This document discusses artistic skills and techniques used by contemporary Philippine artists from different regions. It begins by reviewing arts and crafts from Mindanao showcased in the previous lesson. It then explains that many contemporary artists are self-taught and develop their skills through experimentation and interaction with other artists. The document proceeds to define artistic skills as abilities possessed by fine artists and discusses different mediums used in various art forms. It also defines technique as how artists manipulate materials to achieve desired effects. The document concludes by providing examples of specific techniques like collage, graffiti, and printmaking.

1. Contemporary Philippine Arts
from the Regions Applies Artistic
Skills and Techniques in the process
of creation

2. The previous lesson scanned the arts and
crafts in Mindanao. We were able to study the
attire, textiles, and tapestries created by B’laan,
Bagobos, T’boli, Maranaos and Yakan groups. We
also recognized some Mindananoan contemporary
artists and their masterpieces. These artists
shared some of their techniques in making
contemporary artworks. These artistic skills and
techniques will be elaborated in this lesson.

3. Many contemporary artists do not have formal
studies in the fine arts. Many of them are self-
taught. Concerned with the development of their
talent and skills in artmaking, they study on their
own, interact with artists and read a lot about lives
of artists and their artworks. They also explore the
materials in hardware stores, experiment with
chemical reactions on their base material. Some
hire resin makers, house painters and materials
fabricators to help them in constructing artworks.

4. In this lesson, we will learn the meaning
of “artistic skill” and “technique” through
actual and hands-on activities. We will also
learn that artists’ choice of material and how
they use these materials are at the heart of
making art, and that these involves process
and transformation.

5. ARTISTIC SKILLS with the broadening of the art world,
many people are getting confused about what qualifies
as an artistic skill. Artistic skills are abilities that are
possessed by artists who operate within a fine art
capacity.
Each artist uses different mediums to develop their
artistic skills. A medium is defined as the material, or the
substance out of which a work is made. Through these
materials, the artists express and communicate feelings
and ideas.
The medium also defines the nature of the art form as
follows:

6. 1. The SCULPTOR uses metal, wood, stone, clay,
and glass. Sculptures fall within the category of
“three-dimensional” arts because they occupy
space and have volume. Pottery is a form of
sculpture. Other examples are nudes or figures
such as Guillermo Tolentino’s Oblation, ritual
objects such as bulul wood carvings in the
cordillera, or the santos or carvings of saints in
Christian churches.

7. 2. The ARCHITECT uses wood, bamboo,
bricks, stone, concrete and various
building materials. Buildings are also
called “three-dimensional”. However,
architecture has the added element of
time since we move into structures.

9. 4. The PRINTMAKER uses ink printed or
transferred on a surface (wood, metal plates, or
silk screen) that is keeping with a duplicating or
reproducing process. Prints and paintings are
further classified as “two- dimensional” arts,
because they include the surface or ground on
which coloring substances are applied. However,
while paintings are unique and one-of-a kind,
prints can be reproduced in several pre-
determined editions.

10. 5. The MUSICIAN uses sound and
instruments (including human voice),
while the dancers use the body. A T’boli
chanter sings creation stories in a way
that is different from a classical singer
or pop music influenced by the Western
music scale

11. 6. The DANCER uses her body and its
movement. Dance is often accompanied
by music, but there are dances that do
not rely on musical accompaniment to
be realized. Dance can tell stories, but
the other times, they convey abstract
ideas that do not rely on a narrative.

12. 7. The THEATER artist integrates all
the arts and uses the stage,
production design, performance
elements, and script to enable the
visual, musical, dance and other
aspects to come together as a whole
work.

13. 8. The photographer and filmmaker use the
camera to record the outside world. The
filmmaker uses the cinematographic camera to
record and put together production design, sound
engineering, performance, and screenplay. In
digital photography and film, the images can be
assimilated into the computer, thus eliminating
the need for celluloid or negatives, processing
chemicals, or print.

14. 9. The writer of a novel, poetry,
nonfiction, and fiction uses words.
The designer, the performance artist
and installation artist combine use of the
range or materials above.

15. TECHNIQUE
Technique is the way artists use and
manipulate materials to achieve the desired
formal effect, and communicate the desired
concept, or meaning, according to his or
her personal style (modern, Neoclassic,
etc.). The distinctive character or nature of
the medium determines the technique.

16. Technique involves tools and
technology, ranging from most
traditional (for example carving,
silkscreen, analog photography, and
filmmaking) to the most contemporary
(digital photography, digital filmmaking,
music production, industrial design,
and robotics).

17. Here are some of art techniques used by artists.
1. Collage – is the technique of an art production
used in the visual arts where the artwork is made
from on assemblage of different forms, thus
creating a new whole. Collage may sometimes
include magazines and newspaper clippings,
ribbons, paints, bits of colored or handmade
papers, portions of other artwork or texts,
photographs, and other found objects, glued to a
piece of paper or canvas.

18. 2. Decollage – is the opposite of collage; instead of an
image is being built up all or parts of existing images, it
is created by cutting, treating away or otherwise
removing pieces of an original image. The French word
“Decollage” in English means “Take-off” or “To become
Unglued” or “To become unstuck”. Example of
decollage include cut-up technique. Similar technique is
the lacerated poster, a poster in which one has been
over another

19. 3. Graffiti – are writing or drawings that have
been scribed, scratched, or painted illicitly on a
wall or other surface, often in a public space.
Graffiti range from simple written words to
elaborate wall paintings. Graffiti may express
underlying social and political messages, and a
whole genre of artistic expression is based spray
paint graffiti styles.

20. 4. Land Art – earth works, or earth arts is an
art movement in which landscape and the
work of art are inextricably linked. It is also
an art form that is created in nature, using
natural materials such as soil, rock (bed
rock, bolders, stones), organic media (logs,
branches, leaves), and water which
introduced materials such as concrete,
metal asphalt, or mineral pigments.

21. 5. Digital Arts – is an artistic work or practice that uses digital
technology as an essential part of the creative or
presentation process. Digital art is work made with digital
technology or presented on digital technology. This includes
images done completely on computer or hand-drawn images
scanned into a computer and finished using a software
program like Adobe Illustrator. Digital art can also involve
animation and 3D virtual sculpture renderings as well as
projects that combine several technologies. Some digital art
involves manipulation of video images. After some
resistance, the impact of digital technology has transformed
activities such as paintings, drawing, sculpture, and
music/sound art, while new form such as net art.

22. 6. Mixed Media – It refers to a work of visual art that
combines various traditionally distinct visual art. For
example, work on canvas that combines paint, ink and
collage. When creating a painted or photograph work
using mixed media, it is important to choose the layers
carefully and allow enough dying time between the
layers to ensure the final work will have structural
integrity, if many different layers are imposed. Many
effects can be achieved by using mixed media. Found
objects can be used in conjunction with the traditional
artist to attain a wide range of selfexpression.

23. 7. Print Making – is the process of making artworks
by painting, normally in the paper. Prints are
created by transforming ink from a matrix ink from
a matrix or through a prepared screen to a sheet of
paper or other material. Common types of matrices
include metal plates, usually copper or zinc, or
polymer plates for engraving or etching; stone
aluminum of polymer for lithography; blocks of
wood crafts and wood graving; and linoleum for
linocuts. Screen made of silk or synthetic fabrics
are used for the screen-printing process.

24. 8. Frottage – is the technique of
rubbing with crayon on a piece of
paper which has been placed over an
object or an image. The impression of
the image can be created using
leaves, woods, wire screen, or metal
with embossed image or words.

25. 9. Decalcomania – is the process of
applying gouache to paper or glass
then transferring a reversal of the
image onto canvas or other flat
materials.

26. 10. Decoupage – is done by adhering cut-outs of paper and then
Coating these with one or transparent coating of varnish.

27. 11. Eggshell mosaic - is an artistic
technique that uses tiny parts of eggshell
to create a whole image or object.
Mosaics are usually assembled using
small tiles that are square, but they can
also be round or randomly shaped.

28. 12. Trapunto painting – is the technique used
by Pacita Abad where her canvases are
padded, sewn, and often filled with sequins,
beads, shell, buttons, tiny mirrors, bits of
glass, rickrack, swatches of precious textiles
and other things that she picks up from her
travels and journey.

29. Art is considered an “artifact’ when it is
directly experienced and perceived. It can be
spatial and static or unmoving (e.g., a
painting or building, or a novel) or time based
and in motion (e.g., a live theater production,
mobile sculpture).

30. Let’s have a short
QUIZ
(2 points each)

31. 1. Many contemporary artists do not have formal
studies in the fine arts. Many of them are self-
taught. Concerned with the development of their
talent and skills in artmaking, EXCEPT:
A. interact with artists,
B. they study on their own,
C. They just have dreams and put them into
writing, D. read a lot about lives of artists and their
artworks.

32. 2. In our lesson, we learned the meaning of
“artistic skill” and “technique” through actual
and hands-on activities. We also learned that
artists’ choice of material and how they used
these materials are at the heart of making art,
and that these involves…
A. Promotion and tradition
B. Progress and transition
C. Project and transportation
D. Process and transformation

33. 3. Artistic skills are ____________ that
are possessed by artists who operate
within a fine art capacity.
A. Abilities
B. Activities
C. Techniques
D. Virtues

34. 4. Each artist uses different mediums to
develop their artistic skills. How to define medium
anyway?
A. It is defined as the material
B. It is defined as the substance out of which a
work is made.
C. It is defined the nature of the art form as
follows like sculptor, the architect etc.
D. All of the above

35. 5. Technique is the way artists __________ and
___________ materials to achieve the desired
formal effect, and communicate the desired
concept, or meaning, according to his or her
personal style.
A. Control, manipulate
B. Drag, manipulate
C. Drive, manipulate
D. Use, manipulate

36. 6. An artwork made with digital
technology or presented on digital
technology. This includes images done
completely on the computer.
A. Collage
B. Print Making
C. Land art
D. Digital Art

37. 7. Earth work or Earth art movement
in which created in using natural
materials such as rock, soil, organic
media, and water.
A. Collage
B. Print Making
C. Land art
D. Digital Art

38. 8. It is the art process of making
artworks by painting normally in
the paper.
A. Collage
B. Print Making
C. Land art
D. Digital Art

39. 9. Instead of an image is being built up,
all parts of existing images, it is created
by cutting or treating away from its
original image.
A. Decollage
B. Print Making
C. Land art
D. Digital Art

40. 10. These are writings or drawing
that have been scribe, scratched, or
painted illicitly on a wall or other
surface often in a public space.
A. Land Arts
B. Digital Arts
C. Collage
D. Graffiti

41. SEAT WORK:
1. Please identify available raw materials
in your area and draw an image out of it.
(ex. Bamboo)
2. Please explain why did you choose
and draw such image and give its
significance in the place where you live
in.