punchy. The 'thump' in the 60 to 100Hz range is perhaps cut a little to
provide a snappier sounding drum kit. The guitars within the track on the most part tend to be fairly
mid range. For the verse and the intro the guitars sound like some of the low end may have been cut
around the 110 to 300 Hz range. This just removes some of the bass and fullness of the guitar tone.
The guitars (during the verse) sound quite 'airy' and 'bright'; this suggests a boost in the higher ends
around 2.5 to 5 kHz. Contrastingly in the chorus the guitars become heavily distorted and sound a
lot thicker. This contrast points towards less high–end and more low frequency boosts around the
200 to 250 Hz range. This gives the guitars are thicker heavier sound and works well within the
context of a rock song. The bass guitar is also fairly mid–range and is perhaps boosted around the
110 Hz Mark. This just provides the bass with 'snappier' sounding notes. Within the bridge of the
song the vocals lose a lot of their high–end and become quite distorted. This can be achieved by a
cut at around the 1 to 5 kHz frequency band. This is where a lot of the 'air' of the male vocals is
contained. This again just creates more variation in a song that essentially features very few chords
and very few

A New Pollution? Essay
A New Pollution?
Abstract:
Increasingly our society is being inundated with information wirelessly, through emissions of
electromagnetic waves (EMF). Any room you enter is being blanketed with ever increasing amounts
of, in some cases, highly powerful electromagnetic waves. These waves carry everything from cell
phone traffic to wireless internet signals, to even conventional AM/FM radio signals. Although
humans and animals cannot perceive most of these electromagnetic frequencies, they can affect
biological organisms in many ways that scientists currently do not even understand. Even further,
demand for such wireless applications is growing in terms of both signal strength and bandwidth.
This leads to the important question of ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Today, it would be a daunting challenge to even count all the various ways wireless communication
is employed around an average household for example. The push for increasingly powerful wireless
systems begs the question, whether at some point the wireless signals will become so powerful and
transmitted at so high a frequency that they may begin to cause adverse symptoms in humans and
animals as a result. This paper will focus on the ethical implications of developing such technologies
without yet having scientific research that demonstrates the safety of these systems on humans and
animals. Before we can begin examining this topic from an ethical standpoint, it is useful to review
some of the basic concepts and terminology underlying wireless communications in as simple a
fashion as possible, since many of you may not happen to be engineers.
All wireless technologies rely upon propagation of electromagnetic (EM) waves oscillating at
various frequencies (generally through air and water). The wireless segment traditionally refers to
transmission of RF waves for the intent of human communication. RF stands for radio frequency,
and refers to the portion of the electromagnetic spectrum from 3 KHz–300 GHz.1 As an aside,
current deployment of telecommunication signals range in the 700 MHz – 6GHz range. There are
also technologies designed for non–communicative uses

The Senses Of The Human Body : Sight, Smell, Taste, Touch,...
It was Aristotle who is credited with distinguishing between the five senses of the human body:
sight, smell, taste, touch, and hearing (Jacobson, 2007). The 18th century philosopher Immanuel
Kant proposed that "our knowledge of the outside world depends on our modes of perception" and
we must define what sensory is (Bronowski, 1978). All five senses have coinciding organs with
specialized cellular structures which translate certain stimuli to create a message. These cellular
structures have links to the nervous system which is the message highway to the brain. There, the
brain interprets the sense to create a response; whether it's pleasure, or pain. For us humans, sight
might be our most developed sense, but our hearing is a close second.
Our ears – including our outer, middle, and inner, are our body's organ for hearing. The real purpose
of our outer ear isn't to hold our hair back or keep our sunglasses on, but to capture sound vibrations
like a cup and direct them through the skull where they are converted into action potentials in a
"sensory dendrite" that is connected to the "auditory nerve" (Farabee, 2001). The brain combines the
input of our two ears to determine the direction and distance of sounds.
Hertz
Sound is produced by a rapid variation in the air when molecules move above and below the current
atmospheric pressure. We are able to perceive sound when our eardrums pick up the vibrating air
molecules. A vibrating body, such as a guitar string or clapping

Oster Vs. The Black And Decker
Food Processor Buying Guide Are you thinking about getting a food processor, but you don't know
exactly what to do with one? It doesn't matter if you are a veteran chef or a beginner, the food
processor can be your best appliance in the kitchen. You should chose a processor according to your
needs and to your method of cooking. Do you need something that chops and slices or do you need
something that will that do and more? Perhaps, its just for little jobs such as chopping up fresh
peppers and other garden seasonings? I know, it's certainly confusing to know which one is the best
for your needs. A food processor buying guide is just what you need to assist in making the right
decision. The processor will save you loads of time ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
You can buy online or directly at a department store. What do you get for your money? Well, it
comes with a 7 cup work bowl, spatula, recipe book, a detachable stem, disc and blades for
chopping and shredding. Hamilton Beach. The Hamilton Beach line is full with products ranging in
price from $35–$100. You can pick them up almost anywhere including online. They operate with a
capacity between 6–14 cups. The Hamilton Beach Stack & Snap 12 Cup Food Processor is a breeze
to assemble. It doesn't require you to be a brain surgeon to put it together. It has a wide mouth so
you don't have to cut your foods before putting them into the machine. The bowl comes with an
airtight lid to prevent spilling and is dishwasher safe. The blades on the Stack & Snap locks in place
and it has a place for the cord so it's out of the way when you're not using it. Oster. Oster has its
share of models with varying capacities at different, but low prices, usually all under

Short Story: Mars Mission
Hitler and Kristina The Holo–1 is rising and Hitler switches the engine to autopilot. He will wait in
the open skies to welcome Maria and her fleet. The scanners show no activity for a distance of ten
light years. A clean sweep. "I have become quite fond of your tea," said Hitler, and Kristina blushes
at the compliment from the Supreme Leader of God knew how many galaxies. Hitler was like a god
in her eyes, though a stab of jealousy shot through her heart at the thought of his reuniting with the
gorgeous Maria. She was just a poor slave girl off some lonely asteroid, while Maria was probably
some Princess of many lands. "Kristina, I am looking for an assistant," said Hitler awkwardly. Hitler
cursed himself. Every time he tried to get personal with a girl, his self–confidence would plummet.
"I beg your pardon, Mein Führer?" asked a bewildered Kristina looking up at Hitler and for no
reason her heart began to race, and suddenly the blood reached her face, and she turned bright red.
Hitler thought he was embarrassing the poor girl. She was so young and she obviously couldn't bear
the older man's unwanted attention. Hitler remembered Geli Raubal again, and anguish stabbed at
his heart. The suicide and how Hitler had wanted to join her too. "Are you ok?" asked Kristina, and
put her warm hand unsteadily on Hitler's. Hitler wanted to turn and throw the ship into Hyperspace
and get out of this awkward situation. Hitler gathered himself and tried once more in his

Arendt
Name: Ryan Dell Date: 3.13.13 Discussion sheet~ Arendt "Organized Guilt and Universal
Responsibility" You must hand this in at the end of class, and it must be typed. Don't write a thesis –
the whole thing doesn't need to be more than a page. This is to help you come to class prepared to
participate. Points will be assigned points based on such things as thoroughness, insightfulness,
student participation and promptness. _____________________________________________
Course themes[1] present in the reading (be specific – include a cite or quote ): There are two
obvious themes in Arendt's piece: guilt and responsibility; thus, the title Organized Guilt and
Universal Responsibility. Arendt makes these two distinctions ... Show more content on
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Especially when she discusses the issues , well lack of responsibility and guilt with those involved
in the Holocaust. I wonder sometimes how humanity back then could have had values and ideals so
horrific and not feel a thing for them. To say the least Arendt was a great writed of philosophical
issues and I would like so explore more of her beliefs and theories. Discussion question (specific to
each text – these may be available online, on handouts or in class): What does Arendt mean the
terms "organized guilt" and "universal responsibility"? How do they explain what happened in the
Holocaust, and the difficulties of coming to terms with it? I believe that Arendt meant when saying
"organized guilt" is that there are certain feelings such as awareness that we must recognize; as well
as establishing a difference in moral guilt vs. judicial (law) guilt. As for "universal responsibility"
Arendt states that when living in a political society as we do we should take responsibility for all
members. These aspects are portrayed early on in this story, through what happened in the
Holocaust. She was upset to see how when the government was involved with the doings in the
Holocaust there were no feelings of guilt or sense of

Heinrich Boll's Context and Lost Honour
Long Essay– The Lost Honour of Katharina Blum
Authors often use characters within their novels to show the consequences of challenging cultural
boundaries and, in turn, display their own personal concerns. It is not uncommon for characters to
reflect an author's ideology regarding social groups in their contemporary time periods. It is clear
that this is certainly the case with the 1975 novel The Lost Honour of Katharina Blum, (also referred
to as How Violence Develops and Where it Can Lead), written by the German Author, Heinrich
Boll. The Lost Honour is, on the surface, an attack on yellow journalism and the damage it causes to
the lives of the people reported on. However, with a more in depth analysis of the novel we are able
to see ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Not only does it imply that Blum is a criminal but also that she is not smart enough to organize the
crime itself. Ultimately Blum defies this suggestion by committing the crime of murder without any
help from a male companion. In the process Blum is being punished for going past cultural
boundaries by her incarceration for the murder of Totges. When looking at Bolls political views it is
clear that he has a deep concern for inequality of power. His time spent in Germany during the Nazi
reign has led him to distrust dictatorship, the ultimate form of unequal power. In relation with the
treatment of Blum in The Lost Honour his inability to except the unequal power in society has led
him to oppose the patriarchal society in which contemporary Germany was in at that point in time.
The treatment of Blum after her struggle to break free from her expected social role demonstrates
Bolls understanding of the problems faced by women and his deep concerns relating to them.
Personal experiences in relation to the male characters in The Lost Honour demonstrate Bolls
inability to accept the social power held by strong male figures and their abusing of this power. It is
clear that it is the males that hold all the power within The Lost Honour through the delegation of
occupations. Beizmenne is the chief crime commissioner, Totges is a renowned News journalist and
Gotten is a criminal mastermind. In

How Heinrich Hertz Changed The World Of Radiology
So Good, It Hertz Heinrich Hertz was a German Physicist who was able to contribute many
discoveries and contributions to the world of Radiology. Hertz was known to have "paved the way
for numerous advances in communication technology" through the discovery of radio waves and
also confirming the Electromagnetic Theory made by James Clerk Maxwell. Though many people
do not know who Heinrich Hertz was, many know the word "hertz (Hz)" as a unit of measure of
frequency that was established in Heinrich Hertz honor during 1930. To further expand on the man
named Heinrich Hertz, looking at his early history, his radiologic contributions, and why those
contributions were important gives insight on how he changed the world of Radiology. Heinrich
Hertz ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
It all started when Hertz was teaching and was simply showing his students electrical sparks. He
soon began testing out different sparks and seeing how the electricity jumped from each of the wire
receptors. He soon discovered that the vibration from the wires could radiate electromagnetic waves
that could pass through the air invisible. With these findings, Hertz created an apparatus called an
Oscillator. With using the Oscillator, Hertz was able to use high voltage A.C. electricity to create
sparks that could jump from one wire to the other. Thus, Hertz had not only produced radio waves,
but he was also able to detect them also. Once Hertz discovered radio waves, he was easily able to
also prove Maxwell's theory of electromagnetism over the course of three years by doing simple
experiments. By using his Oscillator apparatus, Hertz was able to prove that the waves that were
being produced were a form of electromagnetism because much like light, they could be reflected,
refracted, and produce standing waves. Hertz also was able to discover the Photoelectric Effect
during one of his experiments. Though he did not proceed with this discovery, it was picked up by
Albert Einstein. Einstein was able to win a Nobel Prize in Physics for the Photoelectric Effect even
though technically Hertz had discovered it years

Confessions Of A Key Board Dabbler
Confessions of a Key Board Dabbler
On September 9th I attended my first SWIC Music Faculty Preview Recital at the Schmidt Art
Center. The venue for the afternoon recital was held in the gallery room, a room set up for an
audience of about 50 music majors. In the front of the hall sat a white grand piano on parquet floors;
the walls of the room were adorned with art of varying mediums. Having mucked around on the
piano as a child, I sat enthusiastically as a musical amateur in great awe of anyone with talent of the
keyboard or gift of music of any kind.
The first two pieces in the program were by Austrian composer Franz Schubert 1797–1828. In 1808,
through a competitive examination, the eleven–year–old Schubert was accepted into the choir of the
Imperial Court Chapel as well as the Royal Seminary. He was a shy youth, and spent most of his
spare time practicing and composing alone. When Shubert was fifteen his voice changed and he left
the choir but continued to study at the seminary. As discussed in lecture, each period of music has a
chain reaction between artists who are affected by the events of their environment. Post war 1950's
America had the progression of Jazz with artists such as Charlie "Bird" Parker pushing the limits of
the saxophone to create the bebop sound, echoed in the rhythm of prose of writer Jack Kerouac and
Jackson Pollock's abstract of the brush. Franz Schubert's fellow artists were no different at the turn
of the eighteenth century as the

Wasps Investigation
Scientific investigations have been done to show the effects of certain sounds on wasps. Special
equipment was used to produce sounds of different frequencies. This investigation was done inside
specially constructed glass wasp nests. Each sound was kept at the same loudness during the
investigation. Interpret the table below to learn the results of the investigations.
Sound Frequency
(Hertz (Hz) = cycles per second
Change in
Activity Level
30 Hz to 400 Hz Normal activity level stayed the same
400 Hz to 600 Hz Normal activity level greatly reduced
600 Hz to 900 Hz Wasps completely motionless
900 Hz to 1,100 Hz Normal activity level greatly reduced
1,100 Hz to 21,000 Hz Normal activity level stayed the same
Wasps immediately returned to their normal activity level when the sound was ... Show more
content on Helpwriting.net ...
An increase in frequency causes activity level to decrease.
B. An increase in frequency causes activity level to increase.
C. An increase in frequency, causes activity level to decrease and then increase. *
D. An increase in frequency causes activity level to increase and then decrease.
Both scientists made the prediction that if wasps were tested at a frequency of 42,000 Hz, the
following outcome would be observed.
The wasps would slowly become motionless, and they would probably not return to their normal
activity level. Which of the statements below would be the more likely explanation for this
prediction?
A. Such a high frequency would be damaging to the wasps' sound sensors or it would affect their
motion.*
B. Such a high frequency would cause the wasps to sleep.
C. Slowly, the wasps would become accustomed to the high frequency.
D. The wasps would have no sense of the high frequency sound.
During the experiment, the scientists also observed that the wasps generated unique sounds
depending on what activity they were doing at the time. Because of this information, the following

statement was made by a student.
Wasps communicate with each other by

Advantage And Disadvantage Of Microprocessor
Microprocessor is a semiconductor device which contains most of the central processing unit (CPU)
functions and an engine that is fabricated on a single chip (Brain, n.d.). It is a multipurpose and
programmable device that process the input data into output results according to instructions stored
in its memory which is represented in binary numeral system (Microprocessor, n.d.). The first
commercially available microprocessor is Intel 404 which is a 4 bit processor and it was introduced
by Intel Corp in 1971 and designed for the usage of calculator (Intel 4004 microprocessor family,
n.d.). The 4004 was fully integrated in a small chip and held 2,300 transistors which included the
4001 ROM, 4002 RAM and 4003 Shift Register. It also executed up to 92,000 single word
instructions per second which could access 4 KB of program memory while 640 bytes of RAM.
Intel 4004's minimum feature size is 10 µm while the maximum CPU clock rate is 740 Hz (Intel
4004, n.d.). It had a control unit capable of performing control ... Show more content on
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It consist 3500 number of transistor. The 8008 was available in two speed grades which is 500 KHz
and 800 KHz because it took the CPU from 5 to 8 cycles to execute each instruction while the
effective rate of instruction execution was around 45,000 to 160,000 instructions per second (Intel
8008 microprocessor family, n.d.). The following year, Intel produce the Intel 8080 which is an 8–
bit microprocessor with a 64 KB main memory and 2 microseconds clock cycle time. It also can
execute 500,000 instructions per second which is ten times faster that Intel 8008. In the mid 1970's,
microcomputers were designed using 8080 as CPU (Evolution of Microprocessor, 2010). Some
other 8–bit microprocessor is Zilog–80 and Toshiba's T3472 (Intel 8008 microprocessor family,

Film Analysis :'samson ( Hwv 57 )
Samson (HWV 57) is a three–act oratorio by George Frideric Handel. It was the first oratorio he
wrote after the Messiah. The oratorio deals with the biblical figure Samson and it is also based on
"Samson Agonistes" by John Milton. The aria happens at the end of the Oratorio to serve as a happy
ending with its joyous flare. The instrumentation has a trumpet doubling the voice throughout the
piece as it is eluded in the text of Angel–trumpets. Le Nozze di Figaro is one of Mozart's most
popular operas, with the libretto written by Lorenzo Da Ponte. Act 2 begins in the bedroom of
Countess Rosina Almaviva, where she laments her husband's perceived infidelity with Susana, her
maid, in the aria "Porgi Amour".
Franz Schubert was one of the most ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
This example of lieder is a great example of Romantic poetry dealing with nature and the human
condition with emotion. The poetry is by poet Ludwig Heinrich Christoph Hölty.
Clara Schumann paved the way for women composers and was a finer musician than many of her
contemporaries. Clara Schumann was renowned in her time, for her outstanding piano skills and her
performances as a child prodigy. She composed "Lorelei" in 1843; it is towards the end of her lieder
output from the years 1831 to 1853. The text is by German Poet Heinrich Heine, a favorite author
among Robert Schumann and Franz Schubert. "Die Lorelei" is one of his most popular poems and
was set to music by other composers, but Clara's musical setting has been lovingly referred to as the
'Female equivalent to "Der Erlkönig."
Hugo Wolf was another nineteenth–century composer who specialized in lieder. He wrote hundreds
of lieder and composed other works, including two operas. His style is linked to the Second
Viennese School of Arnold Schoenberg, Alan Berg, and Anton Webern. Wolf's lieder continually
have grand moments of expressiveness. His lieder and compositions have complex harmonic
motions; Verschwiegene Liebe especially is harmonically thick all while maintaining its sweetness.
Richard Strauss was a leading German composer that spanned the late nineteenth century into the
twentieth century. He is best known for his numerous operas, like Salome and Der

Sample Resume : Singing Wineglasses
Krystina Waters
IB Physics 12
Mr. Chidley
27 Jan 2017 itsthelaw!
Investigating Singing Wineglasses
From the time I was in the 5th grade I have played the flute in the band. The flute is an instrument
that relies entirely on air to create sound. Pitch on the flute is varied through many factors such as
breath support and air speed. The air creates vibrations that travel through the instrument creating
different notes. As a little girl I remember my dad setting out my mom's crystal wine glasses and
showing me how to create music with them. It fascinated me how such a simple household object
could create such beautiful tones just like I could with my flute. Therefore, when I was presented
with the internal assessment for my IB physics class, ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Research Question: Is the frequency emanating from a wineglass proportional to the amount of
water in the glass or the diameter of the glass?
The purpose of my experiment is to test three wine glasses of different diameters and measure their
frequencies while varying the height of the water for each glass. My end goal is to hopefully be able
to determine whether or not the frequency emitted by the glass is proportionally related to the
diameter of the wine glass, or the amount of water in the wine glass.
Hypothesis:
If I increase the amount of water in the wineglass then it will result in a lower pitch (frequency)
regardless of its diameter therefore making pitch inversely proportional to the amount of water.
I decided upon my hypothesis for the reason that as water is added to the wine glass, it will result in
a greater mass. This greater mass should result in the glass vibrating in larger and further apart
waves. The larger and further apart the waves are, the lower the pitch of the sound, making the
frequency proportional to the amount of water.
Variables list: Independent variable– Amount of water (depth) and diameter. Dependent variables–
Pitch/frequency Controlled variables – The temperature of the water, Spectrum View App, finger
used
Controlling the Variables:
Depth of water: The amount of water will be changed by 1 cm for every data point. (There are 9)
This will be measured in height in order to get the most accurate

Analyzing Heinrich Hertz's Life
Heinrich Hertz was born on February 22, 1857, and he died in 1894. He was the oldest of his five
siblings. Hertzs' mother's name was Anna Elisabeth Pfeffercorn, and his father's name was Gustav
Ferdinand Hertz. His parents were both Lutherans, but it didn't matter to his parents what his
ethnicity was they were more focused on how he did in school. At age 6 he started to go to his first
school that was called Dr. Wichard Lange School, and was taught by Friedrich Wichard Lange. The
school was a private school for boys. Also, the school had no religious influence, however, it was
strict, and the boys were expected to work hard on their schoolwork in order to fight to be at the top
of their class. He ended up being at the top of his class, and really like his experiences there.
Surprisingly, the school did offer the two language classes that were necessary for a university entry,
Greek and Latin. As a young boy, he informed his parents that he would like to become an engineer,
and to help him out, his parents, kindly, looked for a school for him. In the end they decided to take
his teachers other ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
As part of his work on EM wave he reported a sensation that could change the understanding of our
universe. Hertz would show a UV light on electrically charged metal. He noticed that the UV light
would make the metal's charge fall quicker than normal. He wrote a book about this experiment and
gave it away to any scientist who deemed themselves worth for the task because he was too busy
with his EM wave project at the time of his new discovery. J. J. Thompson discovered that the UV
light produced electrons from the metal. This discovery caused Albert Einstein to rethink his theory
of light. He finalized that light came in completely separate parts of energy that is called photons.
This discovery of the photoelectric effect was one of the key parts in making a new way of
explaining the atomic

Blowing Bottle Tops: Making Music with Glass Bottles
Have you ever wondered why glass bottles made a sound, kind of like a music note? Well, this paper
will explain how this works. The paper will be talking about sound, sound waves, standing waves,
musical note names and frequencies, resonance, and closed–end air columns. Closed–end air
columns will be a main focus in the paper, studying the physics behind it. Glass bottles are an
example of a closed–end air column. Therefore, the more water inside the bottle, the lower the note,
and less water would be a higher note. Closed–end air can be many things; ranging from brass
instruments, woodwind instruments, organ pipes, and flutes. These closed–end air columns cannot
produce an even harmonic. It has a 1st harmonic, 3rd harmonic, and fifth harmonic. These
harmonics are can be understood as, the 2nd harmonic being twice that of the 1st, and the 4th being
four times that of the 1st .
Sound is a wave, and a wave can be remembered as a medium, carrying energy from one point to
another. The sound wave has a resemblance of a slinky in its nature, for many reasons. The
disturbance goes from one place to another, carried by the medium. Typically, the medium will carry
energy through the air, although it could be any substance like water and steel. There is an original
source of the wave; anything from someone's vibrating vocal chords, or a tuning fork. Then, the
sound is transported through the medium through particle–to–particle interaction. If the sound wave
is moving through the

Pvc Pipe On The Sound That Is Heard Research
Research Plan
I. Title: The Affect of Different Length Pipes on the Sound That is Heard
II. Background and Significance:
a. Sound is greatly used in this world, especially to musicians because their goal is to create songs
and tunes by using sound/vibrations. There are limited experiments on how sound is affected when
the sound travels through different length pipes. Sounds often produce wavelengths, or the distance
between one point to another at the crest of the wave, which carries energy. When that energy is
altered or physically changed, the sound will either have a higher or lower frequency. Frequency is
the number of cycles per unit of time. Like in a graph of wavelengths, higher frequencies have more
wavelengths in a certain amount of time whereas lower frequencies have fewer. Frequency is
usually measured in hertz (Hz). This experiment can also ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net
...
Procedures: Methods for data collection in this experiment include using five PVC pipes of different
lengths (increasing by 10 cm. each time) and using only one frequency (1000 Hz) sound to find the
result of the data. The PVC pipe will lie on a flat surface where it is stable enough to support the
pipe. Then, using the computer generated frequency; it will be placed on one side of the pipe. Next,
the app will be placed on the other end of the pipe and will record the frequency in hertz. Now this
will be tested again for a total of 5 trials for each pipe length.
Risk and Safety: A potentially dangerous risk is when using the tools like saws or a cutting
mechanism to cut the length of the pipes. If possible, let a parent or an adult who knows how to use
tools, do this job to prevent any injury. Another risk is headaches that may occur if the person is
sensitive to sound. Since the computer generated sound will be played multiple times, it can irritate
the ears or could possibly cause headaches or migraines. Safety precautions include wearing
headphones or something to block the sound out to prevent these

My Thoughts On Chapter 9
This essay will reflect my thoughts on chapter 9. In brief this chapter deals with how the ears allow
us to be able to hear and process sound. When I first think of sound I think of the frequency. This
makes me think of songs that I listen too in order to determine it 's a high frequency or a low
frequency. I 'll be able to determine the amount of hertz that are in songs on the radio. I do feel that
it would be hard to determine because most of that music is reordered, hearing people sing a
cappella would be easier to determine the amount of hertz present. I know what hertz are, but I 'm
still not sure how they are actually determined? Are they sounds just determined by our brain if we
have unimpaired hearing. How would someone like my brother with a whole in his ear be able to
determine frequency? When I think about pitch the first things come to mind are instruments. This
reminds me in middle school if you wanted to a part of the band, you got to test each instrument. I
always had a fascinating with a flute, which had high a frequency and high pitch. Another
instrument was a trombone; this had a low frequency and low pitch. This helped me understand the
difference between pitches. I also think about how humans and animals hear different frequencies.
Someone my age in there 20 's would be able to hear the door bell ring, while someone in there 70 's
may not hear it. This measures how over time our frequencies can. A dog on the other hand can hear
very high–pitched

Physics Speed of Sound Lab Report
Samantha Mackey 13. 2nd hour
PHYSICS LAB REPORT: SPEED OF SOUND
Purpose:
In this lab, we will be doing 3 major things: 1) Collecting and organizing data to obtain resonant
points in a closed pipe, 2) measure the length of a closed–pipe resonator, and 3) analyze the data to
determine the speed of sound.
Procedure:
1. Fill the graduated cylinder nearly to the top with water, with a tall glass tube open at both ends
(the water level with act as the closed end). 2. Determine the room's air temperature, and also
measure the diameter of the glass tube. Record the data. 3. Select a tuning fork and record the
frequency (in Hz) in the data table. Record the data. 4. Strike the tuning fork against a rubber ...
Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
These averages we determined from the trials can be compared to the accepted speed of sound
(344.2 m/s in this specific temperature), and we determine the relative error percentages:
344.2 – 302.64 x 100 = 12.07% 344.2 – 318.25 x 100 = 7.54% 344.2 344.2
These sources of error come from a few

Hardware and Sorftware: Major Techniques that Allocate...
Introduction
There are four major techniques that allocate capacity for wireless WAN communications. These
techniques are Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA), Frequency Division Multiple Access
(FDMA), Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA), and Orthogonal Frequency Division
Multiplexing (OFDM). (Goleniewski, L. 2007) Each technique has pros and cons when compared
amongst each other. The following is a summary of why each technique has a need, and some of the
challenges that come with that technique.
Radio Frequency
Radio Frequency or RF is used in our everyday lives whether or not you realize it. Some of the
common uses of Radio Frequencies are:
AM radio – 535 kilohertz to 1.7 megahertz
FM radio – 88 megahertz to 108 megahertz
Short ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The classic RF structure has a transmitter and a receiver. The transmitter creates electrical signals
that are called a carrier signal. The carrier signal frequency is determined by the wave length. The
carrier signal is modulated to carry voice by adding a contrast signal to the wave form. The receiver
gets the pair of sidebands and transforms them into speech or other sounds. RF in a wireless
environment can have dead spots due to line of sight issues.
FDMA
Frequency Division Multiple Access (FDMA) is a technique in which each user is assigned to a
different frequency; it is used in older analog cellular systems. (Goleniewski, L. 2007) This allows
everyone to speak at the same time, but it requires a different frequency band for each user. This
creates a limitation of the technique, as each cell can only support 60 users. With the digital
technology of today, FDMA is no longer a viable solution due to the limitation on users. It is also
expensive for the service provider since there needs to be a transceiver for each channel, and
because of the great amount of power that is consumed. FDMA does still serve a purpose today,
though. It is used to divide the allocated spectrum into individual channels, by which other channels
will then enable many users to use one channel. (Goleniewski, L. 2007)
TDMA
Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA) is a technique that takes advantage of FDMA. The
frequency spectrum is first split into

Street Robbery Is A Most Frightful Crime
National Bureau of Investigation defines robbery as the attempting or taking one's personal property
by force, threat or violence. The most important evidence in a robbery is putting the victims in fear
of taking his/her belongings by force. Some crimes of robbery are giving death threats to the victim.
It is not robbery when the crimes are intentionally spreading rumors and scandals of the victims in
the past. Another reason when they are in the spirit of alcohol or drugs.If the victim was threatened
to take his or her important belongings, this is the time it will be called as robbery. If the person was
taken important belongings from his body parts or from the cloth he or she wears without consent
then it is a robbery. (Feeney et al., 2002) ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Eadicicco (2014) stated that people are willing to give money in exchange of their gadgets. It also
said that it is not just the device, but the stored data was more important which includes the
applications, pictures, videos, contacts and documents. For this they commonly used GPS (Global
Positioning System) a navigation system that will help to locate the location of a device, but not all
phones are supported with GPS. There was also an instructable about backpack anti–theft bag alarm
which is similar to this study. The instructable also aims to draw the attention of the crowd when the
culprit tries to steal from the

Harvey Munson Research Paper
The ears are one of the most complex and interesting systems thats human body has and the sounds
we hear are actually in many different parts deflected, absorbed, and also filtered by our different
body parts. It's then collected by our pinnae (the external part of or ears), whose dimensions further
affect the sound on its way into ear. There, vibrations are translated into signals, which are
interpreted by your brain. In the 1930s, two scientists at Bell Labs, Harvey Fletcher and Wilden A.
Munson researched this process and what they discovered has changed and affected how we as
humans understand the hearing process.
Harvey Fletcher and Wilden Munson revealed, among other things, that the human ear is not linear,
and is not capable of ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The Loudness button on consumer stereo receivers is an equalization circuit that boosts the highs
and lows as the volume is lowered so the music will sound the same whether soft or loud. Noise–
shaping circuits filter dither and quantization noise into the extreme upper range, where we will
simply notice it less.
To describe the concept of equal loudness regardless of frequency, the unit phon was developed.
Each curve of the equal loudness contours defines a single phon level. For example, the curve that is
40 dB SPL at 1 kHz is defined as 40 phons; 40 phons at 10 kHz is therefore approximately 50 dB
SPL and at 100 Hz slightly more than 60 dB SPL. Phons and decibels SPL are the same for a 1 kHz
tone – an increase of 10 phons is equal to an increase of 10 dB at 1 kHz, but it may be more or less
at other frequencies. Many audio measurements are made using weighting curves that attempt to
skew the results in favor of the way we actually hear. For example, the signal–to–noise ratio of a
microphone preamp might be listed as 108 dB A–weighted, or sometimes just 108 dB(A). This
means that the noise was filtered before measurement to exclude the extreme lows and highs to
approximately the same degree our ears do at 40 phons. The rationale is that if we listen to the
device at that level, then we will perceive the noise floor to be

Nt1310 Tv Channels
What bit rate, in kb/s, is required in the channel from S to A (to the nearest thousandth)? S2.L1.HW
08.2.3 : What type of channel does this service require? S2.L1.HW 08.3 : A geostationary television
satellite is located approximately 36000 km above the earth. It relays images from a transmitter on
the ground to receivers (television sets) on the ground. S2.L1.HW 08.3.1 : What is the delivery time
for these images in this communication channel (to the nearest hundredth of a second)? The
propagation speed of a radio signal is 299,792.458 km/s (help yourself by drawing the "transmitter –
television receiver" channel). Disregard the transmission duration for this question. S2.L1.HW
08.3.2 : What do you see on your television ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
A and B are two users who communicate via this channel. A sends 10,000 bytes (10 kB) of data,
then B sends 200,000 bytes (200 kB), and finally A answers with 20,000 bytes (20 kB). You will
assume that the channel is shared perfectly, in other words, that switching from one direction of
transmission to the other after a message is received occurs without any delay. Draw a diagram to
help you. How many seconds will this exchange take (to the nearest hundredth of a second)?
S2.L1.HW 08.6 : Can the transmission of a message be interrupted? When a new message is
submitted, transmission of the previous message is stopped. A message must be fully transmitted
before another message can be transmitted. When a new message is submitted, transmission of the
previous message is stopped; it will be resumed after the new message has been transmitted.
S2.L1.HW 08.7 : Assume a 220–km–long cable. The propagation speed of the electric signal in this
cable is 220,000 km/s. A modem at each end transmits at a bit rate of 10 Mb/s. S2.L1.HW 08.7.1

Heinrich Schliemann Essay
"We could describe (Heinrich) Schliemann's excavations on the hill of Hissarlik and consider
their results without speaking of Troy or even alluding to it," Georges Perrot wrote in 1891 in
his Journal des Savants. "Even then, they would have added a whole new chapter to the
history of civilization, the history of art" (qtd. in Duch&ecirc;ne 87). Heinrich
Schliemann's life is the stuff fairy tales are made of. A poor, uneducated, and motherless boy rises
through his hard work and parsimonious lifestyle to the heights of wealth (Burg 1,2). He travels the
world and learns its languages ("Heinrich Schliemann"), takes a beautiful Greek bride,
and together they unearth the treasures of Troy and the citadel of ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
Schliemann himself once wrote, "If my memoirs now and then contain contradictions, I hope
that these may be pardoned when it is considered that I have revealed a new world of archaeology.
The objects which I brought to light by thousands are of a kind hitherto never or but rarely found. It
was an entirely new world for me; I had to learn everything by myself and only by and by could I
attain the insight" (qtd. in Duch&ecirc;ne 45). Even Traill comes to the defense of
Schliemann's contributions; "The greatness of his achievements and their enduring
significance are beyond dispute" (Traill 97). Schliemann rediscovered an important site
occupied from the Early Bronze Age until Roman times that whose levels of strata most likely
contain the Homeric city of Troy ("Homeric Questions Part III –Archaeology–
9/06/98"). He put the science of stratigraphy to practice and innovated archaeology by
building off of the processes of his predecessors. His digs at Mycenae led to Sir Arthur Evans's
discovery of the city of Knossos and the lost civilization of the Minoans, precursors to the
Myceneans ("The Minoan Costume"). Neither the Minoans nor the Myceneans had
existed in anything

The Deposition Of Hybrid Coatings
Deposition of hybrid coatings is also possible using AP–PECVD by utilizing vapor of hybrid
organic–inorganic monomer and an organic monomer which can result in bringing excellent barrier
properties.[44] Also, as it is mentioned in the literature, with AP–PECVD, working with a
combination of two precursors with different phases, is possible.[44] Also deposition of thin organic
coatings with a biomolecule embedded in them has shown for AP–PECVD.[51, 52]
The different methods of plasma production, include microwave frequency plasma (MW), also
known as glow–discharge, radio frequency (RF) plasma and arc plasma. By utilizing two electrodes
in the reaction chamber, the high frequency power is applied to the gas to be ionized. When
microwave frequency is used, plasma is produced by the application of a high frequency electric
field of magnitude of 2.45 GHz at a low pressure to a carrier gas such as oxygen, argon or nitrogen.
At such high frequencies, electrons due to their small masses, can accelerate toward the higher
energy–levels, however, this is not the case for the heavier ions, therefore, the temperature of
electrons increases, but for heavier ions it will remain low, and so this is a non–isothermal plasma.
In the microwave plasmas, the electrons with their high energy levels are responsible for collision
with the gas molecules to dissociate them and make them reactive for further plasma
polymerization. This technique has been used for deposition of conductive films from a

Polyvinyl Chloride
Today, there are many instruments all around us. All the way from guitars to the stylophone, many
of which take advantage of pressure waves through pipes in order to produce sound. As a
percussionist, I have had seven years of personal experience with most of those years being on the
xylophone and vibraphone, so when I first discovered PVC instruments over the Summer, I was
hooked on the idea, and because polyvinyl chloride is cheap, it is a great choice for the creation of
homemade instruments. Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC) is sometimes referred to as a synthetic resin,
subclassified into thermosetting and thermoplastic resins. PVC is a thermoplastic resin, which
means that heating the material will cause it to re–soften and become moldable ... Show more
content on Helpwriting.net ...
In a PVC instrument, practically the opposite occurs, as when the open end of the tube is struck by
the beater, a pocket of high pressure air is sent through the tube, resonating it at the frequency that is
determined by its length as well as the width of the openings (the diameter of the inside of the tube),
which gives the instrument the properties of a Helmholtz resonator (Johnson). A Helmholtz
resonator is "a container of gas with an open hole" that operates when "A volume of air ... vibrates
because of the 'springiness' of the air inside" with a common example being blowing on the neck of
a bottle in order to produce a sound (McLennan). Resonance, which is produced by oscillating air, is
a "phenomenon that occurs when the frequency of a vibration forced on an object matches the
object's natural frequency and a dramatic increase in amplitude occurs" (Hewitt 521). Resonance
causes the tubes of varying lengths to produce different pitches. Tubes used in musical instruments
are either open at one end, or open at both (excluding the rain stick), which allows for nodes and
antinodes to form within the tube. Nodes are "pivot" points on

Personal And Commercial Lines Of The Hertz Corporation
JOHN R. TRIBBLE, CPCU
9318 Quarry Drive, Naples FL 34120
(717)798–1066 john.tribble@hotmail.com
Senior Insurance Executive with extensive leadership, global claims management, and consulting
expertise in commercial lines, personal lines, workers' compensation, and non–standard claims
operations. Superior record of restructuring and realigning multi–jurisdictional claims organizations,
elevating them into top performing operations. Expert at capitalizing on opportunities to improve
profitability, while leading cross–functional teams to ensure the achievement of key objectives. A
team builder and decision maker who excels at managing multiple activities in a large, complex
claims operation.
CORE COMPETENCIES
Personal and Commercial Lines Claim Leadership Loss Severity & Expense Control
Project, Strategic and Litigation Management Executive Consulting Expertise
Business Metric Development & Execution Multi–jurisdictional Coverage Application
Planning, Budgeting, Forecasting & Reserving Restructuring and Improving Claims Operation
PROFESSIONAL EXPERIENCE
The Hertz Corporation (2013 – June 2015)
Vice President – Global Claims Services (Global CCO), Bonita Springs, FL
Traveled globally leading and managing a cross functional claims operation with The Hertz
Corporation. Effective in making critical decisions which reduced risk, increased profitability and
growth, and

“During the Period 1939-45 Opponents Within the Army Posed...
"During the period 1939–45 opponents within the army posed a greater threat to Hitler and the Nazi
regime than any other opposition group." How far do you agree with this statement? The Nazi's
arguably faced a lot of opposition between the years 1939–45 and not only from the army; who had
the power of keeping up the morale of the citizens due to their military strengths and integrating part
of the Nazi regime. However Hitler and the Nazi's also faced other oppositions, such as the church
which again was a source of opposition based on morale. The threats from the left and the right
continued, as an on–going conflict of extremist behaviour. The youth of the country also posed a
threat to Hitler and the Nazi's due to boycotting and ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Although Bavarian Catholics were successful in pursuing Wagner's ban on crucifixes in schools, the
Catholic Church failed to condemn systematic extermination of Jews in Public (as early as 1942).
The banning of crucifixes in Bavarian schools highlighting that the church was seen as some sort of
threat to Hitler's regime and also highlights the use of religion in society. This caused some uproar
and in August 1941 the Nazi's had a policy which was part of the Aktion T4 programme, the killing
of asylum patients. However Bishop Von Galen was motivated by the attempt to maintain
independence and integrity and led to an outspoken attack from the pulpit. This was regarded as a
notable exception from the Nazi's as Von Galen's speech led to the "stepping down" of the
programme. These exceptions from the Nazi's and more so the acts of the religious people involved
highlighted the importance of religion and also showed a devotion to Catholicism and not to the
Nazi's, therefore emphasising that the church cannot be seen as a real threat to Hitler and the Nazi's.
Other Sections of the German society posed threats to the Nazi's, particularly the youth. Organised
attempts to actively oppose the regime were set up. The Edelweiss Pirates were the most organised,
these attacked the Hitler Youth and also went

Gestapo's Cruelty and Role Played in the Holocaust
The roles of the SS,SA and the Gestapo are going to be revealed . These positions are all played in
the Holocaust from 1929 to 1945. There was a very high role of cruelty and death taking in all three
positions. Each played a role as for taking either a Jew's life or anyone else that was considered
undesirable. There will be over a million deaths just of these three positions because of the role
played for the Nazi Party in Germany between that period of time involving World War 2. I
The first topic is the Schutzstaffel, which is the SS. The SS was founded in April of 1925 by Adolf
Hitler. The SS was discovered as a group of personal bodyguards for Hitler. The small group of the
SS went from being only 300 members in 1925, to about 50,000 in 1933, because of Heinrich
Himmler. Heinrich Himmler commanded the SS in 1929, to 1945 when its disintegration occurred.
Between about 1934 to 1936, the SS expanded their responsibilities and gained control of
Germany's police forces. Since the SS gained more responsibilities they divided into two sub–units
called the Allgemeine SS (General SS) and the Waffen (Armed SS). Both of the subunits combined
were about 250,000 member by 1939. One of the roles, or something they dealt with (general SS)
was the local police, and with "racial matters", and also with foreign espionage and
counterintelligence. General SS's main program was Reichssicherheitshauptamt ("RSHA," Reich
Security Central Office in German). The RSHA was divided into four

Physics Mastery Lab
Speed of Sound Lab Report
Jamie Cook
PHYS 1114: College Physics I
Oklahoma City Community College
December 10, 2013
Purpose:
The purpose of this experiment is to measure the speed of sound in air and to determine the effects
of frequency on the speed of sound.
Apparatus (equipment used):
Signal generator: manufacturer– EMCO, model number– SS–1, range– 20Hz–2MHz, least count–
1Hz
Frequency meter: manufacturer– DEADALON CORPORATION, model number– N/A, range–
20Hz–2MHz, least count 1 kilohertz
Oscilloscope: manufacturer– BK Precision, model number– 1472C, range– 0–15MHz, least count–
1 Hz
Speaker: manufacturer– Western Electric, model number– D17312, range– ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
In this experiment, the signal generator was set so that the frequency meter showed a reading of
1,803 Hz. The microphone was moved to a distance from the speaker so that the oscilloscope
displayed a straight diagonal line. This position was of the microphone was recorded as the initial
position, or beginning of a wavelength. The microphone was then moved farther in the same
direction until the oscilloscope displays the same horizontal line. This position was recorded as final
position, or the end of the wavelength. The distance between the two positions represents one
wavelength for this frequency. This was repeated for frequencies of 2,402 Hz, 3,002, Hz, 3,602 Hz,
and 4,201 Hz.
Method continued:
Data analysis: After the positions were recorded for frequencies 1,803 Hz, 2,402 Hz, 3,002 Hz,
3,600 Hz, and 4,201 Hz, the wavelength was determined for each. This was done by subtracting the
initial position from the final position (position final–position initial=wavelength). Using the

calculated wavelength, the speed of sound in air at each frequency was determined by multiplying
the wavelength by the frequency (speed of sound=wavelength x frequency). By adding the five
speed values and dividing by the number of speeds, the average speed of sound was calculated.
Then 344 m/s was used as the accepted

The Marketing Strategy Of Hertz
Strategic Options
Hertz product ranges from Hertz local edition, Hertz car sales, Rent2Buy, Hertz equipment rental,
Hertz claim management, Connect by Hertz, and Advantage rent a car. Their core purpose is to
maximize total shareholder by bringing substantial competitive advantage to the company. As such
there are at least three different strategies that Hertz can follow. Firstly, it can aim for the partnering
with independent small rental providers/ mobile companies to increase sales revenues. Secondly, by
entering new markets segments. Thirdly, it can follow the marketing strategy of increasing
advertising and promotion activities. The following are three strategic growth options which Hertz
can pursue to increase the market share and to maintain the competitive advantage in the industry.
Partnering with independent small rental providers/ mobile companies
PARTNERING WITH INDEPENDENT SMALL RENTAL PROVIDERS/ MOBILE COMPANIES
ARENAS/MARKETS
North America, Asia, Europe, Caribbean /other developing markets
DIFFERENTIATORS
Brand image, customer loyalty, industry experience, market leader
VEHICLES
Acquisitions, internal capabilities and resources
STAGING
Advertise products on T.V, radio, web–site, hotel partners and airport display
ECONOMIC MODEL
To increase sales, revenues, profits and brand image and market share
PROS
Growth potential, increase market share, maintain competitive advantage, economies of scale
CONS

Increase in capital and advertising costs, harder

Holocaust Sociology Essay
Gevorg Petrosyan
Professor Wonser
Intro to Sociology
23 June 2012 Final Project, Assignment 2: Nazi Germany and Holocaust
The Holocaust was the genocide of around six million European Jews during World War II.
(Holocaust History) Nazi Germany led by Adolf Hitler had targeted every single Jew to be perished.
Unfortunately Nazi Germany succeeded to murder two–thirds of the nine million Jews who were
stationed in Europe. (Holocaust History) The Holocaust can be viewed at in many sociological
perspectives of the sociologists mind. Adolf Hitler used everything in his power to exterminate any
non–German ethnic that lived in Germany. (Hitler) Authority played a key point in the Holocaust
against the Jews. The following are the many ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Another labeling theory in the Holocaust was the yellow Star of David patch. This patch often put
against right side of the chest, implemented and labeled the person as a "Jude". Nazi persecutions
used this to label to their prosecutors in an organized way. (Nazi SS) With this patch you had
implanted in your mind that you are going to die. It was intended to be the badge of shame and now
the public knew you as a Jew. The Jude community was treated like dogs; they were given a name
and badge similar to dog tag or collar, and looked upon as animals. Erving Goffman's term of stigma
was given to the Jewish because of their social attribute. Nazi Germany used all three types of
stigma in their society such as physical for the impaired or handicapped, moral for mentally
challenged, and tribal for Jewish and other non–Aryan or German. The Erving Goffman's term of
stigma was lectured in class. Nazi Germany was big in–group created by Adolf Hitler. They felt
loyalty and brotherhood towards each other. Anyone besides them was a major out–group, such as
the Jews. The rivalry and hatred they had for the Jews was a usual thing by other fellow Nazi. Such
a big in–group had and influence on any Nazi to believe what they were doing is right. Group
cohesion strongly powered the Nazi for the loyalty and solidarity. All the members felt strongly tied
to each other as family in a way. Any one else was not like them and was to be treated differently.
Adolf

Maximum Phonational Frequency Range Case Studies
Maximum Phonational Frequency Range (MPFR) is described as the maximum range of phonation
between a client's lowest modal/chest register tone and highest loft tone/falsetto register. The MPFR
is typically determined by using a pitch – matching procedure. Ms. Noid will be instructed to sustain
a vowel (i.e. /a/) matching the pitch of a presented tone (i.e. sine wave). She will start phonation at a
comfortable frequency level, and will incrementally increase her frequency range production, until
she can no longer sustain phonation. Then, Ms. Noid will be instructed to incrementally decrease her
frequency range until her modal phonation can no longer be sustained.
The rationale for using an MPFR measure is to explore the physical condition of the phonatory
mechanism. Furthermore, it is a way to quantify the client's frequency variability, measured through
an entire range of frequencies (i.e. highest to lowest), which are produced with maximal effort.
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Ms. Noid will have a constrained phonational frequency range of approximately 1–2 octaves,
reflecting a physiological limitation and impaired vocal mechanism, due to a unilateral vocal fold
paralysis. She will be unable to transition between low to high frequency ranges, and exhibit a vocal
quality characterized as breathy and hoarse.
3. Frequency Perturbation (jitter) is an indicator of the stability of phonation. It is a measurement of
cycle–to–cycle variability in fundamental frequency. Typically, results are acquired from a three
second mid–segment sample of a sustained phonation task, avoiding phonatory onset and offset.
Fundamental frequency and intensity values should be specified since they vary, affecting the
Frequency Perturbation (jitter) values.
The rationale for measuring jitter is that it provides objective measures for distinguishing a "normal"
from a "disordered" voice, and estimates vocal

How Wireless Technology Has Changed Improved
Abstract: The purpose of this research paper is to demonstrate how much Wireless Technology has
really improved, since the year James Clerk Maxwell developed and explained the theory of
electromagnetic waves on 1865; And Heinrich Hertz put into practice Maxwell 's theory by
experimenting with electromagnetic waves–measuring their speed and wavelength between the
years 1885–1889; Until present days. As this type of technology grows, it is perceivable to what
extent people have learned how to manipulate electromagnetic waves at will. For the purpose of this
paper, I have done a very extensive research looking for remarkable improvements that would take a
substantial and detailed portion that would explain the what, when and how of each major
breakthrough, on the body of this research. Wireless Technology has become a very important part
of our daily lives–as individual users, groups, or even businesses–since radio waves were
discovered, and we learned how to manipulate it to some extent. It isn't odd to see a device which
doesn't depend of a cable to receive/transmit a signal or radio waves nowadays. We often see people
using smartphones, laptops without requiring any external connection to the LAN, or even our own
radios. All of these wouldn't be possible without the existence of Wireless Technology. But, has
there really been a whole deal of improvements on this type of technology? According to (Merriam–
Webster, Inc., n.d), to

Sound Waves Affecting The Brain's Perception Of Sound
The normal range that humans are able to hear from is 20 hz to 20kHz. The average human can hear
up to 20 hertz, After using the resources provided in Physics class I discovered I can hear between
19hz and 20hz. I could sometimes hear the 20hz but sometimes I could not. I am about average for
the highest frequency I could hear. Sound is made of pressure waves which when they travel
oscillate or vibrate. Each wave travels at a certain frequency based on how much the sound moves.
Sound is created when air molecules are pushed in a certain direction causing them to vibrate. This
creates sound waves. Sound moves by vibrations and are caused by compression or some form of
pressure. The higher frequency at which the wave oscillates the higher the ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
Based on the second resource in Physics, I could not district between frequencies as well as I
should. My issue was could tell there was a difference in pitch I just could not tell if it was higher or
lower once they got super similar to one another. The biology behind it is that once a pitch has
traveled through the ear and the cochlea has transferred it to the brain, the arcuate fasciculus
produces the process of distinguishing which pitch is higher or lower than another. Some people can
do this better than others based on the way their brain works. But it is all pitch recognition in your
brain. Tiny sound waves inside your ear help you tune the pitch and pick up sound waves. They take
the sound waves and turn them into nerve signals causing the brain to interpret sound. The enter
form the outer ear and travel through the passage of the ear canal. It then reaches the eardrum where
the vibrations translate into the sound we hear. It then goes to the cochlea, a snail–shaped structure
that contains fluid in the ear. The sound causes the liquid inside to ripple. The wave goes across to
the basilar

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