1. A lathe is a machine tool that removes metal from a workpiece to create a desired shape and size by rotating the workpiece against various cutting tools. It operates on the principle of a rotating workpiece and a fixed cutting tool.
2. The main parts of a lathe include the bed, headstock, tailstock, and carriage. The bed provides the foundation, the headstock holds and rotates the workpiece, the tailstock supports the other end of the workpiece, and the carriage supports the cutting tool.
3. Common lathe operations include turning, facing, tapering, contouring, threading, boring, drilling, chamfering, cutoff,
What does clamping mean in context of jigs and fixtures?
Principles of Clamping
Different types of Clamping Devices, their advantaged and disadvantages
In this ppt I have given the mechanism, functions and working of the Crank Sliding Link Cylinder Mechanism, the images in gif have been given for the viewers to understand thoroughly the concept of this topic and disadvantages and calculation.
What does clamping mean in context of jigs and fixtures?
Principles of Clamping
Different types of Clamping Devices, their advantaged and disadvantages
In this ppt I have given the mechanism, functions and working of the Crank Sliding Link Cylinder Mechanism, the images in gif have been given for the viewers to understand thoroughly the concept of this topic and disadvantages and calculation.
i hope, it will helpful to the students and peoples in the search of topics mentioned
it is informative to study to even get passing marks or for revision
IN THIS PRESENTATION CONSIST ON LATHE AND ITS TYPES EXPLAIN SHORT &
SWEET WITH GRAPHICAL REPRESENTATION
Note : PART-A CONTINUOUS..... Remaining Unit Update soon ...WIsh you Happy Learning.....
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Hierarchical Digital Twin of a Naval Power SystemKerry Sado
A hierarchical digital twin of a Naval DC power system has been developed and experimentally verified. Similar to other state-of-the-art digital twins, this technology creates a digital replica of the physical system executed in real-time or faster, which can modify hardware controls. However, its advantage stems from distributing computational efforts by utilizing a hierarchical structure composed of lower-level digital twin blocks and a higher-level system digital twin. Each digital twin block is associated with a physical subsystem of the hardware and communicates with a singular system digital twin, which creates a system-level response. By extracting information from each level of the hierarchy, power system controls of the hardware were reconfigured autonomously. This hierarchical digital twin development offers several advantages over other digital twins, particularly in the field of naval power systems. The hierarchical structure allows for greater computational efficiency and scalability while the ability to autonomously reconfigure hardware controls offers increased flexibility and responsiveness. The hierarchical decomposition and models utilized were well aligned with the physical twin, as indicated by the maximum deviations between the developed digital twin hierarchy and the hardware.
About
Indigenized remote control interface card suitable for MAFI system CCR equipment. Compatible for IDM8000 CCR. Backplane mounted serial and TCP/Ethernet communication module for CCR remote access. IDM 8000 CCR remote control on serial and TCP protocol.
• Remote control: Parallel or serial interface.
• Compatible with MAFI CCR system.
• Compatible with IDM8000 CCR.
• Compatible with Backplane mount serial communication.
• Compatible with commercial and Defence aviation CCR system.
• Remote control system for accessing CCR and allied system over serial or TCP.
• Indigenized local Support/presence in India.
• Easy in configuration using DIP switches.
Technical Specifications
Indigenized remote control interface card suitable for MAFI system CCR equipment. Compatible for IDM8000 CCR. Backplane mounted serial and TCP/Ethernet communication module for CCR remote access. IDM 8000 CCR remote control on serial and TCP protocol.
Key Features
Indigenized remote control interface card suitable for MAFI system CCR equipment. Compatible for IDM8000 CCR. Backplane mounted serial and TCP/Ethernet communication module for CCR remote access. IDM 8000 CCR remote control on serial and TCP protocol.
• Remote control: Parallel or serial interface
• Compatible with MAFI CCR system
• Copatiable with IDM8000 CCR
• Compatible with Backplane mount serial communication.
• Compatible with commercial and Defence aviation CCR system.
• Remote control system for accessing CCR and allied system over serial or TCP.
• Indigenized local Support/presence in India.
Application
• Remote control: Parallel or serial interface.
• Compatible with MAFI CCR system.
• Compatible with IDM8000 CCR.
• Compatible with Backplane mount serial communication.
• Compatible with commercial and Defence aviation CCR system.
• Remote control system for accessing CCR and allied system over serial or TCP.
• Indigenized local Support/presence in India.
• Easy in configuration using DIP switches.
Industrial Training at Shahjalal Fertilizer Company Limited (SFCL)MdTanvirMahtab2
This presentation is about the working procedure of Shahjalal Fertilizer Company Limited (SFCL). A Govt. owned Company of Bangladesh Chemical Industries Corporation under Ministry of Industries.
Immunizing Image Classifiers Against Localized Adversary Attacksgerogepatton
This paper addresses the vulnerability of deep learning models, particularly convolutional neural networks
(CNN)s, to adversarial attacks and presents a proactive training technique designed to counter them. We
introduce a novel volumization algorithm, which transforms 2D images into 3D volumetric representations.
When combined with 3D convolution and deep curriculum learning optimization (CLO), itsignificantly improves
the immunity of models against localized universal attacks by up to 40%. We evaluate our proposed approach
using contemporary CNN architectures and the modified Canadian Institute for Advanced Research (CIFAR-10
and CIFAR-100) and ImageNet Large Scale Visual Recognition Challenge (ILSVRC12) datasets, showcasing
accuracy improvements over previous techniques. The results indicate that the combination of the volumetric
input and curriculum learning holds significant promise for mitigating adversarial attacks without necessitating
adversary training.
Explore the innovative world of trenchless pipe repair with our comprehensive guide, "The Benefits and Techniques of Trenchless Pipe Repair." This document delves into the modern methods of repairing underground pipes without the need for extensive excavation, highlighting the numerous advantages and the latest techniques used in the industry.
Learn about the cost savings, reduced environmental impact, and minimal disruption associated with trenchless technology. Discover detailed explanations of popular techniques such as pipe bursting, cured-in-place pipe (CIPP) lining, and directional drilling. Understand how these methods can be applied to various types of infrastructure, from residential plumbing to large-scale municipal systems.
Ideal for homeowners, contractors, engineers, and anyone interested in modern plumbing solutions, this guide provides valuable insights into why trenchless pipe repair is becoming the preferred choice for pipe rehabilitation. Stay informed about the latest advancements and best practices in the field.
Welcome to WIPAC Monthly the magazine brought to you by the LinkedIn Group Water Industry Process Automation & Control.
In this month's edition, along with this month's industry news to celebrate the 13 years since the group was created we have articles including
A case study of the used of Advanced Process Control at the Wastewater Treatment works at Lleida in Spain
A look back on an article on smart wastewater networks in order to see how the industry has measured up in the interim around the adoption of Digital Transformation in the Water Industry.
Hybrid optimization of pumped hydro system and solar- Engr. Abdul-Azeez.pdffxintegritypublishin
Advancements in technology unveil a myriad of electrical and electronic breakthroughs geared towards efficiently harnessing limited resources to meet human energy demands. The optimization of hybrid solar PV panels and pumped hydro energy supply systems plays a pivotal role in utilizing natural resources effectively. This initiative not only benefits humanity but also fosters environmental sustainability. The study investigated the design optimization of these hybrid systems, focusing on understanding solar radiation patterns, identifying geographical influences on solar radiation, formulating a mathematical model for system optimization, and determining the optimal configuration of PV panels and pumped hydro storage. Through a comparative analysis approach and eight weeks of data collection, the study addressed key research questions related to solar radiation patterns and optimal system design. The findings highlighted regions with heightened solar radiation levels, showcasing substantial potential for power generation and emphasizing the system's efficiency. Optimizing system design significantly boosted power generation, promoted renewable energy utilization, and enhanced energy storage capacity. The study underscored the benefits of optimizing hybrid solar PV panels and pumped hydro energy supply systems for sustainable energy usage. Optimizing the design of solar PV panels and pumped hydro energy supply systems as examined across diverse climatic conditions in a developing country, not only enhances power generation but also improves the integration of renewable energy sources and boosts energy storage capacities, particularly beneficial for less economically prosperous regions. Additionally, the study provides valuable insights for advancing energy research in economically viable areas. Recommendations included conducting site-specific assessments, utilizing advanced modeling tools, implementing regular maintenance protocols, and enhancing communication among system components.
Student information management system project report ii.pdfKamal Acharya
Our project explains about the student management. This project mainly explains the various actions related to student details. This project shows some ease in adding, editing and deleting the student details. It also provides a less time consuming process for viewing, adding, editing and deleting the marks of the students.
1. Lathe and Lathe Operation
Tribhuvan University
Institute of Engineering (IOE)
Himalaya College of Engineering
Prepared By: Er. Amrit Tiwari
Lecturer
Himalaya College of Engineering
“the mother/father of the entire tool family”.
2. Definition
Lathe is a machine, which removes the metal from a piece of work to the
required shape and size.
Lathe is one of the most important machine tools in the metal working
industry.
A lathe operates on the principle of a rotating workpiece and a fixed cutting
tool.
The cutting tool is feed into the workpiece, which rotates about its own axis,
causing the workpiece to be formed to the desired shape.
Lathe machine is also known as “the mother/father of the entire tool
family”.
3. Principal Parts of Lathe
Lathe Machine is also known as “Centre Lathe”,
because it has two centers between which the job
can be held and rotated.
The main parts of center lathe are:
Bed
Head stock
Tail stock
Carriage etc
5. 1.Bed:
•It is the base or foundation of lathe.
•It is heavy and single piece
casting made to support other parts.
•Two sets of guide ways are at the top
for carriage and tail stock.
•Outer ways is for carriage and inner
ways is for the tailstock.
•Bed length is one of the specifications of lathe.
Principal Parts of Lathe
6. 2. Headstock:
•Permanently fastened on the inner
ways at the left side of the bed.
•Headstock spindle is hollow cylindrical
shaft supported by bearing, and provides
driving from motor to the holding device.
•A live center and sleeve, a face plate, or chuck can be fitted to the spindle nose to
hold and drive the work.
Principal Parts of Lathe
7. 3. Tailstock
•It is situated at opposite side of headstock,
mounted on the inner guide ways of the
lathe bed.
•It can be locked at any position along the
bed.
•Tailstock spindle is hollow tapered shaft,
that can be used to hold the dead center
or other tools.
•Hand wheel is used to fix the position of the dead center with spindle.
Principal Parts of Lathe
8. 4. Carriage:
•Carriage controls and supports the
cutting tool.
•By its help tool moves away or towards
the headstock.
Principal Parts of Lathe
9. Types of Lathe
Engine Lathe or center lathe
• It is most common type of lathe and is widely used in workshop.
• The speed of the spindle can be widely varied as desired which is not possible in a
speed lathe.
Bench Lathe
• Small lathe which can mounted on the work bench
• It is used to make small precision and light jobs.
Speed lathe
• It is named because of the very high speed of the head stock spindle.
• Consists head stock, a tail stock and tool post. it has no gear box.
• Applicable in wood turning, metal spinning and operations.
10. Tool room lathe :
• It is similar to an engine lathe, designed for obtaining accuracy.
• It is used for manufacturing precision components, dies, tools, jigs etc. and hence it
is called as tool room lathe.
Automatic Lathe
• A lathe in which the work piece is automatically fed and removed
without use of an operator.
• It requires very less attention after the setup has been made and the
machine loaded.
Types of Lathe
11. Turret Lathe
• Turret lathe is the adaptation of the engine lathe
where the tail stock is replaced by a turret slide
(cylindrical or hexagonal).
• Tool post of the engine lathe is replaced by a
cross slide which can hold number of tools.
Capstan lathe
• These are similar to turret lathe with the difference that turret is not
fixed but moves on an auxiliary slide. These are used for fast production
of small parts.
Types of Lathe
12.
13. Lathe Operation
Facing :
The tool is fed radially into the
rotating work on one end to create a
flat surface on the end.
14. Turning
Instead of feeding the tool radially , the tool
is fed parallel to axis of workpiece to remove
the material from outside diameter
Lathe Operation
15. Taper turning
Instead of feeding the tool parallel to
the axis of rotation of the work, the tool
is fed at an angle, thus creating a tapered
cylinder or conical shape
Lathe Operation
16. Contour turning
Instead of feeding the tool along a
straight line parallel to the axis of
rotation as in turning, the tool follows
a contour that is other than straight,
thus creating a contoured form in the
turned part
Lathe Operation
17. Form turning
In this operation, sometimes called
forming, the tool has a shape that is
imparted to the work by plunging the
tool radially into the work.
Lathe Operation
18. Chamfering
The cutting edge of the tool is used to
cut an angle on the corner of the
cylinder, forming what is called a
‘‘chamfer”
Lathe Operation
19. Cutoff
The tool is fed radially into the
rotating work at some location along
its length to cut off the end of the part.
This operation is sometimes referred
to as parting
Lathe Operation
20. Threading
A pointed tool is fed linearly across
the outside surface of the rotating
work part in a direction parallel to the
axis of rotation at a large effective feed
rate, thus creating threads in the
cylinder.
Lathe Operation
21. Boring
A single-point tool is fed linearly,
parallel to the axis of rotation, on the
inside diameter of an existing hole in
the part
Lathe Operation
22. Drilling
Drilling can be performed on a lathe
by feeding the drill into the rotating
work along its axis. Reaming can be
performed in a similar way
Lathe Operation
23. Knurling
This is not a machining operation
because it does not involve cutting of
material. Instead, it is a metal forming
operation used to produce a regular
crosshatched pattern in the work
surface.
Lathe Operation
26. Tool Angles
Different angle in construction of cutting tool
• Rake Angle
• Clearance angle
• Relief angle
Single point cutting tools
27. Work Holding Devices
• The work holding devices are used to hold and rotate the workpieces along with
the spindle.
• Different work holding devices are used according to the shape, length, diameter
and weight of the workpiece and the location of turning on the work.
• Chucks
• Face plate
• Driving plate
• Catch plate
• Carriers
• Mandrels
• Centers
28. Chucks
Work pieces of short length, large diameter and irregular shapes, which can not be
mounted between centres, are held quickly and rigidly in chuck
• Three jaw universal chuck
• Four jaw independent chuck
• Magnetic chuck
• Collet chuck
Work Holding Devices
29. Work Holding Devices
• Three jaws made to slide at the
same time by an equal amount by
rotating any one of the three
pinions by chuck key
• For holding and rotating regular
shaped workpeice
Three Jaw Universal Chuck
30. Work Holding Devices
• Four jaws, each is moved
independently by rotating
a screw with help of chuck
key.
• Can hold works of irregular
shapes
• Takes more time to set the
work aligned with the lathe
axis
Four Jaw Independent Chuck
31. Work Holding Devices
• Holding power is obtained by the magnetic flux
radiating from the electromagnet placed inside the
chuck
• Work pieces made up of magnetic material only are
held
• Very small, thin and lights works which cannot be
held on ordinary chuck are held in this chuck
Magnetic Chuck
34. Safety in Lathe Operation
• Wear appropriate safety glasses
• Make sure entanglement hazards are removed (e.g. loose clothing, jewellery, etc.).
Tie back and confine long hair.
• Make sure the lathe has a start/stop button within easy reach of the operator.
• Follow job specifications for the speed, feed and depth of cut for materials being
turned. Make sure all work runs true and centered.
• Secure and clamp the piece being worked.
• Remove chuck wrench immediately after adjusting chuck.
35. • Remove all tools, measuring instruments and other objects from saddle or lathe
bed before starting machine.
• Shut off the power supply to the motor before mounting or removing accessories.
• Stop lathe before taking measurements of any kind.
• Keep working surface clean of scraps, tools and materials.
• Keep floor around lathe clean and free of oil and grease.
Safety in Lathe Operation