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Air pollution : Prevention
- 1. AIR POLLUTION Dr. Anil Bindu S
- 2. Sources Of Air Pollution Domestic sources Motor vehicles Industries Forest fires Tobacco …
- 3. Causes • Natural Sources e.g. smoke that comes from wildfires, volcanoes, methane, dust • Human Sources e.g. power plants and automobiles, fumes, burning wood stoves,wastes, fireplaces, and furnaces
- 4. Pollutants causing Air Pollution Particulate matter Carbon monoxide/ dioxide Ozone Nitrogen dioxide Sulfur dioxide Lead Hydrocarbons Cadmium PAH
- 5. TYPES OF AIR POLLUTION • Outdoor Air Pollution • Smog • Particulates • Acid Rain • Greenhouse Gases• • Indoor Air Pollution
- 6. Human Effects DISEASES THE MOLECULAR AND CELL TOXICITY MAY ALSO INDUCE A VARIETY OF CANCERS IN THE LONG TERM.
- 8. Main toxic effects of exposure to air pollutants Respiratory System Cardiovascular system Ophthalmologic Dermatologic Neuropsychiatric Hematologic Immunologic Reproductive systems
- 9. Vulnerable groups Even small amount of air toxicants is shown to be dangerous for susceptible groups Children and elderly people Patients suffering from respiratory & cardiovascular diseases.
- 10. IMPACTS • Climate System • Health • Economy • Environment • Ecosystem • Forestry • Agriculture
- 11. EFFECTS • Environmental Effects Acid rain Eutrophication Haze Wildlife Ozone Depletion Crop and forest damage Global Climate Change
- 12. Monitoring of air pollution Best indicators • Sulphur dioxide • Smoke/soiling index • Grit/dust measurement • Coefficient of haze • Air pollution index
- 13. Prevention • Legislations • Containment: arresters • Replacement of technological process • Dilution : green belts • International action : international network of labs
- 14. Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, • 1981 • to control and prevent air pollution in India. • The law was amended in 1987. • first attempt by the government of India to combat air pollution.
- 15. Legislations • The Environment Act 1986
- 16. National air quality monitoring program Central pollution control board
- 17. Air Quality Index • Eight pollutant have been taken into account to calculate AQI • Nitrogen oxide • Sulphur dioxide • PM2.5 • PM 10 • Ozone • Carbon monoxide • Ammonia • Lead
- 19. Control measures • Efficient public transport system & reduction in private vehicles • Automobiles must be designed with emission control system • Timely servicing of the vehicles helps to keep it in a good condition, and also minimizes fuel exhaustion • Use of lead free petrol, CNG, Electric vehicles
- 21. Maintaining a healthy distance between the industrial and residential areas More Plants need to be planted to metabolize the nitrogen oxides and other pollutants
- 22. Green belts • create buffer zone between residential area and industrial area
- 23. • The wastes must be removed and recycled in the industrial plants and refineries • The chimneys should be constructed tall in size so that the emissions must be released higher up in the environment • The sulphur must be removed after burning • The gasoline must have anti knocking agents
- 24. Alternate source of energy • Promote Use of other energy sources
- 25. Waste
- 26. MONITORING GLOBAL LEVEL • GEMS : Global environmental monitoring systems NATIONAL LEVEL • NEERI: National Environmental Engineering Research Institute
- 27. Summary Air pollution has long been a serious problem in the world Without air, Earth would be unable to sustain life.
- 28. • Questions
- 29. Thank you