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Instructional video
- 1. What is aninstructional video? • Telling a story with moving pictures and sound for instructional purposes • Serves an instructional or informational purpose directed towards a target audience for specific goal and objectives • Content is prepared and organized to optimize the target video presentation format (NTSC video, streaming video, etc.)
- 2. Instructional Video Examples How Cast Videos http://www.howcast.com/videos/457270-How-to-Play-Notes- on-a-Harmonica http://www.howcast.com/videos/494721-Coffee-Talk-How-to- Make-Espresso-Grinding-in-the-Doser http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QtYgmDEddug http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CN7ehPQwVSU Instructions on video classrooms – IDT student
- 3. Advantages to usingvideo • Can show processes, procedures, events, social interactions, emotional impact • Manipulation of time and space for shifting duration and view • Can use audio, text, diagrams, animation, pictures, and motion to communicate (multiple learning styles - Gardner) • As humans, we respond attentively to motion and movement and process the information somewhat separately from sound • In our culture, we have become accustomed to video communication as a form of instruction and information transfer • Can convey emotions and social interaction • Can be used to model behavior • A form of human storytelling that became refined in the last century • Can quickly capture attention (ARCS – Keller)
- 4. Disadvantages to Video • Can be expensive to produce high quality video • Hard to find good actors (talent) • Requires investment in hardware and software for high quality video • Takes time to develop, shoot, edit, distribute • May not be appropriate for abstract concepts and text- intensive content • Not inherently two-way interactive • By itself, can be linear and preset (not branching multimedia) • Can be misinterpreted, especially humor
- 5. The video productiontimeline • Development • Finance (internal or external) • Treatment • Script • Storyboards • Preproduction • Breakdown • Schedule • Budget • Crewing • Location • Art Direction • Rehearsals
- 6. The video productiontimeline • Production • Setup of location • Lighting • Getting talent ready (make-up, wardrobe, blocking) • Sound check • Pick-up shots • Postproduction • Log and capture material • Organize clips • Sync sound and video • Edit fine cut • Add titles, transitions, filters, motion, music • Render to desired output format • Compress • Release and distribute copies
- 7. Getting to knowyour camera Read Manual Record different scenes to understand features Learn to control focus, aperture, shutter speed, zoom, mic, backlighting, etc.
- 8. Basic Camera Shots Extreme Wide Shot (EWS) – Full zoom out with distance Wide shot (WS) – Full zoom out Medium shot (MS) – Head to Waist Medium Close-up (MCU) – Head to Chest Close-up shot (CU) – Head to Neck Extreme Close-up shot (XCU) - Eyes
- 9. Basic Camera Shots EWS MCU WS CU MS ECU
- 10. Basic Camera Movements Pan - camera pivots, pan left or pan right, from a stationary position. Best to pan slow & smooth, then come to rest on a spot. Truck – camera physical trucks left or right, usually parallel to a moving subject. Tilt – vertical version of a pan; tilt up or down.
- 11. Basic Camera Movements Zoom – Changing focal length to zoom in or zoom out. Should be done slowly and used sparingly to look professional. Dolly – physically move camera, dolly in or dolly out. Not same as zoom. Dolling changes apparent relationship of the object to its background. Zooming maintains a consistent focal length (subject to lens), changes depth of field, not object to background relation.