This document discusses the z-transform and its applications in analyzing linear time-invariant feedback control systems modeled by difference equations. The z-transform allows transforming a system from the time domain to the complex z-domain, where algebraic methods can be used to analyze the system behavior and stability. Specifically, it transforms a sequence into an expression dependent on the variable z, not time. This facilitates investigating a plant's behavior over time and with feedback added. The z-transform is widely used for both continuous and discrete-time control systems.