2. Introduction and Literature Survey
Motivation and Objective
Synthesis of polyethylene glycol/poly(acrylic acid-co-N-vinylpyrrolidone)
composite hydrogel for controlled release of drug
Results and Discussion
Conclusion
Future plan
References
Acknowledgement
Outline
3. Three-dimensional networks of hydrophilic polymer chains that
do not dissolve but can swell in water
High biocompatibility
Environmental stimuli responding
(temperature, pH, light, specific molecules)
Mechanically strong
Capable of achieving high drug loading
Simple to administer and remove
Free of leachable impurities
Easy to fabricate and sterilize
Introduction
Hydrogels
4. 1894
• First coined the term hydrogel by van Bemmelen
1958
• PVA hydrogels via gamma irradiation by Danno
1960
• P(HEMA) gel for biological use by Wichterle & Lim
1968
• Poly(NIPAM) solution displaying temp. dependent phase transition By Heskins & coworkers
1990
• PNIPAM hydrogel via redox initiated polymerization by Otake & Inomata
1995
• Natural-synthetic hybrid hydrogels by Cascone et al.
1997
• Temperature responsive PEG-PLA hydrogels by Jeong et al.
2001
• PEG hydrogels via Michael addition by Elbert et al.
2006
• PEG hydrogels via click chemistry by Ossipov et al.
Literature Reviews
5. 2010
•Age of smart hydrogels begins with hybrid fillers
2010
•Graphene oxide/PVA hydrogels for controlled release by Bai et al.
2012
•Drug delivery from PHPMC matrix by Peppas et al.
2014
•pH-responsive poly(itaconic acid-co-vinylpyrrolidone) hydrogel by Peppas et al.
2016
•Shape memory acrylamide-DNA hydrogel by Hu et al.
Cond…
J. Mat. Chem. B, 3.18, 2015, 3654-3676.
6. 6
Drug delivery, scaffolds, food preservation, biosensors
Study cell and tissue physiology
Large water content and rubbery consistency makes hydrogels great
mimics for living tissue
Scope and motivations
9 December 2016
Scope and motivations
Aim is to develop a high swelling hydrogel based on Poly(AA-co-NVP)
copolymer hydrogel which is a vehicle for drug release in controlled
fashion.
Sequential semi-IPN based on this polymer can enhance gel strength
and better swelling in psychological pH.
Developing hydrogel with withstanding drastic pH fluctuations.
7. Sustained release:
Any dosage form that provides medication over an extended
time
Timed release, prolonged release etc.
Controlled release:
Denotes that the system is able to provide some actual
therapeutic control, whether this be of a temporal nature,
spatial nature, or both
Terminology
8. With traditional administration, the
drug active must remain between a
maximum blood level value which may
represent a toxic level and a minimum
value below which the drug is no longer
effective
With controlled administration, the
blood levels are constant between
the desired maximum and
minimum for an extended period
of time
Traditional vs. Controlled Release Drug Dosing
9. Origin Natural
Synthetic
Water content or degree of swelling Low swelling
Medium swelling
High swelling
Superabsorbent
Porosity Nonporous
Microporous
Macroporous
Superporous
Cross-linking Chemical (covalent bonding)
Physical (non-covalent bonding)
Biodegradability Biodegradable
Nondegradable
Classification of hydrogels on account of various criteria
11. Polymerization of water soluble monomers in the presence of bi-
or multifunctional cross-linking agent
+
Monomer Crosslinker
Vinyl group-containing water-soluble polymers
Hydrogel network
or
Chemical crosslinking
Hydrogel Fabrication
119 December 2016
12. One self-made study: Reaction Scheme for hydrogel preparation
Ref: Ganguly, Sayan, and Narayan C. Das. "Synthesis of a novel pH responsive phyllosilicate loaded polymeric hydrogel based on poly (acrylic acid-co-N-
vinylpyrrolidone) and polyethylene glycol for drug delivery: modelling and kinetics study for the sustained release of an antibiotic drug." RSC
Advances 5.24 (2015): 18312-18327.
13. XRD and SEM study
9 December 2016 13
XRD of pristine PEG and hydrogel
SEM image
of porous structure
of hydrogel
SEM image of
Filler loaded
hydrogel
22. x
x
H2C C
CH3
C O
O-
H2C C
CH3
-OOC
Complexation and pH responsive hydrogels
H2C C
CH3
C O
H2C C
CH3
HOOCHO
23. Drug release and Peppas model
𝑭 𝑫 =
𝒎 𝑫𝒕
𝒎 𝑫𝒆
= 𝑲 𝑲𝑷 𝒕 𝒏
mDt amount of drug released at time t
mDe are and infinity (at equilibrium)
KKP = Peppas constant
n = drug release exponent
n
0.5
1.0
0.5 – 1.0
Case I
Anomalous
transport
Case II
9 December 2016 23