Presentatie gegeven door meemoo, MoMu en Vlaamse Erfgoedbibliotheken in het kader van de Coachingdag: tools voor digitaal collectiebeheer 2021 (MoMu, 19 oktober)
Criticisms of Jullianne House's Model of Translation Quality Assessmentsafwan aziz
The document discusses House's model of translation criticism and "functional equivalence" approach. It makes several key points:
1) House's model aims for translations to match the original text's function, with "covert translations" being the only type that can fully achieve functional equivalence.
2) However, achieving functional equivalence is challenging due to differences in source and target language/cultures.
3) While House's model provides guidelines, preserving function alone does not guarantee equivalence, and other factors like intention, strategy, and interpretation need to be considered.
The document proposes improvements to translation quality assessment methods by redefining them in terms of competencies and suitability. It suggests assessing translations based on two error dimensions: factual errors and connotative errors. Errors would be mapped to required competencies and workflow roles. The assessment would indicate which competencies providers have and which require training. It would also determine what percentage of errors can be easily corrected, helping decide whether to return a translation for improvement or use other resources. This new model aims to provide clear, objective quality feedback to help clients and providers communicate effectively and optimize the translation process.
Slides from my presentation on the available automation options available in Microsoft 365. From the desktop apps right through to things like PowerShell.
Translation as an Act of Communication, Rosario DuraoRosário Durão
Class given for the M.A. students in Translation at Lisbon University's Faculty of Letters, by invitation of the "Language, Discourse and Translation" course professor, Margarita Correia, Ph.D.
Herramientas de búsqueda de informaciónglamnerincon
Este documento describe diferentes herramientas para buscar información en Internet, incluyendo buscadores, metabuscadores, motores de búsqueda especializados, bases de datos y discos duros virtuales. También explica cómo evaluar la calidad de la información encontrada y técnicas para realizar búsquedas más efectivas como el uso de palabras clave.
Eugene Nida was a pioneering American linguist born in 1914 in Oklahoma who specialized in Bible translation. Over his career, he authored several influential books on translation theory and practice and advocated an approach called "dynamic equivalence" or "functional equivalence" that prioritized accurately communicating the meaning of the original text over literal word-for-word translation. Nida retired in 1980 but continued lecturing until his death in 2011 at age 96 in Brussels, Belgium.
Criticisms of Jullianne House's Model of Translation Quality Assessmentsafwan aziz
The document discusses House's model of translation criticism and "functional equivalence" approach. It makes several key points:
1) House's model aims for translations to match the original text's function, with "covert translations" being the only type that can fully achieve functional equivalence.
2) However, achieving functional equivalence is challenging due to differences in source and target language/cultures.
3) While House's model provides guidelines, preserving function alone does not guarantee equivalence, and other factors like intention, strategy, and interpretation need to be considered.
The document proposes improvements to translation quality assessment methods by redefining them in terms of competencies and suitability. It suggests assessing translations based on two error dimensions: factual errors and connotative errors. Errors would be mapped to required competencies and workflow roles. The assessment would indicate which competencies providers have and which require training. It would also determine what percentage of errors can be easily corrected, helping decide whether to return a translation for improvement or use other resources. This new model aims to provide clear, objective quality feedback to help clients and providers communicate effectively and optimize the translation process.
Slides from my presentation on the available automation options available in Microsoft 365. From the desktop apps right through to things like PowerShell.
Translation as an Act of Communication, Rosario DuraoRosário Durão
Class given for the M.A. students in Translation at Lisbon University's Faculty of Letters, by invitation of the "Language, Discourse and Translation" course professor, Margarita Correia, Ph.D.
Herramientas de búsqueda de informaciónglamnerincon
Este documento describe diferentes herramientas para buscar información en Internet, incluyendo buscadores, metabuscadores, motores de búsqueda especializados, bases de datos y discos duros virtuales. También explica cómo evaluar la calidad de la información encontrada y técnicas para realizar búsquedas más efectivas como el uso de palabras clave.
Eugene Nida was a pioneering American linguist born in 1914 in Oklahoma who specialized in Bible translation. Over his career, he authored several influential books on translation theory and practice and advocated an approach called "dynamic equivalence" or "functional equivalence" that prioritized accurately communicating the meaning of the original text over literal word-for-word translation. Nida retired in 1980 but continued lecturing until his death in 2011 at age 96 in Brussels, Belgium.
Lecture 1 Introduction to Translation.pptxssuser7c8e99
This document provides an overview of a university module on literary translation. It outlines the module objectives, which are to develop students' understanding of translation theory and familiarize them with literary translation through case studies. The module structure includes lectures on translation theory from various perspectives, as well as focusing on translating specific literary genres like fiction, poetry, and drama. Key texts for the module are also listed. The document then discusses some foundational concepts in translation studies, providing definitions and discussing areas like untranslatability. It concludes with an overview of translation theory from Roman times until 1900, outlining perspectives from various influential figures.
This document summarizes key concepts in translation studies from a lecture, including linguistic and literary approaches. It discusses notions of equivalence, strategies for translation including literal vs. free translation, and the importance of cultural and ideological contexts. Functional models that emphasize the target language/culture and purpose of translation are presented, as are concepts like overt vs. covert translation and the translator's role between source and target languages and cultures.
The document discusses four levels of translation: the textual level, referential level, cohesive level, and naturalness level. The textual level involves decoding the syntactic structures of the source text and encoding them in the target text. The referential level deals with the meaning and message of the text by decoding idioms, expressions, and the pragmatic function. The cohesive level links the textual and referential levels by considering the tone, mood, and train of thought and following discourse analysis.
The document discusses different approaches to defining translation and translating metaphors. It describes linguistics-based approaches that view translation as substituting equivalent signs between languages. Textlinguistic approaches see translation as producing a target text based on the source text. Functional approaches define translation as a purposeful, transcultural activity. The document also discusses challenges in translating metaphors, such as retaining imagery across cultures, and proposes procedures like translating metaphor to simile or sense.
This document discusses concepts of equivalence and similarity in translation. It begins by defining equivalence and similarity, noting that similarity is not necessarily symmetrical, reversible, or transitive. It then examines approaches to equivalence in translation theory, including the equative view, taxonomic view, and relativist view which rejects equivalence as an identity assumption. Models of equivalence proposed by Vinay and Darbelnet, Jakobson, and Nida are outlined, noting tensions between formal correspondence and dynamic equivalence. The document emphasizes that equivalence is a complex concept that depends on context and perspective.
This document discusses translation units and the hierarchy of linguistic units that should be considered when translating from one language to another. It notes that Catford and Halliday proposed considering the sentence, clause, group, word, and morpheme as translation units from largest to smallest. Larger translation units allow for a more idiomatic translation. The document also discusses maintaining naturalness, accuracy, and deviations from language norms when necessary to reproduce the style of the original text.
Este documento define el servicio de referencia como la asistencia personal que un bibliotecario brinda a los lectores que buscan información. Explica que existen tres tipos básicos de servicio de referencia: proporcionar información justa, instrucción en el uso de bibliotecas y fuentes de información, y guía en la selección de materiales. También describe varios servicios de referencia como preguntas de consulta rápida, verificación bibliográfica y préstamo interbibliotecario.
The document discusses various theories and models of translation shifts. It describes Vinay and Darbelnet's model which identifies two translation strategies - direct translation and oblique translation. It also discusses Catford's theory of level and category shifts. Additionally, it summarizes Van Leuven-Zwart's comparative and descriptive model of translation shifts which examines shifts at the micro and macro levels. The document provides details on different translation techniques like transposition, modulation, equivalence, and adaptation.
Este documento proporciona instrucciones sobre cómo catalogar publicaciones periódicas y recursos integrantes usando el formato MARC 21. Explica los campos clave del registro MARC como el LDR, 008 y campos variables comunes. También cubre temas como determinar si se debe crear un nuevo registro o usar uno existente, y proporciona ejemplos de códigos para campos como periodicidad, idioma y fuente de catalogación.
This document provides an introduction and overview of computer-assisted translation (CAT) tools. It discusses what CAT tools are, the advantages they provide like improved consistency and reduced costs, and how they work by segmenting text, storing translation memories, and utilizing terminology databases to assist the translation process. The document also gives examples of additional functions CAT tools offer and provides information about the translation company EuroLingo.
Introduction to SharePoint Framework (SPFx)Fabio Franzini
This document summarizes an introduction to the SharePoint Framework (SPFx) presented by Fabio Franzini. The agenda includes an introduction to SPFx, the SPFx toolchain, building an SPFx web part, and deploying an SPFx web part. SPFx is a page and web part model for building client-side SharePoint solutions using modern web technologies. It allows developers to build responsive and accessible web parts that can be added to classic and modern SharePoint pages. The SPFx toolchain is based on open source tools like Node.js, Yeoman, and Gulp. Developers can create their first web part, then package and deploy it to an app catalog to add to
La lingüística forense y sus líneas de investigaciónsacadfyl
Presentación en el Primer Coloquio sobre la Investigación en la Facultad de Filosofía y Letras de la UNAM.
Mtra. Margarita Palacios Sierra y Dra. Fernanda López Escobedo
México, D.F., abril de 2012
This document provides an overview of content management systems (CMS) and the open source e-commerce platform Magento. It discusses what a CMS is and examples like Magento's CMS which allows managing rich content and pages. Magento is introduced as an open source e-commerce application using the Zend framework and EAV database model. The document outlines Magento's features, system requirements, and provides a step-by-step guide to installing Magento.
Some problems of ambiguity in translation with reference to english and arabicfalah_hasan77
1. Ambiguity in translation refers to words, terms or concepts that have more than one possible meaning. This can cause unclear or misleading interpretations when translating between languages.
2. Some common causes of ambiguity include pronouns without clear referents, words with multiple meanings, and syntactic structures that can have more than one interpretation.
3. There are two main types of ambiguity - lexical, which occurs with individual words, and structural, which occurs with phrases or sentences that can have multiple syntactic structures. Identifying and addressing ambiguity is an important part of accurate translation.
SharePoint Site IA Architecture Design Considerations - Innovate Vancouver.pdfInnovate Vancouver
This document discusses different options for structuring an intranet site. It begins by explaining the goals of intranet design including easy navigation, searchability, and content management. It then presents 4 options for structuring the site:
1) By strategic pillars with departments organized underneath each pillar.
2) By organizational structure with departments as top-level sections.
3) A hybrid model with pillars as top headers and departments structured underneath.
4) Allowing different views like pillars or the organizational chart as headers.
It evaluates each option based on navigation, content management, adherence to policies, and supporting engagement. The best structure would logically organize content, be intuitive to navigate, and easily manage content
Vinay and Darblernet's Model of Translation.pptPariNaz10
Since 1950s there has been a wide variety of linguistics approaches to the analysis of translation that has proposed a detailed list of taxonomies to categories the translation process.
The book has presented a small number of best known and most representative models.
Vinay and Darblenet’s taxonomy in Stylistique
Catford’s linguitics approach.
They carried out comparative stylistics analysis of English-French.
Noted the differences between the languages and noted the strategies and procedures in translation.
Vinay and Darblenet’s
Two main strategies are
Direct and Oblique translation also known as Literal vs. Free translation.
The two comprised of seven out of which Direct covers three .Borrowing.
The SL word is transferred directly to the TL.
Word originated in one language is also used in another language.
Reasons:
Sometimes borrowings are employed to add local colour (pétanque, armagnac and bastide in a tourist brochure about south west France, for instance)
No existing word or concept in the target language.
Examples:
Internet, Jalebi, Piano etc.
Also known as loan translation.
Alternative of borrowing.
Phrase borrowed from another language and literally translated from word for word. 4. Transposition.
This is a change of one part of speech for another without changing the sense
Operates at grammatical level.
Replacement of word class by another word class without changing the meaning.
Within the same language:
Reconstruction of the city is very important.
Reconstructing the city is very important.
To reconstruct the city is very important.
In different language.
He writes neatly وہ صفا ي سے لکھتا ہے۔ (Adjective صفا ي is converted into Adverb neatly).
This changes the semantics and point of view of the SL
tries to maintain naturalness by using various form the message done by changing the point of view
chosen when translators find that literal translation would result in awkward or unnatural translation. Vinay and Darblenet regarded modulation as “the touchstone of a good translator” whereas transposition ‘simply shows a very good command of the target language
This involves changing the cultural reference when a situation in the source culture does not exist in the target culture.
Adaptations, also known as “Free Translations” are when the translator substitutes cultural realities or scenarios for which there is no reference in the target language.
Power Platform Architecture CorrectionsYusuke Ohira
Power Platform architecture for a variety of business requirements.
This is a part of the material presented at the Power Platform User Meeting held at Microsoft headquarters in July 2019.
Catford defines translation as the replacement of textual material in one language (SL) by equivalent textual material in another language (TL). A Formal Correspondence is any TL category which may be said to occupy the same place in the economy of TL as the given SL category occupies in the SL.
A Textual Equivalent is any TL text or portion of text which is to be equivalent of a given SL text or portion of text.The small linguistic changes that occur between ST and TT are known as translation shifts.A level shit would be something which is expressed by grammar in one language and lexis in another.These shifts are from one part of speech to another.
When a SL item is translated with TL item which belongs to a different class. A verb may be translated as a noun.
TYPO3 Congres 2012 - Aan de slag met TYPO3 Extbase en FluidTYPO3 Nederland
Met de lancering van de nieuwste TYPO3 CMS versies wordt het belang van werken met Extbase en Fluid steeds groter. Wanneer je nog extensies ontwikkelt op basis van pi_base of je wilt graag extensies gaan ontwikkelen maar je vindt de drempel is hoog, in deze sessie leer je de basics van een extase / fluid extensie en zie je hoe eenvoudig het is om extensies te ontwikkelen.
Henjo Hoeksma
Na enkele jaren als hobby met TYPO3 gewerkt te hebben, heeft Henjo zijn beroep gemaakt van het ontwikkelen van websites en webapplicaties op basis van het TYPO3 framework. Na een korte periode gewerkt te hebben als ontwikkelaar bij alterNET en een internationaal bedrijf in LED verlichting is hij als freelancer aan de slag gegaan.
Met een passie voor nieuwe technieken, kwalitatieve oplossingen & code en de TYPO3 producten & community ondersteunt hij vanuit zijn bedrijf Stylence zowel grote als minder grote organisaties in de ontwikkeling van websites en maatwerk oplossingen.
Lecture 1 Introduction to Translation.pptxssuser7c8e99
This document provides an overview of a university module on literary translation. It outlines the module objectives, which are to develop students' understanding of translation theory and familiarize them with literary translation through case studies. The module structure includes lectures on translation theory from various perspectives, as well as focusing on translating specific literary genres like fiction, poetry, and drama. Key texts for the module are also listed. The document then discusses some foundational concepts in translation studies, providing definitions and discussing areas like untranslatability. It concludes with an overview of translation theory from Roman times until 1900, outlining perspectives from various influential figures.
This document summarizes key concepts in translation studies from a lecture, including linguistic and literary approaches. It discusses notions of equivalence, strategies for translation including literal vs. free translation, and the importance of cultural and ideological contexts. Functional models that emphasize the target language/culture and purpose of translation are presented, as are concepts like overt vs. covert translation and the translator's role between source and target languages and cultures.
The document discusses four levels of translation: the textual level, referential level, cohesive level, and naturalness level. The textual level involves decoding the syntactic structures of the source text and encoding them in the target text. The referential level deals with the meaning and message of the text by decoding idioms, expressions, and the pragmatic function. The cohesive level links the textual and referential levels by considering the tone, mood, and train of thought and following discourse analysis.
The document discusses different approaches to defining translation and translating metaphors. It describes linguistics-based approaches that view translation as substituting equivalent signs between languages. Textlinguistic approaches see translation as producing a target text based on the source text. Functional approaches define translation as a purposeful, transcultural activity. The document also discusses challenges in translating metaphors, such as retaining imagery across cultures, and proposes procedures like translating metaphor to simile or sense.
This document discusses concepts of equivalence and similarity in translation. It begins by defining equivalence and similarity, noting that similarity is not necessarily symmetrical, reversible, or transitive. It then examines approaches to equivalence in translation theory, including the equative view, taxonomic view, and relativist view which rejects equivalence as an identity assumption. Models of equivalence proposed by Vinay and Darbelnet, Jakobson, and Nida are outlined, noting tensions between formal correspondence and dynamic equivalence. The document emphasizes that equivalence is a complex concept that depends on context and perspective.
This document discusses translation units and the hierarchy of linguistic units that should be considered when translating from one language to another. It notes that Catford and Halliday proposed considering the sentence, clause, group, word, and morpheme as translation units from largest to smallest. Larger translation units allow for a more idiomatic translation. The document also discusses maintaining naturalness, accuracy, and deviations from language norms when necessary to reproduce the style of the original text.
Este documento define el servicio de referencia como la asistencia personal que un bibliotecario brinda a los lectores que buscan información. Explica que existen tres tipos básicos de servicio de referencia: proporcionar información justa, instrucción en el uso de bibliotecas y fuentes de información, y guía en la selección de materiales. También describe varios servicios de referencia como preguntas de consulta rápida, verificación bibliográfica y préstamo interbibliotecario.
The document discusses various theories and models of translation shifts. It describes Vinay and Darbelnet's model which identifies two translation strategies - direct translation and oblique translation. It also discusses Catford's theory of level and category shifts. Additionally, it summarizes Van Leuven-Zwart's comparative and descriptive model of translation shifts which examines shifts at the micro and macro levels. The document provides details on different translation techniques like transposition, modulation, equivalence, and adaptation.
Este documento proporciona instrucciones sobre cómo catalogar publicaciones periódicas y recursos integrantes usando el formato MARC 21. Explica los campos clave del registro MARC como el LDR, 008 y campos variables comunes. También cubre temas como determinar si se debe crear un nuevo registro o usar uno existente, y proporciona ejemplos de códigos para campos como periodicidad, idioma y fuente de catalogación.
This document provides an introduction and overview of computer-assisted translation (CAT) tools. It discusses what CAT tools are, the advantages they provide like improved consistency and reduced costs, and how they work by segmenting text, storing translation memories, and utilizing terminology databases to assist the translation process. The document also gives examples of additional functions CAT tools offer and provides information about the translation company EuroLingo.
Introduction to SharePoint Framework (SPFx)Fabio Franzini
This document summarizes an introduction to the SharePoint Framework (SPFx) presented by Fabio Franzini. The agenda includes an introduction to SPFx, the SPFx toolchain, building an SPFx web part, and deploying an SPFx web part. SPFx is a page and web part model for building client-side SharePoint solutions using modern web technologies. It allows developers to build responsive and accessible web parts that can be added to classic and modern SharePoint pages. The SPFx toolchain is based on open source tools like Node.js, Yeoman, and Gulp. Developers can create their first web part, then package and deploy it to an app catalog to add to
La lingüística forense y sus líneas de investigaciónsacadfyl
Presentación en el Primer Coloquio sobre la Investigación en la Facultad de Filosofía y Letras de la UNAM.
Mtra. Margarita Palacios Sierra y Dra. Fernanda López Escobedo
México, D.F., abril de 2012
This document provides an overview of content management systems (CMS) and the open source e-commerce platform Magento. It discusses what a CMS is and examples like Magento's CMS which allows managing rich content and pages. Magento is introduced as an open source e-commerce application using the Zend framework and EAV database model. The document outlines Magento's features, system requirements, and provides a step-by-step guide to installing Magento.
Some problems of ambiguity in translation with reference to english and arabicfalah_hasan77
1. Ambiguity in translation refers to words, terms or concepts that have more than one possible meaning. This can cause unclear or misleading interpretations when translating between languages.
2. Some common causes of ambiguity include pronouns without clear referents, words with multiple meanings, and syntactic structures that can have more than one interpretation.
3. There are two main types of ambiguity - lexical, which occurs with individual words, and structural, which occurs with phrases or sentences that can have multiple syntactic structures. Identifying and addressing ambiguity is an important part of accurate translation.
SharePoint Site IA Architecture Design Considerations - Innovate Vancouver.pdfInnovate Vancouver
This document discusses different options for structuring an intranet site. It begins by explaining the goals of intranet design including easy navigation, searchability, and content management. It then presents 4 options for structuring the site:
1) By strategic pillars with departments organized underneath each pillar.
2) By organizational structure with departments as top-level sections.
3) A hybrid model with pillars as top headers and departments structured underneath.
4) Allowing different views like pillars or the organizational chart as headers.
It evaluates each option based on navigation, content management, adherence to policies, and supporting engagement. The best structure would logically organize content, be intuitive to navigate, and easily manage content
Vinay and Darblernet's Model of Translation.pptPariNaz10
Since 1950s there has been a wide variety of linguistics approaches to the analysis of translation that has proposed a detailed list of taxonomies to categories the translation process.
The book has presented a small number of best known and most representative models.
Vinay and Darblenet’s taxonomy in Stylistique
Catford’s linguitics approach.
They carried out comparative stylistics analysis of English-French.
Noted the differences between the languages and noted the strategies and procedures in translation.
Vinay and Darblenet’s
Two main strategies are
Direct and Oblique translation also known as Literal vs. Free translation.
The two comprised of seven out of which Direct covers three .Borrowing.
The SL word is transferred directly to the TL.
Word originated in one language is also used in another language.
Reasons:
Sometimes borrowings are employed to add local colour (pétanque, armagnac and bastide in a tourist brochure about south west France, for instance)
No existing word or concept in the target language.
Examples:
Internet, Jalebi, Piano etc.
Also known as loan translation.
Alternative of borrowing.
Phrase borrowed from another language and literally translated from word for word. 4. Transposition.
This is a change of one part of speech for another without changing the sense
Operates at grammatical level.
Replacement of word class by another word class without changing the meaning.
Within the same language:
Reconstruction of the city is very important.
Reconstructing the city is very important.
To reconstruct the city is very important.
In different language.
He writes neatly وہ صفا ي سے لکھتا ہے۔ (Adjective صفا ي is converted into Adverb neatly).
This changes the semantics and point of view of the SL
tries to maintain naturalness by using various form the message done by changing the point of view
chosen when translators find that literal translation would result in awkward or unnatural translation. Vinay and Darblenet regarded modulation as “the touchstone of a good translator” whereas transposition ‘simply shows a very good command of the target language
This involves changing the cultural reference when a situation in the source culture does not exist in the target culture.
Adaptations, also known as “Free Translations” are when the translator substitutes cultural realities or scenarios for which there is no reference in the target language.
Power Platform Architecture CorrectionsYusuke Ohira
Power Platform architecture for a variety of business requirements.
This is a part of the material presented at the Power Platform User Meeting held at Microsoft headquarters in July 2019.
Catford defines translation as the replacement of textual material in one language (SL) by equivalent textual material in another language (TL). A Formal Correspondence is any TL category which may be said to occupy the same place in the economy of TL as the given SL category occupies in the SL.
A Textual Equivalent is any TL text or portion of text which is to be equivalent of a given SL text or portion of text.The small linguistic changes that occur between ST and TT are known as translation shifts.A level shit would be something which is expressed by grammar in one language and lexis in another.These shifts are from one part of speech to another.
When a SL item is translated with TL item which belongs to a different class. A verb may be translated as a noun.
TYPO3 Congres 2012 - Aan de slag met TYPO3 Extbase en FluidTYPO3 Nederland
Met de lancering van de nieuwste TYPO3 CMS versies wordt het belang van werken met Extbase en Fluid steeds groter. Wanneer je nog extensies ontwikkelt op basis van pi_base of je wilt graag extensies gaan ontwikkelen maar je vindt de drempel is hoog, in deze sessie leer je de basics van een extase / fluid extensie en zie je hoe eenvoudig het is om extensies te ontwikkelen.
Henjo Hoeksma
Na enkele jaren als hobby met TYPO3 gewerkt te hebben, heeft Henjo zijn beroep gemaakt van het ontwikkelen van websites en webapplicaties op basis van het TYPO3 framework. Na een korte periode gewerkt te hebben als ontwikkelaar bij alterNET en een internationaal bedrijf in LED verlichting is hij als freelancer aan de slag gegaan.
Met een passie voor nieuwe technieken, kwalitatieve oplossingen & code en de TYPO3 producten & community ondersteunt hij vanuit zijn bedrijf Stylence zowel grote als minder grote organisaties in de ontwikkeling van websites en maatwerk oplossingen.
Presentatie van de SRM-workshop 'Grafische technieken en drukwerkbegeleidng voor functionarissen in marketing en communicatie'.
Meer info op www.graficum.nl
6. bestanden
• bestandsformaten:
• PDF, JPEG, PNG en TIFF
• de bestandsgrootte/-formaat heeft een impact op de oplaad-/verwerkingstijd
• JPEG = veel gebruikt formaat
• beeldkwaliteit:
• bestanden op minimaal 300 dpi gedigitaliseerd
• voldoende wit-zwart contrast
• heb aandacht voor de stand van het document tijdens het digitaliseren
7. opladen: collecties
tab ‘server’
• gebruikers:
• ‘Manage user’
• Transkribus gebruikers
zoeken via hun email-adres
• rol toekennen
Zoeken via
email
Rol toekennen
8. opladen: collecties
tab ‘server’
• dupliceren vs toevoegen aan
diverse collecties:
• optie ‘Link to different collection’
• groen “+” icoontje
• werken in een en hetzelfde
document
• optie ‘Duplicate/copy’
• pagina icoontje
• werken op een kopie van het
document
9. opladen: oplaadmogelijkheden
tab ‘server’ - map icoontje
• eigen scans
• ‘importeren naar server’ is de meest
duurzame optie
• ken steeds een (gestructureerde) titel en
collectie toe
• Transkribus laadt enkel mappen op geen
beelden
• structureer beelden per editie in een map
• impact op de export
• opladen in bulk
• via FTP server ‘ftp://transkribus.eu/’
• ideaal voor grote bestanden of datasets
• bestanden ophalen via ‘Upload via
private FTP’
11. introductie
Transkribus als tool voor:
• uitvoeren automatische HTR en OCR processen
• opstellen van Ground Truth bestanden
• bestanden met foutvrije segmentatie en tekst ifv onderzoek of het trainen van
modellen
Ground Truth productie
• stap 1: handmatige layout analyse of correctie HTR/OCR
• proces waarbij de structuur van een scan wordt gedefinieerd
• basisstructuur: regio’s, lijnen en leesvolgorde
• stap 2: handmatige transcriptie of correctie HTR/OCR
12. handmatige segmentatie: voorbereiding
viewing profile
• kleine visuele aanpassingen ifv uit te
voeren taak
• bovenste werkbalk > profiles
• default: standaard interface
• segmentation: profiel voor segmentatie
met contrasterende kleuren
• transcription
• transcription InvisibleTabs
• optie eigen profiel samenstellen
14. handmatige segmentatie: regio’s
regio’s
• gebieden die structureel en
inhoudelijk van elkaar
verschillen
• voorbeeld (afbeelding)
• tekst = TextRegion
• separatoren = SeparatorRegion
• foto’s = ImageRegion
• kader = GraphicRegion
15. handmatige segmentatie: regio’s
algemene regel
• overlap vermijden
canvas-menu
• verticale werkbalk in het
midden van het scherm
• bevat alle functionaliteiten voor
segmentatie
16. handmatige segmentatie: regio’s
soorten regio’s
• + TR: tekstregio's
• + ...
• Table: tabellen
• Printspace: overkoepelende regio waar alle
tekst zich in bevindt
• Graphic: decoraties en tekeningen
• Image: foto’s en illustraties
• Seperator: separatoren (schedingslijnen)
• Noise: beschadigde delen
17. Oefening regio’s
1. kies een pagina uit jouw collectie
a. in de collectie gedeeld door Amber kan je
verschillende pagina’s terugvinden
b. ga naar de bovenste werkbalk en blader door
de pagina’s dmv de blauwe pijlen
1. duid alle of zoveel mogelijk regio’s aan
afhankelijk van de grote van jouw pagina
a. ga naar het canvas-menu
b. gebruik ‘TR’ voor tekstregio’s
c. ga naar ‘+...’ voor andere type regio’s
d. gebruik de escape toets om terug over te
schakelen naar de gewone cursor
18. handmatige segmentatie: correctie
regio aanpassen door:
• regio te selecteren en te verschuiven,
vergroten en verkleinen met je muis
• via de tools van het canvas-menu
• passer met plus: punten toevoegen om
rechthoekige vorm van de regio te
wijzigen
• passer met min: punten verwijderen om
de rechthoekige vorm van de regio te
wijzigen
• schaar met H: regio horizontaal te splitsen
• schaar met V: regio verticaal te splitsen
• pijl: om regio’s van eenzelfde soort samen
te voegen
19. Oefening correctie
1. voeg twee gelijksoortige regio’s samen met de
samenvoegfunctie en splits ze weer op met de knipfunctie
(opdracht kan ook omgekeerd)
2. pas de vorm van een regio aan door punten toe te voegen
3. pas de vorm van een regio aan door punten te verwijderen
20. handmatige segmentatie: baselines
baselines: stap na het zetten van regio’s
• deze definiëren waar een regel staat binnen een bepaalde
regio
algemene regels
• iedere regel binnen een regio > nieuwe baseline
• een baseline start iets voor de eerste letter van de zin en eindig
iets na de laatste
• mogen niet onderling of met regio’s overlappen
21. handmatige segmentatie: baselines
canvas-menu > + BL
uitvoering
• iets voor de eerste letter van de regel staan met
cursor
• klik éénmaal
• verplaats de cursor iets voorbij de laatste letter
van de regel
• dubbelklik
corrigeren
• idem regio
22. Oefening baselines
1. trek baselines voor één regio op jouw pagina
a. trek één lijn te lang
b. trek één lijn te kort
2. test nogmaals de correctietools uit
a. selecteer de te lange baseline en maak het korter door een
punt te verwijderen
b. selecteer de te korte baseline maak het langer door een
punt toe te voegen
c. selecteer een baseline en splits deze in twee en voeg deze
weer samen
23. handmatige segmentatie: leesvolgorde
laatste stap: leesvolgorde controleren
van de regio’s en baselines
• de volgorde waarin een tekst
wordt gelezen
zichtbaarheid
• bovenste werkbalk > ‘Shape
visibility’ > ‘Show regions reading
order’ en ‘Show lines reading
order’ aanvinken
algemeen principe
• van boven naar onder en van links
naar rechts
24. Oefening leesvolgorde
1. controleer de leesvolgorde en pas aan waar nodig
a. geen foute leesvolgorde?
i. klik op een nummer en geeft het een fout nummer
ii. corrigeer het foute nummer
26. Automatische processen: toepassen
hoofdmenu > tab ‘Tools’ > sectie layout analysis
simpele scans
• methode: CITlab Advanced
• uit te voeren op
• Current page
• Pages
• Current collection
• aanvinken
• Find Text Regions
• Find Text Lines
• Run…
• corrigeren
27. Automatische processen: toepassen
hoofdmenu > tab ‘Tools’ > sectie ‘layout analysis’
complexere scans
• stap 1
• methode: Printed Block Detection
• uit te voeren op
• Current page
• Pages
• Current collection
• aanvinken
• Find Text Regions
• Run…
28. Automatische processen: toepassen
hoofdmenu > tab ‘Tools’ > sectie layout analysis
• stap 2
• methode: CITlab Advanced
• uit te voeren op
• Current page
• Pages
• Current collection
• aanvinken
• Find Lines in Regions
• Run…
• corrigeren
29. Oefening automatische processen
1. start met een blanco scan
a. via versiegeschiedenis kan je onder status ‘NEW’ terugkeren naar
een blanco scan
b. vergeet niet om deze op te slaan via ‘ctrl+s’
2. pas een automatische proces toe
a. bepaal welke proces geschikt is
i. simpele scan?
ii. complexere scan?
b. pas toe
34. handmatige transcriptie
• Viewing profiles
• voorgeprogrammeerd
• zelf instellen
• teksteditor > sleutel-icoontje :
• bij ‘profiles’ > “save current as new profile”
36. Oefening transcriptie
1. Kies uit je persoonlijke reader een pagina naar wens
2. Zorg ervoor dat de regions en lijnen aangeduid zijn, en dat de te
transcriberen lijnen (baselines) er ‘goed’ uitzien
3. Selecteer het transcriptie viewing profiel
4. Start met transcriberen!
49. introductie: Transkribus Lite
webgebaseerde versie Transkribus
vergemakkelijkt samenwerking
• https://transkribus.eu/lite/
• gebruiksvriendelijke interface
• oorspronkelijk ontwikkeld voor
het maken van transcripties
recente updates
• maken nu ook mogelijk om de
automatische HTR en OCR te
gebruiken
• aanwezigheid van oude en
nieuwe interface
51. voorbereiding
3. training
• werking interface
• richtlijnen
4. communicatie
• status Transkribus
• In Progress
• Done
• Final
• Ground Truth
• samenwerkingsdocument
• opmerkingen
• extra vermelding status