The lungs have a conical shape with a rounded apex and broad base. They have two surfaces - a costal surface in contact with the rib cage and a mediastinal surface against the mediastinum. The right lung is heavier with three lobes divided by fissures, while the left lung is lighter with two lobes and a cardiac notch. Both lungs receive arterial blood from the pulmonary arteries and drain venous blood through the pulmonary veins. They are surrounded and protected by the pleura, a smooth membrane covering the lungs and lining the thoracic wall.
3. The lungs are the vital organs of respiration. Their
main function is to oxygenate the blood by bringing
inspired air into close relation with the venous blood
in the pulmonary capillaries. During life the lungs are
soft, elastic and spongy.
4.
5.
6. The shape of each lung is conical with a rounded apex
and a broad base
7. Lungs
◦ have 2 surfaces
costal
(convex).
● Costal surfaces: anterior,
lateral, and posterior aspects of the
lung in contact with the costal
elements of the internal thoracic
cage
18. Groove for
subclavian artery
Groove for
brachiocephalic
vein
Area for
trachea
Area for
esophagus
Groove for
azygus vein
Groove for
esophagus
Groove for
inferior vena
cava
Cardiac
impression
Area for thymus
Groove for superior
vena cava
RIGHT
LUNG
20. ◦ THE RIGHT LUNG
◦ heavier than the left lung, but is
shorter and wider
◦ It has three lobes:
◦ Superior or upper
◦ Middle
◦ Inferior or lower
◦ It is divided into upper, middle, and
lower lobes by the oblique and
horizontal (accessory) fissures
◦ Has 3 lobar (secondary) bronchi and 10
segmental (tertiary) bronchi.
THE LEFT LUNG
◦ lighter than the right lung, but is taller and
narrow
◦ The left lung has two lobes
◦ Superior or upper
◦ Inferior or lower
◦ It is divided into upper and lower lobes by an
oblique fissure
◦ Has 2 lobar (secondary) bronchi and 8 to 10
segmental bronchi.
The anterior margin of the left lung has an
indentation-the cardiac notch, which often
creates a thin process in the upper lobe called
the lingula.
DIFFERENCE B/W RT. & LT. LUNG
21. Blood supply of the lungs
Arterial supply Venous
drainage
Bronchi, lung
tissue.
Bronchial arteries
from descending
aorta.
Bronchial veins
to the azygos
and hemiazygos
veins.
Alveoli. Pulmonary
arteries
Pulmonary
veins.
