Indoor air quality is often more polluted than outdoor air, posing significant health risks as people spend most of their time indoors. Major pollutants include carbon dioxide, nitrogen oxides, and particulates, contributing to respiratory issues and conditions like sick building syndrome. Monitoring air quality is essential for managing exposure levels and reducing pollution impacts, with potential solutions such as improved transportation systems and stricter regulations on emissions.

1. Indoor Air Quality

2. What is Air Quality?
Air quality consists of indoor air quality inside our houses and Offices
and out side air present in our environment.
• indoor air is often two to five times more polluted than out door air
• People spend up to 90% of their time indoors hence the health risks
surpass the risks related to outdoor air contamination.
This means that the concentration of gases and pollutants inside is
far higher than the outdoor atmosphere. This can lead to two
Problems:
1) Sick Building Syndrome
2) Corrosion of Sensitive/Critical Equipment.

3. Objectives of Air Quality Monitoring
• Background Data
• Status and Trend
Evaluation
• Environment Exposure
Level Determination
• Scavenging Behavior of
Environment
• Air Quality Management

4. What is Air Pollution?
Pollutant Harmful to Why?
Carbon dioxide Environment A greenhouse gas that causes global
warming
Nitrogen oxides Environment + Causes acid rain and makes
humans asthma/breathing problems worse
Sulfur dioxide Environment Causes acid rain
Particulates (e.g. Environment + Makes buildings dirty and makes asthma
Smoke) humans worse
Carbon momoxide Humans Displaces oxygen in red blood cells that
can result in death

5. Regulating Bodies
Air quality data generated by the
Central Pollution Control Board
(CPCB) for 2007 under the
National Air Quality Monitoring
Programme (NAMP)
The most widely monitored pollutants
in India are
• particulate matter (PM)
• nitrogen dioxide (NO2)
• sulphur dioxide (SO2)
• carbon monoxide.

6. India has the most toxic air: Study

7. Effect on humans
• VOCs -benzene and CO
-extremely harmful to
humans as well as animals.
• cases of asthma, bronchitis
and other respiratory
problems shoot up
• In India half a million children
die annually from indoor
air pollution due to acute
respiratory infections

8. Any Solution???
• Mass Rapid Transport
System [MRTS] with
feeder services -reduce
SPM concentration.
• The MRTS -solution for
fuel consumption and
alternate fuel for
automobiles.

9. Sick building syndrome (SBS)
Non-specific, building-related symptoms
No control over the working environment.
Nature and symptoms of SBS
Symptoms :
 Headaches ,Fatigue etc etc
 associated with certain types of buildings
 more likely to occur in buildings with
air-conditioning and automated heating
and ventilation systems

10. Symptoms of Sick Building Syndrome

11. Indoor Air quality monitory?
It is not mandatory to do
IAQ but according to
Global Practices by
MNC’s it should be done
Quarterly if quality of air
is extremely poor in that
case it can done monthly
too .

12. What is Outdoor Air Quality:
It is the introduction
of chemicals, particulate
matter, or biological
materials that cause harm
Outdoor Air Pollutants can
be classified as:
Primary pollutants
Secondary pollutants :
eg)ozone

13. Monitoring Outdoor Air Quality
Is Mandatory to do Out door Air quality monitory?
not mandatory to do OAQ but according to Global
Practices by MNC’s it should be done Quarterly
How to Monitor Indoor Air Quality?
IAQ Analysis can be done using 2 methods
• Air Sampler Method:
• Instant Air Quality Method

14. Number of Parameters used for IAQ/OAQ
:
Parameters:
• Carbon Dioxide
• Carbon Monoxide
• Nitrogen Dioxide
• Sulphur Dioxide
• Total Volatile Organic Compounds
• Relative Humidity
• Hydrogen Sulphide
• Temperature
• Oxygen
• Ozone
• Ammonia Greenhouse Gases
• Air Velocity
• Formaldehyde

15. Reasons for High Air Pollution in India
1. Poor Quality of Fuel
2. Old Process Technology
3. Wrong Sitting of Industries
4. No Pollution Preventive Step in
Early Stage of Industrialization
5. Poor Vehicle Design
6. Uncontrolled Growth of Vehicle
Population
7. No Pollution Prevention and
Control System in Small/
Medium Scale Industry
8. Poor Compliance of Standard in
Small/Medium Scale Industries

16. NATIONAL AMBIENT AIR QUALITY
STANDARDS (NAAQS)

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