The document provides an overview of basic video production concepts and techniques. It discusses the three phases of production as pre-production, production, and post-production. It also outlines different types of camera shots including close-ups, wide shots, and medium shots. Common mistakes like too much headroom and shaky cameras are also mentioned.

1. Back to the Basics (Production Basics, that is) In a Cyber-media World Basics of Video Production

2. “ Those who tell stories hold the power in society. Today television tells most of the stories to most of the people, most of the time.” George Gerbner 1992

3. Phases of Production Pre-production : Planning, scheduling, and writing,…and storyboards Production: Shooting, recording,… Post-production: Editing

4. What is the objective? Inform Entertain

5. Who is your audience? Background Age Motivation

6. Parts Of Typical Camcorder Microphone Viewfinder Lens Assembly Tape Compartment Power / Record/ Playback Controls Tape Eject Control W Auto Zoom Control Switch W T Inset Detail Auto/Manual Focus Controls Battery Compartment

7. Production Tools An introduction to types of camera shots and techniques

8. Rule of thirds

9. Anchorperson in left third. Eyes at important cross-section at top third line.

10. How To Frame A Shot ( Subject Facing Camera) Center of Frame Headroom

11. How to Frame A Shot (Subject looking to Side) Headroom Lead Room

12. In this shot the lady is looking off camera to the left so she is placed in the right third so she seems to be looking at something on the left of the shot.

13. Follow the rule?

14. Visual impact

15. Yes or no?

16. Washington Post, Sept. 17, 2007.

17. Moving objects…

18. Watch background!

19. What’s wrong with this pic?

20. Shot Glossary (ECU) Extreme Close-up Shot (CU) Close-up Shot (Med) Medium Shot (WS) Wide Shot (POV) Point of View Shot (OSS) Over the Shoulder Shot (Noddy) Interview nods attentively

21. Basic Shots Types Close-up (CU) Wide Shot (WS) Medium Shot (Med)

22. Establishing shot: Wide

23. Establishing: wide shot (WS)

24. Another wide shot to establish scene: Washington Post, Sept. 16, 2007.

25. Type of shot?

26. More emotional impact: Medium (Med)

27. Type of shot?

28. Human level: close up (CU) Practice with digital cameras first then on to video cameras. Washington Post, Sept. 16, 2005.

30. XCU: Purpose?

31. Camera Techniques Pan Tilt Focus Fade High or low angle Zoom Point of view Shot variation- Wide, Med., CU

32. Camera Tips Use a tripod Position camera so greatest light is at videographer’s back Use focus and white balance controls Practice camera moves Frame shots and moves with purpose

33. Video Clip : Let’s review! Watch the following clip for various camera shots. Use the terms we learned! What was the effect/purpose of the shots? Raise your hand!

34. Camera Tips (continued) Vary shots Don’t overuse zoom Be sure to lay down pre and post-roll Correct roll-back

35. Basic editing In camera editing Assemble editing ‘ A’ Roll ‘ A/B’ Roll Insert editing

36. Disappearing Act ( In Camera Edit) Record (Push red button.) Establish subject, subject freezes Pause (Push red button.) Change scene. Record (Push red button.)

37. Activity Make something disappear or animate an object through in-camera editing. Keep background constant and camera position constant for best effect Establish cues so crew knows what to expect

38. Options for Transitions Close-up of object Fade-out of one scene, fade-in to next Full screen text of poster or graphic See someone walk out of room, walk in to next room Create a walk-through effect

39. Audio techniques Voice-over narration Sound effects Music Natural sound

40. Audio Tips Use music and natural sound Use headphones Select microphones based on project needs Place microphone right distance from source Listen for distracting background noises

41. Planning Your Production Two main ways of planning are scripts and storyboards Scripts take many forms but should have a place for describing both audio and video Storyboards are really comic strip versions of production where shots are drawn with audio written as captions underneath

42. Script Example Video EST. Shot -of school exterior Med. Shot- Student host pointing at building WS. Shot – Student walks through door Med. 2 shot- Host and school director EST. Shot- Scriptwriter’s office with her at her computer Audio V.O- Welcome to the ACME School of Production Let’s go inside take a tour Music Host- This is the school’s director, Mr. Doe. What are you going to show us today? Director – Well I thought we would start by talking with our scriptwriter, Ms. Smith Director – Well hello Ms. Smith! We have a visitor with us, Mr. Host

43. Sample Storyboard The veterinarian will take a blood sample She will use a special needle to take the sample She will check the sample under a microscope

44. Common Video Mistakes….. Too much headroom - bad frame Subject in front of bright backlight Shaky camera - no tripod No shot variation - wide shot Insufficient planning - no script lack of pre and post roll

45. Common Audio Mistakes….. using only cam mike mike too far from sound source not monitoring audio

46. Resources for Video Production On KET EncycloMedia: “ Lights, Camera, Action” series On KET-ED Channel: KET Newsquiz —streamed or live airings Making of Grimm’s Fairy Tales (9/4@11am) Hollywood Homeroom series (9/4 @10am)

47. www.ket.org/makingnewsquiz

48. Interview Tips Research the subject thoroughly Consider the knowledge and interest of the audience Prepare a comprehensive list of questions Group related questions and consider the order of importance and interest Describe the purpose beforehand to the subject

49. Interview No-No’s Yes and no questions “ I see” and “Uh-huh” Two-part questions Obvious questions Questions in poor taste Questions that have already been answered

50. Interview Tips Avoid interviewing the subject without the camera before the camera interview LISTEN Ask appropriate follow-up questions Be polite and professional

51. Dressing for Television Choose clothes with simple, clean lines Wear solid colors (blues and teals) Women should apply foundation and wear make-up that emphasizes eyes and lips Avoid white, black, shiny jewelry, and distracting patterns

52. Video Assessment Checklists Storyboards Rubrics Scripts Shot sheets Peer and self-evaluation

53. Roles in Production Executive Producer - Oversees production (Teacher) Producer - Guides idea Director - Guides technical production Associate Producer - Handles details Talent - On-camera host or actor Videographer - Operates camera

54. Everybody is important

55. Missi Baker [email_address] 606.836.0474 KET conducts workshops in video production for Kentucky teachers and students.