VALUES

1. The Philippine National Hero
1.Dr. Jose P. Rizal(1861-1896)-The Philippines'
national hero. Born in Calamba, Laguna, on
June 19, 1861. Published his masterpiece Noli
Me Tangere in Berlin(Germany) in 1887 and
his second novel El Filibusterismo in
Ghent(Belgium) in 1891. His two novels stirred
the conscience of his people. He contributed
various literary works to La Solidaridad. For his
leadership in the reform movement and for his
incendiary novels, Rizal was arrested and later
killed by musketry in Bagumbayan, Manila, on
December 30, 1896. His execution was the last
straw for other Filipinos who called for a
bloody revolution against Spain.

2. The Philippine National Hero
2.Andres Bonifacio(1863-1897)-
He founded the secret society,
Katipunan, on July 7, 1892, to
fight Spain. He was also president
of the Tagalog republic from
August 24, 1896 to May 10, 1897.
Born in Tondo, Manila, oae
married Gregoria de Jesus in 1892.
He was killed on May 10, 1897,
near Mount Buntis, Maragondon,
Cavite.

3. The Philippine National Hero
➲ General Gregorio del Pilar
(1875-1899)-Hero of Tirad
Pass. Born on November 14,
1875, in Bulacan, Bulacan.
Died on December 2, 1899,
in the battle of Tirad Pass, to
enable Aguinaldo to escape
from the Americans. One of
the youngest and bravest
generals ever produced by
the Philippines.

4. The Philippine National Hero
➲ 4.General Emilio Aguinaldo
(1899­1964)­He officially
proclaimed the Philippine
independence in Malolos,
Bulacan, on January 23, 1899,
with him as the first president.
It was the first republic in Asia.
Born in Kawit, Cavite, on March
22, 1869. Died at the Veterans
Memorial Hospital, Quezon
City, on February 6, 1964.

5. The Philippine National Hero
➲ Apolinario Mabini (1864-1903)-
Sublime paralytic and the brain
of the revolution. Born in
Talaga, Tanauan, Batangas, on
June 22, 1864. He joined La
Liga Filipina in 1892 and
Aguinaldo's revolutionary
government from June 1898 to
May 1899. He was captured by
the American forces in
December 1899 and deported
to Guam in January 1901. He
died in Manila on May 13, 1903.

6. The Philippine National Hero
➲ GOMBURZA-Three
intellectuals who crusaded
for reform. Killed by
garrote in Bagumbayan,
Manila on February 17,
1872, for allegedly
instigating the Cavite
mutiny.

7. The Philippine National Hero
➲ Emilio Jacinto (1875-1899)-
Brains of the Katipunan. Born in
Trozo, Manila, on December
15, 1875. He joined the
Katipunan in 1894 and became
Bonifacio's trusted friend and
adviser. He wrote the Kartilya
ng Katipunan, the primer of the
Katipunan which embodied the
teachings of the organization.
He founded and edited the
Katipunan newspaper,
Kalayaan, whose first issue
came out in January 1896. Died
on April 16, 1899. He was one
of the heroic figures in
Philippine history.

8. The Philippine National Hero
➲ General Antonio Luna (1866-
1899)-The greatest general of
the revolution. Younger brother
of Juan Luna, the famous
painter. Editor of La
Independencia, whose first
issue came out on September
3, 1898. Born in Binondo,
Manila, on October 29, 1866.
He was one of the
propagandists in Spain who
were working for political
reforms in the Philippines. He
contributed articles to La
Solidaridad. He was
assassinated in Cabanatuan
City, on June 5, 1899.

9. The Philippine National Hero
➲ Trece Martirez-The 13
martyrs of Cavite, who were
executed by a firing squad
on September 12, 1896.
They were: 1)Maximo
Inocencio; 2)Jose Lallana;
3)Eugenio Cabezas;
4)Maximo Gregorio; 5)Hugo
Perez; 6)Severino Lapidario;
7)Alfonso de Ocampo;
8)Francisco Osorio;
9)Antonio de San Agustin;
10)Luis Aguado; 11)Agapito
Conchu; 12)Victoriano
Luciano; and 13)Feliciano
Cabuco.

10. The Philippine National Hero
➲ Melchora Aquino (1812-
1919)-B etter known as
Tandang Sora. Born in
Banlat, Kalookan City, on
January 6, 1812. She helped
the Katipuneros under the
leadership of Andres
Bonifacio by providing them
food, shelter, and other
material goods. She is
recognized as the Grand
Woman of the revolution and
the Mother of Balintawak.
She died on March 12, 1919.

11. The Philippine National Hero
➲ Graciano Lopez-Jaena
(1856-1896)-Founder and
first editor of the newspaper
La Solidaridad, which
became the vehicle of
expression for Filipino
propaganda in Spain.
Together wtih Jose Rizal and
Marcelo H. Del Pilar, he
undertook propaganda
campaigns in Spain. Born in
Jaro, Iloilo, on December 18,
1856. He died on January
20, 1896, in Barcelona,
Spain.

12. The Philippine National Hero
➲ Mariano Ponce (1863-1918)-
Researcher, historian,
bibliographer, propagandist,
diplomat, physician, folklorist,
and an outstanding reformist.
Born in Baliwag, Bulacan, on
March 23, 1863. While in Spain,
he joined the propaganda
movement and became one of
the initiators of La Solidaridad,
later becoming its managing
editor. Died in HongKong on
May 23, 1918.

13. The Philippine National Hero
➲ Gregoria de Jesus (1875-
1943)-One of the brave and
patriotic women who played
a heroic role in the Philippine
revolution. Born in Kalookan
City, on May 9, 1875. Wife of
Andres Bonifacio and
Lakambini of the Katipunan.
She actually fought
alongside her husband
during the revolution, aside
from being the custodian of
the Katipunan documents.
She organized the
Katipunan's Women
Chapter. She died on March
15, 1943.

14. The Philippine National Hero
➲ Fernando Ma. Guerrero
(1873-1890)-Musician,
journalist, politician, and
lawyer. Considered the
greatest lyric poet in
Spanish. Born in Ermita,
Manila, on May 30, 1873.
When the revolution broke
out, General Antonio Luna
invited him to join the
editorial staff of La
Independencia, the organ of
the revolution. Thus, he
fought for the Filipino cause
with his pen. Died in Manila
June 12, 1929.

15. The Philippine National Hero
➲ Felipe Agoncillo (1859-
1941)-Outstanding
diplomat of the Philippine
revolution. Born in Taal,
Batangas, on May 26,
1859. Gen. Emilio
Aguinaldo appointed him
as Minister Plenipotentiary
to the peace conference in
Washington and Paris.
Died on September 29,
1941, at the Manila
Doctor's Hospital.

16. The Philippine National Hero
➲ Juan Luna (1857-1899)-A
genius of the brush and a
patriot of the highest order.
Creator of the world-famous
painting, SPOLARIUM, which
was awarded the gold medal in
the Exposicion Nacional de
Bellas Artes in Madrid in 1884.
It is also known as the greatest
painting of all times. Born in
Badoc, Ilocos, Norte, on
October 23, 1857. He was
closely associated with the
Reform Movement, together
with Rizal, Lopez-Jaena,
Ponce, etc. He died in
Hongkong on December 7,
1899.

17. The Philippine National Hero
➲ Rafael Palman (1874-1939)-
Orator, statesman, scholar,
educator, and writer. Born in
Tondo, Manila, on October
24, 1874. He was involved in
the propaganda campaign
against the Spaniards. He
cofounded with Gen. Antonio
Luna the revolutionary
newspaper, La
Independencia. Later, he
also founded El Nuevo Dia,
Cebu's first daily. Died in
Manila on May 24, 1939.

18. The Philippine National Hero
➲ Marcelo H. Del Pilar (1850-
1896)-Political analyst of the
Filipino colony in Spain. Born
in Kupang, Bulacan,
Bulacan, on August 30,
1850. In 1882, he founded
the nationalistic newspaper,
Diariong Tagalog. In
December 1889, he became
the editor of La Solidaridad
and became the moving
spirit behind the propaganda
movement. Died on July 4,
1896.

19. The Philippine National Hero
➲ Pedro Paterno (1858-
1911)-Statesman,
poet, writer, and
peacemaker. Born in
Manila on February
27, 1858. He was the
negotiator/mediator
of the Pact of Biak-
na-Bato. He helped
prepare the Malolos
constitution. Died on
April 26, 1911.

20. The Philippine National Hero
➲ Leona Florentino (1849-
1884)-First poetess of
the Philippines. Born in
Vigan, Ilocos Sur, on
April 19, 1849. Her
poems were given
international recognition
at the Exposicion in
Madrid in 1887 and in
Paris in 1889. Died on
October 4, 1884.

21. Reported by:
Diana Luna Escorpiso