1. An enema is a procedure that involves inserting liquid into the rectum and large intestine through the anus to treat certain medical conditions. 2. It may be used to relieve constipation, prepare the colon for medical procedures like a colonoscopy, or administer medication directly to the colon and rectum. 3. While generally safe when performed correctly, enemas should be avoided if there is active rectal bleeding, a bowel obstruction, or recent abdominal surgery due to risks of worsening conditions or complications.

1. Student name:
Intsar Yousef Ali
1444‫ه‬-2023‫م‬

2. » Introduction
» Definition
» Requirements
» Procedure
» Posture
» Operatives
» Types
» Precaution
» Indication
»Contraindication

3. » An enema is the procedure of introducing
liquids into the rectum and colon via the anus
» Enemas is carried out as treatment for medical
conditions in Ayurveda as well as naturopathy

4. » Clyster is an archaic word for enema
» Clyster syringes were used from the 17th
century to the 19th century
» After 19th century it is largely replaced by
enema bulb syringes, bocks, and bags
» After a long time the enema bags and tubes are
used

5. Enema is a method of treatment in which liquid is
introduced into the rectum and colon through
the anus, then flushed out through the bowels

6. » An enema is the introduction of a liquid through the anus and into the large intestine. It may
be given to treat constipation or to administer medication. It also may be used as part of the
procedure to empty the contents of the bowel before a test, such as with a colonoscopy prep¹.
To use an enema safely, you'll need an enema kit which is available from grocery or drug stores
and petroleum jelly or other lubrication³. It is important to read and follow the directions on the
"drug facts" label and use the correct dose and dosing frequency¹.

7. » Lie down on a hard bed
» Buttocks should be higher then rest of the body
» The enema bag with water should be
suspended from a nail at a height of 3feet from
the body
» The nozzle should be introduced in the rectum
» Open the stop cork & allow water to flow inside
rectum
» Ask the patient to walk briskly for 10 minutes

8. » According to size
» According to temperature
» According to ingredients

9. » Large enema (1µ)
» Small enema (1/2)

10. » Cold water
» Neutral water
» Ice cold water
» Warm water

11. » Water enema
» Neem water enema
» Buttermilk enema
» Coffee enema
» Rectal drug administration

12. » In the controversial Garson therapy, coffee
enemas are administered.
» These enemas are known to have caused three
deaths in the United States

13. » An enema might be used to clean the colon of
feces first to help increase the rate of
absorption in rectal administration of dissolved
drugs

14. » Air bubbles should be removed
» Deep breathing should associate the entry of water
» Proper lubrication should be utilized

15. » Enemas are medical procedures that are typically indicated for
the following reasons:
1. Constipation: Enemas are commonly used to relieve
constipation when other methods, such as diet and laxatives,
have not been successful. A cleansing enema can help to soften
and loosen stool, making it easier to pass.
2. Bowel preparation: Enemas may be used to prepare the colon
for medical procedures, such as a colonoscopy or sigmoidoscopy.
This is done to clear the colon of stool and debris, which can
interfere with the accuracy of the procedure.

16. 3. Medication administration: Enemas can be used
to deliver medication directly to the colon and
rectum. This can be particularly useful for treating
conditions such as ulcerative colitis or Crohn's
disease.
4. Diagnostic testing: Barium enemas are used to
visualize the colon and rectum during diagnostic
tests, such as X-rays or CT scans. This can help to
identify conditions such as polyps, tumors, or
inflammatory bowel disease.

17. » Enemas are generally safe when performed
correctly by a healthcare provider, but there are some
situations in which they may be contraindicated. These
include:
1. Active rectal bleeding: Enemas should not be
performed if there is active rectal bleeding, as this
can worsen the bleeding and cause further
damage.
2. Bowel obstruction: Enemas should not be
performed if there is a bowel obstruction, as this
can cause the bowel to rupture or perforate.

18. 3
. Recent rectal or abdominal surgery: Enemas
should not be performed within six weeks of rectal
or abdominal surgery, as this can disrupt the
healing process and increase the risk of
complications.
4
. Severe inflammatory bowel disease: Enemas
may be contraindicated in cases of severe
inflammatory bowel disease, as they can cause
further irritation and inflammation.
5
. Electrolyte imbalances: Enemas should be used
with caution in individuals with electrolyte
imbalances, as they can further disrupt the balance
of electrolytes in the body.

19. Risk associated with use enema
There are several risks associated with using an
enema. Repeated use of an enema comes with
certain risks. That includes weakened intestinal
muscles and hyponatremia (water intoxication). Talk
to your healthcare provider before using an enema.
It is also important to take special precautions when
administering the preparation to people with impaired
kidney function, elderly people, people taking
diuretics, people with ascites, people with changes in
the mucosa in the body (ulcers, cracks), people with
an artificial anus, and people taking medications that
may cause fluid ion disturbances.