Uranium (Zack Bolog)
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Uranium is a silvery-gray radioactive metal that was discovered in 1789. It has major isotopes of U-235 and U-238 and is commonly found in deposits in Australia, Kazakhstan, and Canada. Uranium's main uses are as fuel for nuclear reactors and in nuclear weapons due to its radioactive properties during fission.
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Uranium
Uranium is a radioactive element that is found in minerals in the Earth's crust. It has important industrial uses in nuclear power generation and was also used in the atomic bombs dropped on Hiroshima and Nagasaki. Uranium mining occurs around the world, with Kazakhstan being the largest producer. Prolonged exposure to uranium can increase cancer risks and cause kidney damage due to its radioactivity and toxicity.
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This document discusses radioactivity and its discovery by Henri Becquerel in 1896. It describes how Marie and Pierre Curie furthered research on radioactivity and discovered the elements polonium and radium. It also discusses Ernest Rutherford's experiments with alpha particles that demonstrated the nuclear structure of atoms. The document provides extensive details on types of radiation, radioactive elements, uses of radioactivity in areas like medicine, industry, dating techniques, and more.
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Nuclear energy can be used for uranium, smoke detectors, medicine, nuclear weapons, yacht keels, jet aircraft ballast, and electricity. However, it also poses hazards such as nuclear bombs that can kill many people and produce harmful gases and liquids. It also contributes to greenhouse gas emissions and destroys forests and wildlife habitats. People also risk death when mining for uranium. Solar panels work by collecting sunlight through a photoholtaic plate made of durable glass. Geothermal energy is found underground and in the earth's mantle, and can be accessed by drilling and using the steam to power turbines. Coal can be used for medicine, waterproofing, steel, pencil lead, and electricity, but is
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Radium (Evan Clark)
Radium was discovered in 1898 by Marie Curie in the mineral pitchblende. It is a silvery-white radioactive metal with an atomic number of 88 that occurs naturally in uranium ores. Radium decays into other radioactive elements, emitting alpha, beta, and gamma radiation that can be dangerous to human health if exposed in sufficient amounts. It was historically used to paint watch and clock faces but is no longer used for that purpose due to its radioactivity. Today, radium is used to treat cancer through brachytherapy procedures.
Selenium (Chad Beneker)
Selenium is a chemical element discovered in 1817 by Jons Berzelius in Sweden. It is commonly found in sedimentary rock and often accompanies sulfide minerals or silver, copper, lead, and nickel minerals. Selenium has various properties depending on its form - it is red in powder or crystalline form and gray in its metallic form. It has several industrial and medical uses, including in solar cells, catalysts, and producing medical radioisotopes. Dietary sources of selenium include Brazil nuts, fish, meat, eggs, brewer's yeast, and various seeds.
Zirconium (Haley Post)
Zirconium is a transition metal that was discovered in 1789 within the mineral zircon. It has several stable and one radioactive isotope. While difficult to isolate pure zirconium due to its chemical similarity to hafnium, the Kroll process is commonly used. Zirconium has many applications including use in nuclear reactors due to its resistance to neutron absorption, as an alloy for steel, and in gemstones like cubic zirconia.
Chlorine (Samuel Boateng)
Chlorine is a greenish-yellow gas that was first isolated in 1774 by Swedish chemist Carl Scheele. It is one of the most abundant elements and is found in compounds like sodium chloride. Sir Humphrey Davy named chlorine in 1810. Chlorine has many uses including water treatment, bleaching, and producing chemicals like hydrochloric acid, plastics, and pharmaceuticals. It is highly reactive and poisonous in its pure gas form.
Neon (Hayley Wayne)
Neon is a colorless, odorless noble gas with an atomic number of 10. It was discovered in 1898 by William Ramsay and Morris Travers. Some key facts about neon are that it is used widely in neon signs and lights, it exists in small percentages in the universe, sun, and Earth's crust, and it has three stable isotopes.
Zinc (Zak Konys)
Zinc is a bluish-white metal that is found naturally in the Earth's crust. It was likely first discovered and purified in ancient China around 1000 AD, and was later described as a metal by the Swiss alchemist Paracelsus in the 15th century. Zinc is commonly used today to galvanize other metals and prevent corrosion, as well as in the production of many compounds for applications like rubber, paint pigment, animal feed supplements, and more. The largest producers of zinc today are China, Australia, Peru, the United States, and Canada.
Cobalt (Samantha Johnson)
Georg Brandt discovered cobalt in 1739 while attempting to prove that the blue color in glass came from an unknown element, not bismuth as previously thought. Cobalt is a hard, silvery-gray metal that is resistant to corrosion and oxygen. It has many uses including in superalloys for jet engines, magnets, batteries, colorants like blue glass, and medical radiation therapy using radioactive cobalt-60. The Democratic Republic of Congo is the leading producer of cobalt today.
Calcium (Rebecca Barnes)
Sir Humphry Davy discovered calcium in 1808 by electrolyzing lime and mercuric oxide. Calcium is the fifth most abundant element in the Earth's crust and is essential for animal skeletons and plant growth. It has an atomic number of 20, melting point of 839 degrees Celsius, and is commonly found in limestone, eggshells, and mollusk shells.
Chromium (Jeff Jansen)
Chromium is a silvery metallic element with an atomic number of 24. It was discovered in 1797 by Louis-Nicholas Vauquelin and is commonly found in chromite ore. Some key uses of chromium include chrome plating, production of paints and pigments, and hardening steel. It has a high melting point and is used in applications like armor plating, ball bearings, and cutting tools.
Bromine (Amber Boyers)
Bromine is a reddish-brown liquid element that was discovered in 1826 by Antoine Balard. It has a distinct foul odor due to its Greek name meaning "stench." Bromine is the only nonmetallic element liquid at room temperature and can be found in salt springs, salt deposits, and the earth's crust. It has various industrial and medical uses such as in swimming pools, pesticides, batteries, and some medications.
Germanium (Brandy Ashcraft)
Germanium was first proposed in 1871 and discovered in 1886 by German chemist Clemens Winkler. It is a brittle metalloid that is a semiconductor. It is used in electronics, fiber optics, and infrared optics due to its conductivity and transparency to infrared radiation. The largest use is in the semiconductor industry for making transistors.
Sodium (Katie Carrico)
This document provides information about the element sodium. It discusses that sodium is a soft, silvery-white metal that is highly reactive. It notes that sodium is the sixth most abundant element on Earth and is found in compounds like salt. The document outlines the uses of sodium, including in making soap, glass, and sodium vapor lamps. It also discusses sodium isotopes and their use in medicine and testing oil pipelines.
Cadmium (Rebekka Meeks)
Friedrich Stromeyer discovered cadmium in 1817 while studying calamine. Cadmium is a soft, silvery-white metal that occurs naturally as a byproduct of zinc mining. It has many industrial uses, including in nickel-cadmium batteries, solar panels, and nuclear reactors. Cadmium is toxic to humans and environmental exposure can occur through cigarette smoke, coal burning, contaminated food/water, and landfill runoff.
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Uranium (Zack Bolog)
- 2. Uranium: Destroyer of worlds Zack Bolog History Name origin: Named in honor of the discovery of the planet Uranus, which was discovered 8 years prior Location of discovery: Discovered from pitchblende samples from the Joachimsal silver mines in present day Czech Republic. Discoverer: Martin Klaproth Properties: Number of Protons/Electrons: 92 Number of Neutrons: 146 Classification: Rare Earth State at room temperature: Solid Color: Silver/gray Melting point: 1132.0 Degrees C Boiling point: 3818.0 Degrees C Density: 18.95 g/cm3 Major isotopes: U-235 (used in the production of nuclear weapons and reactors) and U-238 (Most common isotope of Uranium) Availability: Identified reserves of Uranium have increased by around 100% since the end of 2003, so availability is high. Common sources: While Uranium is found all over the Earth, the largest deposits of uranium are found in Australia, Kazakhstan and Canada. How can “I” get it: There is an actual market for Uranium, with prices being around $160/kg Uses: Major uses for Uranium include the fueling of nuclear reactors and more infamously, one of the major components of the nuclear fission used in the production of nuclear weapons. Did you Know?:
- 3. Uranium is found EVERYWHERE on Earth, including the very food that we eat and also our own tissue! The weight of a baseball is 5.25 oz…..a Uranium ball of the same dimensions would weigh 8.5 pounds! Uranium is 40 times more abundant than silver, making cheap husbands the leading cause of Radiation poisoning amongst housewives (source needed) Uranium was once used as glass, with a sheet found in Naples, Italy that was dated back to 79 A.D. The glass gives off a greenish/yellow hue: Sources: http://www.chemicalelements.com/elements/u.html http://web.ead.anl.gov/uranium/guide/facts/ http://nuclearinfo.net/Nuclearpower/WebHomeAvailabilityOfUsableUranium http://www.cameco.com/uranium_101/uranium_science/uranium/ http://web.ead.anl.gov/uranium/guide/facts/