The document discusses the working of a magneto ignition system used in internal combustion engines, detailing its components, such as armature, primary and secondary windings, and spark plug. It explains the principles of operation, including how the system generates a spark necessary for fuel ignition and the advantages and disadvantages compared to battery ignition systems. Key advantages highlighted include lower maintenance and space requirements, while disadvantages include higher costs and potential starting issues.

1. ASSIGNMENT
NAME OF COURSE: TRACTOR AND
AUTOMOTIVE ENGINES
COURSE NO: FMP-201
DEPARTMENT: COLLEGE OF
AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERING
SUBMITTED BY-
NAME: ADITYA PRASAD SAHU
ROLL NO: 1904101007
BATCH: 2019
SEMESTER: IV
SUBMITTED TO-
NAME: DR. P.K. PRANAV

2. TOPIC :
WORKING OF MAGNETO IGNITION SYSTEM

3. IGNITION SYSTEM
 Generates A Spark Or Heats An Electrode To A High Temperature To
Ignite A Fuel-air Mixture
Functions
PRODUCES 30,000 Volt Spark Across Spark Plug
DISTRIBUTES High Voltage Spark To Each Spark Plug In Correct Sequence
TIMES The Spark So It Occurs As Piston Is Nearing Top Dead Center
VARIES Spark timing with load, speed, and other conditions
 Basically Convectional Ignition Systems Are Of 2 Types :
(a) Battery Or Coil Ignition System, And
(b) Magneto Ignition System
 Both These Conventional, Ignition Systems Work On Mutual
Electromagnetic Induction Principle.

4. MAGNETO IGNITION SYSTEM
Magneto ignition system is an ignition system in which magneto is used
[produces high voltage] for the generation of electricity for producing spark
in IC Engine.
It is similar to the battery ignition system but the magnet is used here
instead of a battery to generate a high spark at the spark plug.
PARTS OF MAGNETO IGNITION SYSTEM
Magneto Ignition system is consist of the following parts:
A. IGNITION SWITCH
It controls the magneto ignition system.
B. ARMATURE
It carries alternating current.

5. C. PRIMARY WINDING
The main function of this winding is to draw the power from the
source.
D. SECONDARY WINDING
This winding has more turns of wire as compared to the primary
winding. This is connected to the Distributor.
E. CONDENSER
The highly charged condenser discharges itself into the primary
circuit and this produces a rapid change in the magnetic flux.
F. SPARK PLUG
The main work of the spark plug is firing the explosive mixture in the
IC engine.

6. G. CONTACT BREAKER
The contact breaker is regulated by the cam and when the breaker
is open, current flows through the capacitor and charges it.
H. CAM
Cam is connected to the North and south magnet.
I. DISTRIBUTOR
This is connected to the spark plug and Distributor having the rotor.
J. MAGNETS
The magnetic circuit consists of a permanent multi pole
rotating magnet a soft iron core and pole shoes. The poles of the
magnet are arranged in alternate polarity so that the flux can pass
out of the north pole through the coil core and back to the south
pole of the magnet.

7. MAGNETO IGNITION SYSTEM

8. WORKING PRINCIPLE
When the engine starts, the cam rotates which also rotates the magnet
connected to the other end of the shaft.
When the magnet rotates , the magnetic flux is generated , because of this
flux, the current will be produced in the primary winding.
As the secondary winding is connected with the primary winding, the
current also travels in the secondary winding.
At the maximum current, the flux starts reducing and it will be zero at a
particular point and at that point, the contact breakers will open and the
circuit will break.
When the contact breakers open, the current from primary winding will
enter into the condenser and charges it.
Due to this, the primary current falls and the magnetic field collapses. A
large amount of current from the condenser enters into the secondary
winding which will step up the voltage.
The voltage generated is sent to the distributor for distributing the ignition
surges to individual spark plugs in the correct sequence with respect to
the firing order.

10. ADVANTAGES
This system requires less maintenance as
compared to the Battery ignition system.
This is more useful because no battery is used.
It occupies less space.
DISADVANTAGES
It is costly to manufacture and to replace it’s
component parts.
There is possibility of misfire due to leakage
because wiring carry vary high voltage.
It has starting problem due to low cranking speed
at starting.

11. Thank You!