Worth a Thousand Words: Finding, Evaluating, and Using Historical Images
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45 minute lecture and interactive discussion on finding, evaluating, using, and citing images for historical research. Includes short discussions on copyright, fair use, Creative Commons licenses, and attribution. Presentation created for a first year information literacy college class.
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Worth a Thousand Words: Finding, Evaluating, and Using Historical Images
- 1. WORTH A THOUSAND WORDS: FINDING, EVALUATING, AND USING HISTORICAL IMAGES REBEKAH CUMMINGS, LEAP LIBRARIAN, MARRIOTT LIBRARY SERVICE LEAP 1100 MARCH 8, 2017
- 2. WHY PICTURES? “Migrant Mother” by Dorothea Lange of Florence Owens in 1936. Found at the Library of Congress website. No known restrictions on use. Image Credit: Library of Congress
- 3. Photo of 5 year old Omran Daqneesh distributed by the Aleppo Media Center in 2016. Video on YouTube viewed 4.3 million times. Image Credit: NPR
- 4. FINDING IMAGES • Flickr Commons • Wikimedia Commons • Library of Congress Print and Photograph Collection • New York Public Library Digital Collection • Digital Public Library of America • Research Databases • ArtStor • Mountain West Digital Library • Vogue Archive You will need to use this for your assignment!
- 5. Photo Credit: Digital Library of Georgia
- 6. Image Credit: New York Public Library (1892) “Kill the Indian, save the man.” – Colonel RH Pratt Evaluating Images
- 7. USING IMAGES HELPFUL HINTS • Do look outside of Google Images • Do learn as much as you can about the images that you use • Do assess the perspective of the photographer and/or publisher. • Don’t violate copyright laws when using photos. • Don’t always think of photos as an “objective” view
- 8. USING IMAGES - COPYRIGHT • Federal law that gives authors of exclusive works the exclusive right to reproduce, display, prepare derivative works, and distribute copies of the work. • Copyright lasts a really long time. • People really do sue for copyright infringement. Image Credit: Rebekah Cummings
- 9. FAIR USE • A legal exception to the exclusive rights an owner has for his or her copyrighted works • Four factors • Purpose (educational, commercial, etc.) • Nature of the work (creative, factual) • Amount or substantiality • Effect on the market Image Credit: http://www.hypebot.com/hypebot/2016/08/infring ement-or-fair-use-knowing-the-difference.html
- 10. CREATIVE COMMONS LICENSES Image Credit: Creative Commons
- 12. LET’S PRACTICE! 1. What image did you find? 2. Where did you find it? 3. Was it hard to find? 4. What is the copyright status of the image? 5. Can you tell us anything about the context, authorship, or audience for the image? 6. How does the image support or relate to your topic?
- 13. REFERENCES • Lange, D. (1936). Migrant Mother [Digital image]. Retrieved from https://www.loc.gov/rr/print/list/128_migm.html • Gharib, M. (2016.). The Little Boy in Aleppo: Can One Photo End a War? NPR.org. Retrieved from http://www.npr.org/sections/goatsandsoda/2016/08/19/490679863/the-little-boy-in-aleppo-can-one- photo-end-a-war • • Macabitas, Louise. (2011). Image of Officer John Pike pepper spraying UC Davis students. Retrieved from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Uc_Davis_Pepper_Spray_Incident.jpg • • Art and Picture Collection, The New York Public Library. (1892). Sioux boys 3 years after arrival at Carlisle. Retrieved from http://digitalcollections.nypl.org/items/510d47e1-1b91-a3d9-e040- e00a18064a99 • • Art and Picture Collection, The New York Public Library. (1892). Sioux boys as they arrived at Carlisle. Retrieved from http://digitalcollections.nypl.org/items/510d47e1-1b90-a3d9-e040- e00a18064a99
- 14. QUESTIONS? • Contact one of your LEAP librarians at… • REBEKAH.CUMMINGS@UTAH.EDU • MARIE.PAIVA@UTAH.EDU Photo Credit: Marriott Library
Editor's Notes
- There is something about pictures that connect us much more closely to events and people, and inform us in ways that are much more visceral than text. Actually I think good writing paints a picture in our heads in ways that bad writing just doesn’t, but nothing compares to an image to make something seem much more real. 32 year old mother of seven children in California during the Great Depression. Been living on frozen vegetables and birds that her children had killed. http://www.loc.gov/pictures/resource/fsa.8b29516/#locshare/share What this picture tells is the desperation of a woman trying to raise a family.
- http://www.npr.org/sections/goatsandsoda/2016/08/19/490679863/the-little-boy-in-aleppo-can-one-photo-end-a-war
- Don’t limit yourself to a Google image search.
- New York Public Library DPLA- Indian boarding school Library catalog Research Databases –Mountain West Digital Library
- One of many "before-and-after education" photographs produced in the late 19th-century and early 20th-century to document the change produced in Native American children and youth by enrollment in Indian boarding schools. What do you notice about these photos? Clothing, hair, posture, Sitting in chairs as opposed to sitting near the ground, Legs crossed, background is different but that seems to be somewhat inconsequential. These photos are not objective. The photographer didn’t just find them this way and snap a photo. What message is he trying to send. http://www.radiolab.org/story/photos-before-and-after-carlisle/
- What is copyright? From our constitution – balance between the rights of creators to profit from their works and the rights of people to information. Who does it apply to? How long does it last?
- https://creativecommons.org/
- https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Commons:Featured_pictures#/media/File:Cosmic_%E2%80%98Winter%E2%80%99_Wonderland.jpg