Architecture is considered the most comprehensive of the arts as it assimilates elements of other art forms like painting, sculpture, music and poetry. It translates the beauties of these art forms into elegant buildings. Architecture creates functional spaces while sculpture creates objects, and paintings exist on two-dimensional surfaces. Historically, architects were expected to have broad knowledge of both art and science. Paintings, sculpture, and architecture can all provide insight into the people and era that produced them through how they depict personalities, likes, and lifestyle. These art forms often integrate with architecture through murals, statues, stained glass windows and other decorative elements.

1. THEORY OF ARCHITECTURE
ABIT-PMCA

2. B. ARCH - FIRST SEMESTER

4. 
What is an art?
Any human activity that requires skill and imagination for its production of beauty
is considered as an art. Art is both static and dynamic . The static art delight in
order and proportion . It deal with space and result in fine architecture and
paintings . The dynamic art delight in movements and rhythm. It deal with time
and result in music ,poetry and dance. Painting and dance appeals to the eye,
music to the ears and poetry to the mind .
Architecture is the most comprehensive of all arts and claims to be superior to all
the arts . It assimilate and translate all these beauties and faculties in to an elegant
building .

5. 
VISUAL ART
Visual art are the art forms that focus on the creation of works that are primarily
visual in nature such as paintings , photography ,film making , print and pattern
making . Those that involve 3D objects as sculpture and
architecture and also have a visual dimension to them are called plastic arts.
Many artistic disciplines like performing art and culinary art also involve aspects of
visual arts. Current uses of visual art include fine art as well as crafts. Before the
arts and crafts movements i.e. in the beginning of 20th century visual artists
were considered as person working in fine art and not on craft ,handicraft or
applied art skill.

6. 
EXAMPLES OF VISUAL ART

7. 
PLASTIC ART
Those visual arts that involve the usage of material that can be moulded in 3D , for
example clay , paint and plastic . Materials that can b e carved or shaped such as
stone , concrete or steel . Plastic art may also be referred to architecture ,glass and
ceramic art .

8. 
PERFORMING ART
Art in which action of an individual or a group at a particular place and time ,
constitute the work . It can happen any where at any time or for any length of time . It
can be any situation that involve four basic element i.e. time , space , performing
body and the audience . It include theatre , dance , music and circus related things like
fire breathing , jigging and gymnastics .

9. 
ABSTRACT ART
The art that does not depict object in the natural word but instead uses colour
and forms in a non representational way . In an abstract art all you see are colour ,
lines , patterns geometrical shapes and so on . it is an art that does not depict any
recognizable scenes and objects , but instead is made up of forms and colour that
exist for their own expressive sake. There are two type
of abstract paintings . First type of abstract painting portrays objects that have
been abstracted from the nature. Although what you see may not look realistic . It
is close enough that we can get idea of what we are looking at . Second type of
abstract paintings refers to a pure abstract art , it is even more difficult to
understand . Such paintings do not reflect any form . Much decorated art thus can
be described as abstract art . Abstract art is full of hidden meaning .

10. 
EXAMPLES OF ABSTRACT ART

11. 
FOLK ART
Folk art describe wide range of object that reflected the craft traditions
and traditional values . It is generally produced by the people who have
little or no academic training nor a desire to follow fine art . They use
established techniques and style of a particular region and culture . Along
with paintings , sculpture , other decorative art form and some utilitarian
objects such as tools and costumes making is included in folk art . It is
not influenced by moments in academic or fine art circle and exclude
works executed by professionals .

12. 
EXAMPLES OF FLOK ART

13. 
SPATIAL ART
It is related to space i.e. creating space , manipulating of space to intimate space or
producing monumental space etc. Illusion of space can be created with the use of
mirrored surface . How to make a very large space at power with human scale . It can
bring down a large space to a small space or small space look larger . Spatial art also
involves economical and efficient use of space to full fill the requirements . Use of
glass instead of opaque surface visually increase the space . Space under the stairs
and bridge which we discard other wise can be used effectively . To create the illusion
of a corridor a painting on the dead wall can be made . A spatial work is created
once .

14. 
EXAMPLES OF SPATIAL ART

15. 
POP ART
Pop art is the abbreviation for popular art , a style that emerged as a direct response
to abstract expressionism . This style emerged in U.S and U.K during 1950 and was
inspired by everyday object and bright colours . So that every one could appreciate and
enjoy it . Pop art does not have secret and mysteries like abstract art . Pop art had a
great sense of humour . It was not full of hidden meaning like abstract art .
It used advertising imaginary , photography and ordinary element of consumerism
like soap , cans , cereal boxes etc to make it more connected to people . Red , blue ,
yellow were the dominant colours used during pop art . Pop art is used in painting
card , calendars , T – shirts , posters etc . Logos for the product , comics and cartooning
were the result of pop art.
Andy Warhol and Richard Hamilton were best known pop artists.

16. 
EXAMPLES OF POP ART

17. 
TEMPORAL ART
It is a time bound art . It has a beginning and an ending . This art can be created over
and over . Temporal art is short lived i.e. it is not permanent . The art form can bee
passed down to every generation but the art itself disappears as soon as the art
stops or medium decayed . The examples are balloon figures , ice sculpture , culinary
dishes and displays .
Pandals , fairs , exhibition , back ground for stage , film set etc are some more
examples of temporal art .
Music , songs and dance that are called performing art are temporal art as well. They
are created by human beings but when human beings stop performing the art
disappeared .
This examples of temporal art for song , dance and acting has been modified some
what by the advent of modern technology phonograph , tape recorder and film .
These modern mechanisms have been able to preserve art for listening or viewing by
future generation .
It is different from plastic art such as architecture , sculpture and paintings etc that
are permanent .

18. 
EXAMPLES OF TEMPORAL ART

19. 
INDUSTRIAL ART
It is an umbrella term used in the 20th century to describe an educational programme which
featured fabrication of object in wood or metal using a variety of hand power or machine
tools. It also covered topics such as small engine repair and automobile maintenance . It is
also known by the term shop class . These programme expose students to the basic of home
repair , manual craftsmanship and machine safety . Most industries art programmes focus
on a board range of skill rather than specific vocational activities .

20. 
COMMERCIAL ART
It is an art created for commercial purpose such as advertisement . Some skill needed to
be good commercial artist are the ability to organised information and knowledge of
fine arts , visualisation skill , originality knowledge of media and ability to
communicate well. Commercial art can both be static and dynamic . Hoardings ,
signage’s , logos displays for advertisements are the examples of commercial art .

21. RELATIONSHIP OF ARCHITECTURE WITH OTHER ARTS LIKE PAINTINGS AND SCLPTURE :-
• Since the time of Vitruvius architects have been expected to possess broad knowledge of
art and science .
• Social transformation and cultural evolution of a particular period is displayed through
the use of paintings and sculptures .
• Paintings is the art of 2 –dimensional surface while architecture and sculpture exist in 3-D
.
• To spread a certain message to the people and social the wall of the school , colleges and
hospitals are painted .
• To understand the type or kind of people living during certain era , art and architecture is
important to study these aspects . A person’s personality , liking and disliking can be
understood by the kind of surrounding / environment one lives in .
• Architecture is functional . It exist to be inhabited . Architecture creates space while
sculpture creates objects , resulting the significance difference between the scale of the
two .
• Paintings and sculpture often exist as an integral element with in a work of architecture ,
for examples ; the statue of the façade of Romanesque and Gothic cathedrals or
Iconography on the wall of temples .
• Sculpture is a more autonomous medium .

22. • The work of architecture are seldom created in the absence of any formal application of
paintings and sculptures .
• Eiffel Tower is a sculpture work of the architecture . It is an immense inhabitable
sculpture .
• Modern architecture is functional and has little need for sculpture .
• Paintings can be in the form of fresco and murals on the walls of the buildings . Stained
glass can be used for windows .
• Paintings , sculpture and architecture are the forms of plastic art and these are the
permanent in nature .