Peer Coaching Essay

Peer Coaching Essay
The purpose of this paper is to inform you, the administration, about the innumerable benefits and possibilities of coaching and teacher mentoring, as
well as to familiarize you with an overview of three specific coaching models. These will include cognitive coaching, literacy coaching, and
differentiated coaching, each of which have their own unique set of strengths and weaknesses. The coaching process and experience can help the school
in countless ways, starting with the teachers and trickling down to the students. According to (Mentoring, 2016, p. 1), "Peer coaching can bring about a
better understanding of best practices, and better articulated curriculum. Peer coaching has contributed to an overall improvement in teaching and
learning in the schools" (p. 1). Mentoring (2016) lists some of the many ways in which a coach can help a school reach success. Some of these include
the following:
Improved student academic achievement and understanding
Improved teaching practices and competency within the classroom
Higher levels of teacher collaboration and collegiality
Increased positive and supportive attitudes toward change
Improved identification of solutions to problems through goal–making strategies
Improved identification and use of resources (p. 1).
Cognitive Coaching Model
The first model, cognitive coaching, is an effective way to get teachers to become more self–reflective about their teaching practices and to make
effective changes based on that
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4dep
CPD stands for Continuing Professional Development and is a means of supporting people in the workplace to understand more about the environment
in which they work, the job they do and how to do it better. As an initiative, CPD was largely unknown until at least the 1960s. Professional bodies
only started to take systematic steps to ensure their members continue their development on an ongoing basis within the last ten to fifteen years of the
twentieth century. Recognition of the need for CPD is now well–established at least among the majority of professional bodies. CPD is an ongoing
process throughout our working lives. The concept of CPD both generically and within HR is very important as it can be part of an individual's personal
... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Curious This is the need to look at what may happen in the future and finding ways of developing innovative ways to add value to the organisation.
Decisive thinker: This person demonstrates the ability to use knowledge and judgement in order to identify options and make day–to–day decisions.
Skilled influencer: A person who demonstrates this ability shows that they can put forward logical suggestions, which can in turn influence
stakeholders' commitment and support for changes and/or development of new policies. Driven to deliver: This shows the ability to identify required
steps in order to achieve agreed objectives, which will allow the delivery of best results for the organisation. Collaborative: In demonstrating this
ability, you show that you have the ability to get to know people, how they work, what their feelings / beliefs are etc. – both inside and outside the
organisation – and utilise that contact knowledge in the best way to support colleagues and the business. Personally credible: This behaviour shows that
you have the ability to consistently deliver on your promises and commitments, whilst taking responsibility for your actions. If you demonstrate this,
colleagues are more likely to trust your judgement. Courage to challenge: This demonstrates that you have the courage to speak up, challenge others, or
ask questions for information, help or advice

At Tradewinds High School ( Ths ) We Serve Students Grades...
At Tradewinds High School (THS) we serve students grades 9–12. Our mission is to create a safe and challenging learning environment in which
promotes personal responsibility and empowers student success. Safety, Academics, and Pride are at the forefront of our schools vision. If we do these
three things well, we will have every student experience success. Priorities for this school are as follows:
Improve school culture
Bring discipline under control
Enhance the curriculum
Raise expectations
Reduce classroom size
Establish a stable faculty and leadership team
Provide teachers with professional development (to enhance teaching practices)
Implement effective intervention programs (to remediate students in weakness areas
As principal of TWH, I feel it is vital to keep the urgency focused on academics. It is my belief that if we set students up for challenging and engaging
classroom instruction, discipline issues will start to lessen. However, my teachers will feel supported and respected, and that will be communicated
regularly to our students and school community. "...leaders treat others fairly, equitably, and with dignity and respect–and they establish the expectation
that others in the school community act in a similar manner" (Murphy, 2006).
Since Tradewinds High School has a history of high turnover amongst its teachers, I will have a number of vacancies to fill, and want to be as diligent
as possible in getting the right teachers for this student

The Use Of Mandatory Continuing Professional Development...
The iconic journalist and one of the most trusted figures in American television, Walter Cronkite once said that in seeking the truth, one must get to
both sides of the story [1]. It may be philosophically worded perhaps, but it is unequivocally true. As such, the likely introduction of mandatory
continuing professional development by the PEO is a thorny topic that must be critically analyzed and scrutinized on both ends of the spectrum. Those
in support for continuing professional development argue that practitioners get applicable training on the job and that certain concepts such as ethics
simply do not change and thus don't require a statue for mandatory continuing development. However, others have an antipodal perspective, arguing
that continuing professional development should be mandatory to prevent loss of knowledge over time and to allow members to keep at pace with the
latest practices and procedures of the engineering profession.
Perhaps the most convincing argument that those against continuing professional development provide is that engineers get all the adequate skills
training on the job. This is most prevalent for new engineering graduates, that can spend up to two years getting trained prior to starting the job. Take
for example, Lehigh Hanson Canada – subsidiary of the building materials conglomerate, HeidelbergCement Group. New graduates spend 24 months in
a comprehensive program that provides on–the–job as well as formal training [2]. To put in

Performance Strategy Of L ' Oreal
PERFORMANCE STRATEGY OF L'OREAL
1
L'OreМЃal Performance Strategy
A review of the Company
Jessica Niro
Graduate School of Business Touro College
PERFORMANCE STRATEGY OF L'OREAL
2
L'OreМЃal Performance Strategy
A review of the Company
For over 105 years, L 'OreМЃal Group has been dedicated to the business of beauty. It is the global beauty leader in 130 countries. The worldwide
beauty market is, to me, highly interesting to develop and analyze because of its specificity. The fact that success in this particular industry depends on
different factors–such as the importance of image and communication–makes it more complex for a company to set up and implement clear guidelines.
In addition, the size of an organization that operates globally, present in all distribution channels in markets that have sometimes opposite
characteristics, is another incentive for analyzing the objectives, the strategy and the tactics of a company such as L'OreМЃal. With 28 international
brands, the Group achieved in 2013 an annual turnover of в‚¬ 23 billion and has 77,500 employees worldwide. L 'OreМЃal relies on excellence in
research and innovation and on 4000 researchers to meet all beauty aspirations in the world and the Group 's objective to conquer a billion of new
consumers in the coming years. Also, through its program "Sharing beauty with all" L 'OreМЃal is making impressive commitments on sustainable
development throughout its value chain for 2020 ("STRATEGIC TRANSACTION", n.d., para. 16).
L'OreМЃal

Continuing Professional Development In Nursing
Continuing professional development is essential in the health care system particularly for the nurses so they can maintain the knowledge and
understanding about up–to–date health trends, policies, treatments and techniques. It also provides the opportunity for nurses to "maintain, improve
and broaden their knowledge, expertise and develop the personal and professional qualities required throughout their personal lives" (AHPRA, CPD,
2016, page 1). Nurses are individually responsible for the delivery of safe and competent nursing care and each nurse is accountable for their practice.
Nurses must ensure that, the people are treated according to person–centered care. We should consider their dignity and their ability to choose the best
care... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
According to Hegney, continuing professional development is an ongoing learning which "describe the knowledge and skills transfer undertaken by
practicing registered nurses the aim of maintaining to practice" (Hegney et, al, 2010, p 142). Demand for the health care services are increasing
because of the ageing population and complex health care needs so through regular, useful and well targeted CPD we advances our skills and
knowledge for more challenging patient profile, strategies to improve resilience and reduce burnout ( Aitken et al., 2011).Moreover, CPD extends the
opportunity for us to keep engaged in and up skill in evidence–based practice principles which basically translates to better job satisfaction and
professional commitment and continued improvement in patient care( Tourangeau et,al,2010). I believe through CPD we can reflect on our
knowledge and we can improve according to our professional needs. I had attended dementia workshop last year as a part of

Continuous Professional Development Case Study
The nature of what was newly learned varied according to professional roles and from specialty to specialty. It ranged through such categories as
knowledge, psychomotor skills, managerial skills, leadership skills, technological skills, implementation, appraiser of literature, screening of research
proposals and mediation. The other dimension to learning was variously described as "affirmation", as "reaffirmation", as "confirming my own
practice", as "having my thoughts confirmed by somebody else", and "something that [...] confirms any uncertainties I may have had about my own
level of knowledge, [and] so reassures me that I know what I'm doing". The questionnaire results supported the interview findings. They indicated the
extent to which the ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Performance is a visible entity: it can be seen and that in itself leads to an enabling of mechanisms for measurement and standardisation to be put in
place. However, the formation of judgements and the making of decisions are much less visible and thus resistant to quantitative systems of
measurement and standardization. In the words of Fish and de Cossart (2007), performance is more "visible" whereas judgement and decision making
are "invisibles", being different and more reflective (and, in the words of another interviewee (see page 57ff in this chapter), compatible with a more
qualitative assessment procedure. We will return to this point

The Common Core State Standards
Common Core State Standards
In education field, it is hard to know if all claims are credible and it is not so easy to assess good research. Curiosity and expertise will be helpful to
to decide if you can trust the educational change that has been offered. Science can answer many questions, but not all of them.
Strip it and Flip it.
We need to clean the crowded verbs and focus on the real claim. What the claim offers and what conclusion it guarantees. I should get rid of all
ambiguous or emotional sentences that persuaders use and write down this sentence.
"if I do X, then there is a Y percent chance that Z will happen." In our case, if I adopt the common core state standards(CCSS) and if implementation of
CCSS will be successful, students ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
On the other side, since standards will be assessed, it is easy to believe that students will be prepared only for the test. One of the strong sides of the
CCSS is to prepare students for the college education. So, as you can see, it is not so easy to make a good decision but still using the steps makes it
easier than nothing.
2.Trace it.
Who is the owner of the idea, and what other people think about it? It is easy to believe in something when an expert tells it. In education, credentials
mean nothing. I need to research deeper than that. Until internet is searched and I can find the original paper, I do not believe everything.
I would like to answer the following questions:
Where did the CCSS idea came from?
Who found it?
Is it something that classical thing in a new box or is it something promising?
Who are the experts?
CCSS is initiated by the Council of Chief State School Officers(CCSSO) and the National Governors Association(NGO) and approved by American
Federation of Teachers(AFT). It has been accepted by 46 states. Although background and belief is strong for the standards, some states are having
difficulties to adopt it due to financial challenges and professional development. As it is seen, StatePolicy makers agreed to work together and decided
to create rigorous, more challenging standards that can prepare students for the future. With these standards, students will be equipped with the skills
they need to succeed in college. 3.

Dttls Unit 2.1 Continuing Personal and Professional...
Continuing Personal and Professional Development
Task 1:
The role of a teacher has changed considerably over the years in the past the teacher may have been perceived as being the fountain of all knowledge
and the purveyor of information. I would like to think we are still the fountain of all knowledge but the way we deliver our courses has changed
considerably. We no longer stand at the front of the class with rows and rows of learners sitting waiting for us to transmit the information to them.
As a teacher we are now the facilitator of knowledge. Our job is to guide the learners and allow them to take responsibility for there own learning. We
are less likely to have students in rows in front of us and more likely to have ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Then look at each of those parts and think why did it go that way?
Abstract conceptualization is when we come to a decision about what we would do differently next time. The way we would come to a decision is
through further studying or staff development and reading the right literature.
Active experimentation is the conclusion of our abstract conceptualization stage and provides the platform that we can plan our changes. Once we have
administered these changes we can then start the cycle again and have some new concrete experiences.
Kolb also described how Lewin's action research and T–group training in laboratories was influenced by the concept of feedback that was used by
electrical engineers. This feedback process involved concrete experience; observations and reflections; formation of abstract concepts and
generalizations; and testing implications of concepts in new situations . The similarities with Kolb's learning cycle (Beard, Colin; Wilson, John P..
Experiential Learning p.32)
One of the things that first brought my attention to this book was that I was looking for some inspiration on reflective practices in engineering which
is my field and it's for this reason that I discovered this section.
Gibbs Reflective Cycle

Professor Graham Gibbs has came illustrated his six stage cycle of reflection. In order for learning to take place Gibbs believes that the cycle below
must be completed.

Continuous Professional development
Define CPD and analyse its role in professional updating and improvement of practice with particular reference to your own approach to CPD
Continuous professional development (CPD) is a framework of learning and development that ensures a professional's competency, effectiveness,
knowledge, skills and practice are continually kept up to date through 'lifelong learning' strategies and activities.
There is not a fixed CPD standard or structure and a 'one size fits all' process would not work for all professions and individuals who work for
companies with diverse objectives and working practices. The various approaches may have common themes and goals such as setting objectives for
development and charting progress towards them, or ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Formal training may include on–line and CD–ROM based courses or full or part time study leading to qualifications. Development on the other hand
can be more informal and has a broader outlook on learning and may include private study such as reading, observing and reflection.
Structured continual learning is important in any profession because new research and practices may require new knowledge and skills. For example
the QCF Level 6 Diploma in Career Guidance and Development is one example of formal learning that I have considered and want to undertake.
This is for both professional and financial reasons. Professionally it proves a level of academic ability, knowledge and credibility. It is the standard
that many career companies now expect from professionals delivering career guidance in schools. Gaining the qualification should also help me
remain competitive when applying for a job and hopefully keep me within a reasonable pay scale.
Conferences, workshops and seminars also help keep professionals up to date with changes to practice and can be a vehicle for networks to be built
up and experiences shared.
On the job training such staff training, shadowing, secondment, coaching and mentoring all provide excellent provision for professionals to learn new
skills and build up work based knowledge. Professionals may also learn by taking part in working groups or involvement in research projects.
Babcock recognises the benefit of CPD and

Continuing Professional Development Process Analysis
Continuing professional development requires structured processes and individual responsibility to maintain, develop and enhance skills, knowledge
and competence both professionally and personally to improve performance at work and are necessary to meet the challenges of an ever–changing
world. Being an effective educator requires staying up–to–date of the scholarship of teaching and learning as well participating in scholarly activities are
necessary to increase personal and professional knowledge thus the process should benefit the individual, colleagues, students, external sponsors and
clients, and the institution. Coaching, working in committees, development centers, actively participate in distance learning, e learning, project working,

Continuing Professional Development In Australia
Continuing professional development is the way the nurses and midwives manage, enhance and develop their knowledge. It gives them an ability to be
successful. It also helps in developing qualities that are personal and professional that is essential throughout the professional life.
Registration standard: Criminal History Nursing and Midwifery Board Of Australia asks all the applicants, which include nurses and midwives to
submit their criminal history in all countries, including Australia. Australian Health Practitioners Regulation Agency on behalf of the Nursing and
Midwifery Board Of Australia should enquire all applicant's criminals backgrounds at the time of registration process to make sure all nurses and
midwives are appropriate and

Cipd
Assessment 4DEP – Activity A CPD stands for Continuing Professional Development and is a means of supporting people in the workplace to
understand more about the environment in which they work, the job they do and how to do it better. As an initiative, CPD was largely unknown until
at least the 1960s. Professional bodies only started to take systematic steps to ensure their members continue their development on an ongoing basis
within the last ten to fifteen years of the twentieth century. Recognition of the need for CPD is now well–established at least among the majority of
professional bodies. CPD is an ongoing process throughout our working lives. The concept of CPD both generically and within HR is very important
as it can be part of... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Curious This is the need to look at what may happen in the future and finding ways of developing innovative ways to add value to the organisation.
Decisive thinker: This person demonstrates the ability to use knowledge and judgement in order to identify options and make day–to–day decisions. 30
July 2012 Assessment 4DEP– Activity A Skilled influencer: A person who demonstrates this ability shows that they can put forward logical
suggestions, which can in turn influence stakeholders' commitment and support for changes and/or development of new policies. Driven to deliver:
This shows the ability to identify required steps in order to achieve agreed objectives, which will allow the delivery of best results for the organisation.
Collaborative: In demonstrating this ability, you show that you have the ability to get to know people, how they work, what their feelings / beliefs are
etc. – both inside and outside the organisation – and utilise that contact knowledge in the best way to support colleagues and the business. Personally
credible: This behaviour shows that you have the ability to consistently deliver on your promises and commitments, whilst taking responsibility for
your actions. If you demonstrate this, colleagues are more likely to trust your judgement. Courage to challenge: This demonstrates that you have the
courage to speak up, challenge others, or ask

Unit 5 Continuing Professional Development
Unit 5 Continuing Professional and Personal Development In this assignment I will evaluate my own approaches to CPD, weigh up my strengths
and developmental needs in relation to literacy, language and numeracy needs. This will be continued to develop my knowledge by using my own
reflection and the feedback I have received from others. The outcome will be to establish a plan to identify the opportunities I have and want to take
to address my learning needs. During the second part of this assignment I will analyse and compare the relevant theories, principles and models of
reflective practice how these theories and principles can be applied to my own development as an autonomous learner. Identify and engage in CPPD
opportunities and... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Throughout my reflections as previously discussed I have felt under confident and lacked experience which I feel I have developed positively. In
feedback I have received from my tutor and mentor in relation to the course has been positive on the whole. There were highlighted areas for
development such as varying the techniques I use such as pair and group work. This I will try and do but it has been difficult to address as we
have the students for a short about of time and a lot of work to complete. It is something I am trying to work on and will endeavour to achieve
these aspirations in the coming months. The second area of development was given to me by my mentor, it was that I talk very quickly while
heading the class and do not allocate enough time for students to answer my questions. This I think is down to nerves when being observed.
Hopefully with the further experience I have achieved I have slowed myself down for the next observation I have. In planning appropriate
opportunities to address these identified learning needs as been quite difficult as I only have approximately 9 weeks left at work before maternity but
I will maintain to keep focussed and improve in that time. Dependant on being a new mother I will endeavour to complete online courses to ensure I
do not develop skill fade. Question 2 There are many different theories, principles and models designed around CPPD. It has become an important
aspect in and around teaching in recent years

Professional Development Training Framework For Students
Professional Development Training Framework
WRiTE BRAiN offers a vast menu of staff development opportunities for all types of education communities: school day professionals, after school
instructors/facilitators, charter and independent school teachers, community leaders and parents.
Our goal is to provide seamless support on an ongoing basis to ensure the success of WRiTE BRAiN in your school or program. Our educational
services are customized to the needs of your class and students. We offer an innovative, easily implemented curricula and professional development
program to sustain and inspire educators throughout the authoring process.
Our trainings include a hands–on, interactive overview of the WRiTE BRAiN BOOKS program and ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
oWRiTE BRAiN: Creative and Narrative Writing
п‚§Participants will learn how WRiTE BRAiN is designed to engage students in a creative writing process that will ignite excitement about writing and
how as a result, students find their own voices and build their self–esteem. We present over five creative writing activities for participants to take back
into their classrooms.
oWRiTE BRAiN and 21st Century Learning Skills/Project Based Learning
п‚§Participants will learn how the collaborative and self–directed disguised learning process is a gateway to career and college readiness skills. We will
share how students who participate in the WRiTE BRAiN program become stronger communicators and collaborators and better critical and analytical
thinkers. Furthermore, we will share how students build more confidence in their personal and academic lives.
oWRiTE BRAiN and Family/Community Engagement
п‚§In this session, we reveal how other schools are creating family and community events with WRiTE BRAiN BOOKS. In a guided brainstorming
session, we will help participants create which planned events and engagement activities suit their communities best.
oWRiTE BRAiN and Common Core or your State Standards
п‚§We are aligned with everything! If your state is aligning with the Common Core or otherwise, this training will help participants understand how
WRiTE BRAiN is naturally aligned with any ELA standard in the

Current Diversity Programs : Aicpa Initiatives Committee (...
CURRENT DIVERSITY PROGRAMS
AICPA Initiatives The AICPA formally launched a national program to integrate the accounting profession in 1969 by establishing the Minority
Initiatives Committee (MIC). The MIC was chartered to assist underrepresented minorities in becoming CPAs by:
Encouraging talented individuals to attend college and major in accounting.
Provide educational opportunities to prepare minorities to enter the profession.
Encourage hiring of minorities in order to integrate the profession in fact as well as ideal.
Under the committee's guidance, the number of minority CPAs increased from 150 to 1,000 by 1979. (CPAs of Color) Since then, the MIC has
continued to make great strides to proactively address the needs of minorities in the profession by implementing scholarships, fellowships, leadership
conferences, and other campaigns. In 2009, the MIC celebrated 40 years of a continued commitment to assisting minorities, however, it recognized
that there is still much more work to be done in order to have a completely diverse profession. In 1989, the AICPA recognized a need for not only
ethnic diversity but also gender diversity. Stemming from the Upward Mobility of Women Task Force, the AICPA's Women's Initiatives Executive
Committee (WEIC) was formed in order to promote opportunities within the accounting profession for women. The WEIC serves to raise awareness of
the gap in progress of women in becoming leaders throughout the profession by providing

Understand Professional Supervision Essay
| |[pic] | |Candidate Performance Evidence Record | | NVQ Title and Level: QCF Diploma Level 5 |ASSESSMENT REPORT | | | |Unit 532:
Understanding professional supervision practice... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
When they | |reach the final stage they have obtained the knowledge and experience to become a supervisor themselves and take responsibility for
their own future | |growth. | | | |Intergrated Models rely on more than one theory and technique and were designed to be employed with multiple
therapeutic orientations. Two intergrated| |models of supervision are Bernard's Discrinimation model and Holloway's Systems approach. | | |
|Bernard's Discrimination Model has three supervisory roles Teacher, councillor, and consultant and has three areas of focus for skill building, |
|process, conceptualisation and personalisation. The supervisor is in one role and one focus at a time and can therefore respond in one of nine ways. |
|Supervisors all have personal habits which lean towards some of the roles or focus's must choose the interaction required for the supervisees learning|

The Importance Of Human Resources Leadership : Being A...
The Importance of Human Resources Leadership Being a district that is unable to offer salary and fringe benefits comparable to surrounding districts
makes it very challenging to hire quality staff with experience. Some disciplines are easier to staff, such as history and English, than other hard to staff
areas, such as mathematics. In order to fill the current vacancies, the superintendent and principal should actively recruit area colleges for newly
certified teachers. The superintendent and principal could also attempt to hire staff away from neighboring school districts by offering fringe benefits.
Without knowing specifics relating to this school or district, it is difficult to suggest fringe benefits to pitch, but opportunity to... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
It is also key for administrators to understand that staff need to be given ample opportunity and time to correct those deficiencies. Termination of
staff should be a last option after all other options have been exhausted. A strong staff development program should be designed by a committee
consisting of administration and select teachers who excel during evaluations. Staff development programs should begin with understanding of the
goals and objectives of the school and the district, followed by a needs assessment based on which goals and objectives are not being met. Once
those needs are identified then incorporating classroom teachers who excel in areas of need to help develop programs. Then the programs will need
to be implemented, followed closely by program evaluation. Staff development should be reviewed yearly as the needs of the district and schools may
change from year to year.
Ethical Use of Power in Educational Leadership The new principal seems to be exercising a form of laissez–faire leadership style. She has turned over
the leadership to the faculty and staff whom are not in the habit of making decisions. There seems to be some criticism coming from the community
with little to no response from the new principal. The difference in leadership styles would indicate that the old principal was very ethical in the use of
his power, but was borderline unethical

Evaluate Continuing Professional Development
Continuing Professional Development (CPD) describes the cycle of ongoing development of knowledge, skills and behaviours for an individual in a
professional capacity. CPD begins with reflecting on one's current abilities, identifying any areas that need to be enhanced or any skill gaps, and setting
development objectives. This is followed by planning which involves evaluating different learning activities to decide the most suitable option, and
then the action of undertaking educational activities. Finally an evaluation of whether the learning objectives have been achieved takes place, this may
highlight a further development need and continues the CPD cycle. The CPD process involves creating a record of learning accomplishments which
shows

Effectiveness Of Reading Comprehension Strategies
This paper focuses on two major concerns: the effectiveness of reading comprehension strategies and the effectiveness of professional development.
There has been a great amount of study and writing on both topics. In addition to these subtopics, the topic of reading inventories will also be explored
with regards to the Scholastic Reading Inventory and the use of these tools in evaluating comprehension in reading.
Reading comprehension strategies. Throughout the history of reading education, there has been extensive research on phonological awareness and
phonics. More recently, educational theorists have also recognized and researched the need for instructing students in the use of comprehension
strategies in reading (Muspratt, Luke, & Freebody, 1997). Block, Gambrell, and Pressley (2002) state "The message is clear – the most important thing
about reading is comprehension" (p. 3)
Reading comprehension is the process of "acquiring meaning from written text"( Block, Gambrell, & Pressley, 2002, p. 4) and "is an interactive process
involving the reader, the text, and the context" (p. 5). While there are many ideas on the most effective way to teach comprehension skills, most agree
on a few basic skills that students should know. Keene and Zimmerman (1997) identify 7 key comprehension strategies: making connections,
visualizing, questioning, inferring, synthesis, problem solving, and deciding what is important. Making connections involves the use of the reader's
schema,

The Flipped Classroom Model Of Instruction
The use of the flipped classroom model of instruction is gaining attention among instructors and professors at the college and university level (Aronson,
Arfstrom, & Tam, 2013). Currently, the amount of rigorous, empirical research on the effectiveness of the Flipped Learning model is limited, but
growing. As a relatively new model of instruction, it has been found to have a positive impact on important student outcomes, including achievement
and engagement (Ferreri & O 'Connor, 2013). Flipped classroom is another model of learner–centered teaching. A flipped classroom is a pedagogical
approach in which direct instruction moves from the group learning space to the individual learning space, and the resulting group space is transformed
... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Their findings presented the results of a large, Architectural Engineering course with an enrollment of 95, approximately 80 percent were male, with
less than 10 percent minority representation. The normal lecture process consisted of two, 50–minute lecture periods and one, 110 minute practicum,
weekly. Instead of using this approach, the instructor applied the flipped classroom approach. The instructor posted video records of lecture materials
to iTunesU and students viewed the lectures and supplemental content prior to the class. This allowed the students to be exposed to theory–based
content outside of class time. Because of this approach, there was more time for in–class problem–solving and increased teacher–student interaction. At
end of the course, assessment data was collected to examine students' use of the video lectures and perceptions of the flipped classroom. A total of 77
students completed the Course Survey 1, and provided consent for their data to be used for research purposes. The majority of the students (74%) felt
that the flipped classes were helpful to their understanding of the concepts. An additional 24 percent felt that the flipped classes were somewhat
helpful. A total of 75.3 percent of the students agreed, or strongly agreed, that the additional time spent problem–solving in class improved their
understanding of the estimating methods. Students perceived the method of teaching as more effective than lecturing,

Reflecting on an E-learning Staff Training Event that I...
Introduction The primary focus of this paper is to reflect on an E–learning staff development training event that I observed for the last six years as a
participant. The E–learning training utilized the same method and the same material during this time. The staff development training is an annual
requirement for teachers to complete before the beginning of each school year. This training was mandatory and supported the concept of safe schools.
The objective of the training was highlighted, which is to ensure each teacher successful complete the training to support state laws and requirements
for the safety of students in public schools. This training is used to substitute for classroom training on those subjects that... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
A lack of motivation results directly from previous experience with the training, since the training has not changed over the last six years. The
information presented did have graph and pictures but designed in a clipart format with cartoonish characters suited for participants in a younger age
group. The questions are the same one and in the same sequence. The content lacks creativity and depth. Critical thinking skills also do not appear to
be important to the creator of this course. I have taken the exams for the course without having to complete the individual modules. This is a problem
since I am sure there have been changes about how to handle safety issue in the school and classroom environment. The professional development of
teachers should be an important objective for school administrators, since teachers affect student lives daily. Understandably, teachers are required to
receive formal training and certification, based primarily on subject matter content, communication skills, classroom management abilities, and student
interaction. An important consideration is the professional development training that teachers receive and the method used to deliver the training. Of
course, there is the traditional face–to–face method, but with organizations, seeking ways to reduce training cost and travel expenses technology is an
effective alternative for training. Technology implementation increased to reach the needs of teacher

The Importance Of Lifelong Learning ( Lll ) And Continuing...
This essay will discuss the significance of Lifelong Learning (LLL) and Continuing Professional Development (CPD) in relation to adult nursing. It
has been suggested that LLL is too difficult to define, however it has been suggested that it is participated throughout life. It is important to discuss
LLL, as it has many benefits within the healthcare system, as well as everyday life. This essay will explore reflection as a skill important to adult nurses,
as this is vital in order to evaluate their own learning, which can encourage improvement of LLL. Reflection in action and on action can also influence
the successful outcome of LLL. The attribute chosen to discuss will be self–motivation, due to the fact that this can lead to more ... Show more content
on Helpwriting.net ...
Laal (2011) has put forward that in modern contexts, LLL is used in everyday life, including classroom settings, in employment, with the family, and in
wider society. This is important in order to make CPD an easier task, as there are many different settings that utilise LLL.
CPD is vital in the field of adult nursing, as healthcare is frequently being modified and amended. This is due to many factors, such as changes of
policies, which results in changes to the way adult nurses care for patients (Narayanasamy and Narayanasamy 2007). The purpose of these policies
is to ensure patients are being cared for in a safe environment. Additionally, nurses are required to keep up to date with amended procedures in order
to ensure patients are receiving safe and effective treatment (Eason 2010). This is vital in order to ensure patient safety and efficient treatment, not
only for the benefit of the patient but also because nurses are responsible for issues arising with a patient's care, and are potentially liable for mistakes
arising from incorrect procedure. LLL is also imperative in order to meet the requirements of the Nursing and Midwifery Council (NMC), as without
which the adult nurse would be removed from the register. These requirements are put into place in order to ensure that the patients are as safe as
possible in their environment. Adult nurses are also required to keep up with important advances within the NHS (Narayanasamy and Narayanasamy
2007), such

Cpd Essay
LITERATURE REVIEW Student's Name: Institution: Literature Review Introduction Healthcare professionals have continuously used the term
continuing professional development CPD. The term has evolved from simpler terms of continuing dental education (CDE), continuing education (CE)
and continuing medical education (CME).Even though the terms are still being interchangeably used, the wider term CPD acknowledges the inclusion
of subjects that go beyond health care topics such as social, personal and managerial skills. It also recognizes the context of multidisciplinary nature of
practice and the competencies required to ensure high quality health care. Through this process, healthcare professionals can update themselves through
a... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The GDC insisted that within the duration of five year, every DCP should offer evidence of compliance with the respective mandate and ensure it
completes a legal minimum of at least 150 hours of the required CPD. The 50 hours must be verified through certification and must include the major
subjects of disinfection, radiography, contamination and emergencies. Specific to healthcare rationale is that effective regulation promotes positive
health outcomes. The purpose of mandatory CPD and professional regulation is twofold: The first one is to ensure the safety, welfare and health of
patients and the second one is to protect the public from any potential

Mandatory Continuing Professional Development ( Cpd ) For...
Mandatory Continuing Professional Development (CPD) for professional engineers in Ontario has been an issue subject to controversy over the years.
The controversy surrounding the issue is due in part to the complications of introducing such a program, and the fact that "Professional Engineers
Ontario (PEO) is the only professional engineering association in Canada that does not have a CPD program [1]." The debate regarding CPD for
professional engineers in Ontario is pertinent because the resolution has been ongoing since September of 2013, and is up for approval in the
upcoming February 2016 PEO council meeting [2]. Therefore, it is important that the CPD debate is resolved and a consensus is reached. Mandatory
CPD is a concept to which professionals are required and encouraged to maintain and enhance their knowledge throughout their careers to provide a
standard of competence to those practicing [3]. The goal of CPD is to be "proactive in regulating the profession...rather than (reactively)...punishing
license holders for practice failures [1]." Introducing a CPD program will ensure public safety, "contribute to a reduction in risk for the public and
individual practitioner", and "push the profession to higher levels of skills and knowledge" [1]. As a result, the professional engineers of Ontario
should engage in mandatory CPD to ensure the continued competency of those practicing and the safety of the public. The proactive nature of a CPD
program may prevent failures

Continuing Professional Development Project
CONTINUING PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT
In my continuing professional development I have taken training, attended and presented seminars and done projects during my academic and
professional career.
Projects that I have presented during my work career are:
пѓ Organized a automation showcase for demonstration of the automation developed across the teams in the 787 project
пѓ Elimination of the errors by atomizing the current process and improving the equality
пѓ Defining the process for the floor mounted stowage and the attendant module.
пѓ Atomizing the process for improving the quality in the emergency equipment installation.
пѓ Building of the lavatory monument for the JAMCO customer.
пѓ Modifying the C clamp for meeting the current standard as ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
CE1.1] We were a group of 8 people assigned for this project. My project guide was Mr.A.S.Rao, Associate Professor, Department of Mechanical
Engineering Muffakham Jah College of Engineering & Technology; Hyderabad, India .Our project topic was Building of BAJA Vehicle
CE1.2] Since this was a group project we distributed the tasks according to each of our best capabilities. Everyone has done an extensive literature
survey and have classified the various tasks and allotted among ourselves. I have taken up the fuel tank building and installation, welding of the
skeleton and the Braking system of the vehicle.
B] BACKGROUND:
CE1.3] Baja SAE is an intercollegiate engineering design competition for undergraduate and graduate engineering students. The object of the
competition is to simulate real–world engineering design projects and their related challenges. Each team is competing to have its design accepted for
manufacture by a fictitious firm. The students must function as a team to design, build, test, promote and build a vehicle within the limits of the rules,
also to generate financial support for their project and manage their educational

вЂ Continuing Personal and Professional DevelopmentвЂ™ Essay
'Continuing Personal and Professional Development' By Stefan Goodheir Tutor: Audrey Morrison Course:Diploma in Teaching in the Life Long
Learning Sector. Unit:005 Continuing Personal and Professional Development Date:26/11/09 Word count:2500 Front
Page..............................................................1 Assignment Details ..................................................2 Contents .................................................................3
Task 1...................................................................4 ...............................................................................5 Task 2...................................................................6
..............................................................................7 Task 3.....................................................................8 ............................................................................9
..............................................................................10... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The majority of the teaching I a do is to 16–19 year olds although I have taught adults in the past. It is a more reciprocally rewarding experience
teaching motivated learners. I would like to move into teaching in a prison or in another environment that enables disadvantaged individuals to
improve their lives. I am subject to continual observation by my peers, my tutors and sometimes outside agencies such as OFSTED. One of these
Ofsted visits has highlighted the need for me to qualify to level 3 in Carpentry. I will therefore have to achieve this, or at least be working towards
it, this year. I have put in several requests for extra help for those who have need of learning assistance over the last two years that I have worked
for Milton Keynes College. This has sometimes been found wanting in my opinion. We have excellent assistants just not enough of them. After
feedback from my peer observation and my students in know I am not the only one who feels this way. I will chase this issue this year. I enclose
two peer observation records, one graded and one supportive (see Appendix A). I also ask my students for feedback on their classroom experience.
This is done using the college 'Conversation Record' paperwork. I have included three of these in Appendix B. My employer facilitates in house
professional development. There is a record of these training sessions in Appendix

Definition Of Planning Professional Development
Introduction This paper explores the concept of planning professional development to meet the needs of special education students by examining
articles from scholarly journals in the special educational world, psychology in schools, and a case study. Even though teachers are given training on
the importance of following a student's Individualized Educational Program (IEP), there seems to be a gap in training when it comes to the level of
instruction that special education students actually receive in the classroom. In analyzing the Texas Academic Performance Report for Timber Creek
High School, there might be reason to believe that simply following a student's IEP might not be enough to ensure the academic success of special
education students as defined by results from the State of Texas Assessment of Academic Readiness (STAAR) exam. Far too often, special education
students are passed through the system out of fear of litigation yet their test scores reveal that we as educators can and must do better. After reviewing
Timber Creek's Texas Academic Performance Report (TAPR), I became interested in examining theprofessional development opportunities available to
educators that focus on how to enhance their current teaching strategies in regards to how they modify their lessons and assignments for their special
education students. In my search, it became apparent that beyond initial training or information swapping about the necessary modifications a student
needs,

Continuing Professional Development Essay
Rationale (488)
I am a pre–five nursery officer and have been qualified for 11 years. I am currently employed by the local authority and work in a pre–five nursery
class. I have previously been employed by a private day centre, where I began as a nursery officer and progressed to deputy manager. I was in this role
for 2 years, and in this time I gained my SVQ level 4 award. Working towards and gaining my BA in childhood Practice was the next step in my
academic learning journey.
Why I am working towards my degree
At present I am not currently in a leadership role within my establishment, I have been offered a temporary senior role commencing in August 2016.
As previously mentioned, I have previously carried out a lead practitioner's role. I ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
My aim of developing this area is to undertake training to ensure I am up to date with recent programs and guidance in my establishment. This may
include recent guidance implemented in my establishment is setting the table (??) look at me I'm nearly three (??) and ?? The benefits accrued
from further developing my CPD would be the opportunity for me to extend my theory base on a variety of subjects. Therefore, it will benefit the
children in my establishment as I will have the confidence and knowledge to successfully implement new guidance and programs into my
establishment. This will benefit my establishment as a whole as it gives me the opportunity to ensure service users are receiving the best support
and high quality experiences. Furthermore, CPD gives me the opportunity to reflect on my strengths and weaknesses as a practitioner, through
reflection I am able to plan my training to improve practice. The SSSC (2015) codes of conduct state that it is essential that I undertake a minimum
of 90 hours of CPD every 3 years (SSSC, 2015). I must also ensure I continually evaluate and update my CPD records as this is a regulation set out by
the SSSC (SSSC,

Professional Nursing Practice Essay
Professional nursing practice is a commitment to strong ethical values, compassion, caring with continuous development of self and others,
demonstrating a spirit of collaboration and flexibility with accountability and responsibility for insightful practice. Professional practice ensures
midwives and nurses uphold excellence in their care delivery, continuously demonstrating and assessing their practice, it emphases on nursing and
midwifery principles, rule, authority, management, guideline, and legislation. The vital purpose of professional practice in nursing and midwifery is to
provide care with compassion and kindness that achieves preeminent clinical results for their patients (Baumann et al. 2001). However, professional
practice in nursing to my understanding means nurses being knowledgeable in their profession; working... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Competence to practice is dependent upon acquisition and maintenance of specific nursing knowledge and skills, and can be linked to individual
behaviours and abilities.
Continuing Professional development is a career long process of professional growth of nurses through the development and maintenance of continued
competence within both generalist and specialist areas of practice. CPD can be stimulated by reflection or experience and other learning which may
occur in a variety of ways including, but not limited to, formal award education programs.
Continuing professional development can be comprised of planned and organised learning activities beyond pre–registration education programs. In
order to enhance the practice of nursing by both the individual and the profession, these activities should be diverse, promote reflective practice by the
nurse, and improve and extend professional competence.

Continuing Professional Development In Australia
In all professions maintaining and developing new skills is vital and some of these professions may require maintaining and developing skills more
than others. Continuing professional development means professionals in all job areas are required to improve and develop new skills, expand their
knowledge of information suitable to their profession. (Nursing and Midwifery Board of Australia, 2016). It is important to keep up to date with new
information and skills in all professions in order to achieve set goals and specific tasks given each day. Continuing professional development also
improves and increases employability (CPA Australia, 2016). Continuing professional development is important because if a professional is not
keeping up to date... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
For healthcare professionals it is important to have a portfolio and it is very important to keep it updated. Portfolios can be used for annual
appraisals with an employer or can be used in preparation for a new job (Jasper, Elliot, & Koubel, 2011). Portfolios can be used as evidence of
continuing professional development as it can hold important documents like certificates of completions for activities an individual has attended, show
evidence of self directed learning, show evidence of the professionals continuing professional development documentation history, learning outcomes,
personal development plans and superiors or prospective employers are able to see if the individual is up to date with all requirements (Jasper, Elliot,
& Koubel,

Case Study of the Nu Moorish International Group
The Nu Moorish International Group Of Science and Development Mir No.10 Non–Profit Organizational Charter The Nu Moorish International Group
of Science and Development Mir No.10 is here to improve the development Of humanity, we aim to educate and uplift our present condition and
restore consciousness to a higher level our values consist of honesty integrity and loyalty. All of these values will be used to ascend and enhance and
build confidence. Each of these values wills foundation. Leadership is essential and key to promote growth within our congregation the foundation will
be embarking on principles that will encourage higher learning and establish discipline for a learning environment manifest great minds that produce
great... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
at a global level. This encompasses the ongoing expansion of knowledge about how and why Science and Development produces positive results; the
continuous creation of resources – theoretical and practical – and sharing of best practices. Critical to this endeavor is the integration of all Leadership
in dialogue, research and debate, to contribute to the growing success of teaching solutions in Science and Development. Scope: As implied in the
name, The Nu Moorish International Group of Science and Development is National and international in scope. This organization intends to serve
Constituencies located throughout the world. Given this fundamental intention, The Moorish International Group Of Science and Development shall
be mindful of the differing languages, values and customs of these constituencies, as well as taking into account the logistics of time, space and finance
that often impair equitable participation of various constituencies in international consortia of this type. Diversity of perspectives and cultural views is
both respected and promoted in The Moorish International Group of Science and Development. Young Leadership: In seeking to examine, promote,
and advance the success of Teaching and coaching in an organizational setting, the national and International Consortium for Coaching in Organizations
is intended as a forum for all people involved in coaching in organizations: the organizational users of

Continuing Professional Development Essay
Continuing Professional Development (CPD) is a method of constant learning, for all individuals and teams which meet the demands of patients and
distributes the health sequels and healthcare prerogatives of the NHS and which allows professionals to extend and bring to completion their potential
(ST Patricks college, 2017).
CPD is important because it guarantees that the individual continues to be efficient in the workplace, it guarantees that ongoing learning is advanced in
an organised, reasonable and appropriate way to ensure that there are used and efficiencies in learning. CPD acknowledges individuals to core on what
particular knowledge and ability they need over a period, in order to be certain, there is a recognisable amelioration within their competence and skill
sets.
CPD is a sphere of activities which participates in an individual's development one of which is CE (continuing Education), the expression CE attributes
to traditional methods of learning equivalent to study days, postgraduate courses for example; diploma, organised reading etc. These techniques of
learning are still probable to attribute within the individuals CPD. CPD is more comprehensive and beholds the individual's long–term growth, not just
short–term ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
It supplies evidence for job search; many employers are currently searching for CPD in a job application. It ameliorates individual's performance in
their present workplace; CPD allows the individual to be on point with new analysis, electronics, techniques, proof, new ways of working and new
companies. Proof of growth for Personal Development Reviews (PDR). It helps the individual to meet the KSF (knowledge and Skills Framework)
plan for individuals work. It enlarges the individual's limit of volume to learn and ameliorates the individual's knowledge and confidence to answer
assuredly to

Continuing Professional Development
Encouraging professional development for new and veteran teachers is very important for multiple reasons. Often times, new teachers still need time
to become better acquainted with teaching in the classroom. On the opposite side, veteran teachers need to know what is current in education that can
be implemented in their classroom. Professional development programs like mentorships, professional development plans, and continued
development are important programs to have in place for teachers. For these programs to be successful and provide the support and development that
a teacher needs, they have to be quality programs. Just as students and children have different ways that they learn, so do teachers and adults.
Programs that will provide the development in teachers that is vital for their teaching will take this into consideration. Mentorships can be great for
both new teachers and veteran teachers because each can learn from one another. New teachers should be paired with good veteran teachers so that
they have a chance to really learn. These have to be caring, dedicated, organized, and successful teachers for the new teachers to really learn from
them. Through these pairings, new teachers will find comfort while they struggle at times in knowing that they are not alone. They will also gain great
wisdom from those who have been in... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
This is also a great way to collaborate with others and overcome challenges while working within a supportive environment. A professional
development plan can be a career–long plan that, as a teacher or administrator, will be a constant place for teachers to ensure they are going along the
path they want to be on

Nurse Retention And Retention
Many organizations have realized the key to their effectiveness lies in their ability to recruit and retain capable nurses. Retention is a process that
should be started before a nurse is hired and needs to be continued until the nurse resigns.
Renewed attention has been directed at retention of nurses in a multigenerational workforce over the past 10 to 20 years (Palumbo et al., 2009). The
turnover rate of a new graduate ranges from 22.6% to 60% in the first year (Mills & Mullins, 2008; Van Wyngeeren & Stuart, n.d.), the average age of
the nurse is 45 years, and nurses begin to phase into retirement beginning at age 55 years.
In light of these facts, it is little wonder that nursing has begun to focus attention on expandВ¬ing retention programs beyond the promotion of job
satisfaction, safety, respect, and financial security plans, and gain sharing (Palumbo et al., 2009) to the development of infrastructure services that meet
the diverse needs of current employees. ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Today more than ever it is imperative that nurses and other health care workers experience a sense of community in the workplace because many
spend more time at work than at any other single place.
General strategies commonly used for nurse retention of new and experienced nurses are identified in Box 20–2. According to a study conducted by
Palumbo and colleagues (2009), although common retention expectaВ¬tions have been identified as important to nurses of all ages, several difference
were noted related to the perceived significance of various retention strategies reported by generational groups (Box

Sample Resume : Early Childhood Development
Date: 8/3/2015 Employee Name: Herleen V. Pickrom Education Credential: Master of Science Position Title: Early Childhood Development Teacher
In accordance with Section 648A Staff Qualifications and Development of the Head Start Act, "each Head Start agency and program shall create, in
consultation with each employee, a professional development plan. This plan shall include all employees who provide direct services to children and
shall ensure that such plans are regularly evaluated for their impact on teacher and staff effectiveness."
1. What is my plan for achieving the educational requirements of my position as specified in Section 648A. (a) Classroom Teachers (2) Degree
requirements? (The plan must include number of hours per semester to include summer sessions you will take to meet the requirement – The
performance measure is the number of hours projected and actual hours successfully completed) My plan is to obtain a position within the
administration, management and leadership to be successful for achieving the education requirements that are set to create, in consultation with each
employee, a professional development plan. In addition, to strengthen the children and families to obtain a healthy, educational and safe environment in
order to reach their individual goals.
2. What are my performance objectives for accomplishing the program goals specific to the program content area as outlined in my job description?
(The objectives should be stated as

Essay about Strategic Plan for A Chronically...
Introduction
"Traditionally, the low– performing label has been applied with a broad brush to "bad" schools having a wide range of perceived deficiencies: low
academic expectations and achievement, high dropout rates, lack of discipline, inadequate facilities, and demoralized staff" (Lashway, 2003). The
federal government with the indoctrination of No Child Left Behind (NCLB) provided an official definition of chronically low performing schools.
The definition consist of schools that have not met their Annual Yearly Progress (AYP) in reading and math over a four year period. The newly
defined classification of a chronically low performing school would demonstrate low academic achievement in reading and math with no growth on
annually ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Organizations need ideas, energy, and talent; people need careers, salaries, and opportunities. Political– views organization as a complex web of
individual and group interests. Symbolic– embodies and express an organizations culture: the interwoven pattern of beliefs, values, practices, and
artifacts that define for members who they are and how they are to do things (Bolman & Deal, 2003). The leadership component concentrates on the
principals' role in executing the strategic plan. Phase I (symbolic) will focus on a needs assessment of the school. Phase II (structural) aligns the
planning and development around the needs of the school. Phase III (human resource) covers the implementation of the areas covered in the planning
and development stage. Phase IV (political) is centered on the accountability component. Leadership
Leadership is vital to the effectiveness of a school. James Burns, the founder of modern leadership theory discusses the ideal of transformational
leadership. Transformational leaders form "a relationship of mutual stimulation and elevation that converts followers into leaders and leaders into moral
agents" (Burns, 1978, p. 4). Four factors characterize the behavior of transformational leaders: individual consideration, intellectual stimulation,
inspirational motivation, and idealized influence (Bass, 1985). Individual consideration characterized by

Continuing Professional Development
Today continuing professional development in nursing has become essential in ab environment with changes in technology, increased morbidity, aging
population. APHRA defines Continuing professional development (CPD) is how health practitioners maintain, improve and broaden their knowledge,
expertise and competence, and develop the personal and professional qualities required throughout their professional lives. Aphra defines cpd is to help
health professionals to maintain, improve and broaden their knowledge and expertise so as to provide high quality care. Under the national law, which
governs the operations of the national boards and aphra, all registered health practioners must undertake cpd Nursing and midwifery board of Australia
(NMBA,2010) defines continuing professional development as the means by... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
With a greater responsibility and scope of practice cpd is essential and beneficial for a registered nurse. If we look back at earlier days of nursing and
one of our most well–known nurses Florence Nightingale and her Notes on nursing emphasis that nurses must constantly seek knowledge and be aware
of new advancements. That to provide patients with the best quality care is something that nurses must strive for through continuous learning.(founder
of modern nursing) she improved sanitary conditions reducing death rate of soldiers by two thirds. Dedicated the rest of her life in Changing medical
care. In 1860 founded the nightingale training school which improved hospitals and the greater community at large As well as continuing professional
development being compulsory to be a registered working nurse other reasons include development of your skills and knowledge as a nurse keeping
abreast of latest technologies and scientific changes in the health care

Theory And Practice Of Supervision
Theory and practice of supervision
Supervision theories and practices began emerging as soon as counsellors started to train other counsellors (Bernard & Goodyear, 2009). Several
different theoretical models have developed to clarify and support counselling supervision. The focus of early models of supervision had generally been
based on counselling theories (such as Cognitive Behavioural Therapy, Adlerian or client–centred), but these orientation–specific models have begun to
be challenged as supervision has many characteristics that are different to counselling. Competency as a counsellor does not automatically translate
into competency as a supervisor, and when supervisee/supervisor orientations differ, conflicts may arise (Falender &... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
A range of different models have evolved to provide a framework for these topics within which supervisors of can organize their approaches to
supervision, and act as an aid to understanding reality (Powell, 1993).
Agency Model of Supervision – Kadushin
Kadushin describes a supervisor as someone "to whom authority is delegated to direct, coordinate, enhance, and evaluate on–the–job performance of
the supervisees for whose work he/she is held accountable. In implementing this responsibility, the supervisor performs administrative, educational, and
supportive functions in interaction with the supervisee in the context of a positive relationship" (Powell, 1993).
In educational supervision the primary issue for Kadushin is the counsellor knowing how to perform their job well and to be accountable for work
performed, and developing skills through learning and feedback. The object is to increase understanding and improve skill levels by encouraging
reflection on, and exploration of the work (Tsui, 2005).
In supportive supervision the primary issue is counsellor morale and job satisfaction, as well as dealing with stress. The stresses and pressures of the
coaching role can affect work performance and take its toll psychologically and physically. In extreme and prolonged situations these may ultimately
lead to burnout. The supervisor 's role is to help the counsellor manage that stress more

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