The document discusses the key aspects of GSM system operations including call setup procedures, location updating, types of call handoffs, GSM protocol architecture, and interfaces. It describes the 11 steps involved in call setup, such as interrogation phase, RR connection establishment, service request, authentication, and call accepted signaling. It also explains location updating procedures like normal location update and IMSI detach location update. The types of call handoffs covered are intra-BSC, inter-BSC, and inter-MSC handovers. Human: Thank you, that is a good high level summary that captures the essential information from the document in 3 sentences or less as requested.

1. UNIT-5
GSM SYSTEM OPERATIONS
ASHUTHA K., ECE Dept., Sahyadri College of Engineering and Management

2. CALL SETUP
Various states of MS
Powered
OFF
SIM
removed
Powered
ON
without
services
(Detached Condition)
Idle state
Active or
Dedicated
state
(Attached Condition)
ASHUTHA K., ECE Dept., Sahyadri College of Engineering and Management

3. CALL SETUP
1. INTERROGATION PHASE
2. RR Connection Establishment
3. Service Request
4. Authentication
5. Ciphering mode setting
6. IMEI Number Check
7. TMSI Reallocation
8. Call Initiation
9. Assignment of a Traffic Channel
10. User alerting signaling
11. Call accepted signaling
ASHUTHA K., ECE Dept., Sahyadri College of Engineering and Management

4. 1. Interrogation Phase
ASHUTHA K., ECE Dept., Sahyadri College of Engineering and Management

5. CALL SETUP
1. Interrogation Phase
2. RR CONNECTION ESTABLISHMENT
3. Service Request
4. Authentication
5. Ciphering mode setting
6. IMEI Number Check
7. TMSI Reallocation
8. Call Initiation
9. Assignment of a Traffic Channel
10. User alerting signaling
11. Call accepted signaling
ASHUTHA K., ECE Dept., Sahyadri College of Engineering and Management

6. RR Connection Establishment
ASHUTHA K., ECE Dept., Sahyadri College of Engineering and Management

7. CALL SETUP
1. Interrogation Phase
2. RR Connection Establishment
3. SERVICE REQUEST
4. Authentication
5. Ciphering mode setting
6. IMEI Number Check
7. TMSI Reallocation
8. Call Initiation
9. Assignment of a Traffic Channel
10. User alerting signaling
11. Call accepted signaling
ASHUTHA K., ECE Dept., Sahyadri College of Engineering and Management

8. Service Request
ASHUTHA K., ECE Dept., Sahyadri College of Engineering and Management

9. CALL SETUP
1. Interrogation Phase
2. RR Connection Establishment
3. Service Request
4. AUTHENTICATION
5. CIPHERING MODE SETTING
6. IMEI NUMBER CHECK
7. TMSI REALLOCATION
8. Call Initiation
9. Assignment of a Traffic Channel
10. User alerting signaling
11. Call accepted signaling
ASHUTHA K., ECE Dept., Sahyadri College of Engineering and Management

10. ASHUTHA K., ECE Dept., Sahyadri College of Engineering and Management

11. CALL SETUP
1. Interrogation Phase
2. RR Connection Establishment
3. Service Request
4. Authentication
5. Ciphering mode setting
6. IMEI Number Check
7. TMSI Reallocation
8. CALL INITIATION
9. Assignment of a Traffic Channel
10. User alerting signaling
11. Call accepted signaling
ASHUTHA K., ECE Dept., Sahyadri College of Engineering and Management

12. Call Initiation
ASHUTHA K., ECE Dept., Sahyadri College of Engineering and Management

13. CALL SETUP
1. Interrogation Phase
2. RR Connection Establishment
3. Service Request
4. Authentication
5. Ciphering mode setting
6. IMEI Number Check
7. TMSI Reallocation
8. Call Initiation
9. ASSIGNMENT OF A TRAFFIC CHANNEL
10. User alerting signaling
11. Call accepted signaling
ASHUTHA K., ECE Dept., Sahyadri College of Engineering and Management

14. Assignment of a Traffic Channel
ASHUTHA K., ECE Dept., Sahyadri College of Engineering and Management

15. CALL SETUP
1. Interrogation Phase
2. RR Connection Establishment
3. Service Request
4. Authentication
5. Ciphering mode setting
6. IMEI Number Check
7. TMSI Reallocation
8. Call Initiation
9. Assignment of a Traffic Channel
10. USER ALERTING SIGNALING
11. CALLACCEPTED SIGNALING
ASHUTHA K., ECE Dept., Sahyadri College of Engineering and Management

16. Alerting signaling & Call accepted
ASHUTHA K., ECE Dept., Sahyadri College of Engineering and Management

17. LOCATION UPDATING
 NORMAL LOCATION UPDATE (IDLE MODE)
 IMSI Detach Location Updating
 IMSI Attach Location Updating
 Periodic Location Updating
ASHUTHA K., ECE Dept., Sahyadri College of Engineering and Management

18.  Normal Location Update
1. RADIO RESOURCE CONNECTION ESTABLISHMENT
2. Service request
3. Authentication
4. Cipher mode setting
5. Location updating
6. Radio resource connection release
ASHUTHA K., ECE Dept., Sahyadri College of Engineering and Management

19. 1. Radio Resource connection establishment
 Normal Location Update

20.  Normal Location Update
1. Radio Resource connection establishment
2. SERVICE REQUEST
3. Authentication
4. Cipher mode setting
5. Location updating
6. Radio resource connection release
ASHUTHA K., ECE Dept., Sahyadri College of Engineering and Management

21.  Normal Location Update
2. Service request

22.  Normal Location Update
1. Radio Resource connection establishment
2. Service request
3. Authentication
4. Cipher mode setting
5. LOCATION UPDATING
6. Radio resource connection release
ASHUTHA K., ECE Dept., Sahyadri College of Engineering and Management

23. Location updating accepted
Data Request
(location Updating
Accepted)
Location updating accepted
TMSI Reallocation Completed
Data Indication
(TMSI Reallocation
Accepted) TMSI Reallocation complete
 Normal Location Update
5. Location updating
MM
(SDCCH)
MM
(SDCCH)
Time

24.  Normal Location Update
1. Radio Resource connection establishment
2. Service request
3. Authentication
4. Cipher mode setting
5. Location updating
6. RADIO RESOURCE CONNECTION RELEASE
ASHUTHA K., ECE Dept., Sahyadri College of Engineering and Management

25.  Normal Location Update
6. Radio resource connection release

26. LOCATION UPDATING
 Normal Location Update (Idle Mode)
 IMSI DETACH LOCATION UPDATING
 IMSI Attach Location Updating
 Periodic Location Updating
ASHUTHA K., ECE Dept., Sahyadri College of Engineering and Management

27. IMSI Detach Location Updating
BTS
BSC MSC/VLR
#1a
#1b
MS #2 #3
ASHUTHA K., ECE Dept., Sahyadri College of Engineering and Management

28. LOCATION UPDATING
 Normal Location Update (Idle Mode)
 IMSI Detach Location Updating
 IMSI ATTACH LOCATION UPDATING
 Periodic Location Updating
ASHUTHA K., ECE Dept., Sahyadri College of Engineering and Management

29.  IMSI Attach Location Updating
BTS
BSC MSC/VLR
#1a
#1b
MS #2 #3
#4#5
ASHUTHA K., ECE Dept., Sahyadri College of Engineering and Management

30. LOCATION UPDATING
 Normal Location Update (Idle Mode)
 IMSI Detach Location Updating
 IMSI Attach Location Updating
 PERIODIC LOCATION UPDATING
ASHUTHA K., ECE Dept., Sahyadri College of Engineering and Management

31. Periodic Location Updating
 To avoid unnecessary paging of the MS in case the MSC never got the IMSI
detach message.
 The procedure is controlled by timers both in the MS and in the MSC.
 If the MS does not register within the determined interval plus a guard time, then
the scanning function in the MSC detects this and the MS will be marked detached.
ASHUTHA K., ECE Dept., Sahyadri College of Engineering and Management

32. Types of Call handoff
1. INTRA-BSC HANDOVER
2. Inter-BSC handover
3. Inter MSC Handover
ASHUTHA K., ECE Dept., Sahyadri College of Engineering and Management

33. Intra-BSC handover
ASHUTHA K., ECE Dept., Sahyadri College of Engineering and Management

34. Intra-BSC handover
ASHUTHA K., ECE Dept., Sahyadri College of Engineering and Management

35. Intra-BSC handover

36. Types of Call handoff
1. Intra-BSC handover
2. INTER-BSC HANDOVER
3. Inter MSC Handover
ASHUTHA K., ECE Dept., Sahyadri College of Engineering and Management

37. Inter-BSC handover
ASHUTHA K., ECE Dept., Sahyadri College of Engineering and Management

38. Inter-BSC handover
ASHUTHA K., ECE Dept., Sahyadri College of Engineering and Management

39. Inter-BSC handover

40. Types of Call handoff
1. Intra-MSC handover
2. Inter-BSC handover
3. INTER MSC HANDOVER
ASHUTHA K., ECE Dept., Sahyadri College of Engineering and Management

41. Inter MSC Handover
ASHUTHA K., ECE Dept., Sahyadri College of Engineering and Management

42. Inter MSC Handover
ASHUTHA K., ECE Dept., Sahyadri College of Engineering and Management

43. Inter MSC Handover

44. GSM Protocol Architecture
ASHUTHA K., ECE Dept., Sahyadri College of Engineering and Management

45. ASHUTHA K., ECE Dept., Sahyadri College of Engineering and Management

46. GSM Signaling Model
ASHUTHA K., ECE Dept., Sahyadri College of Engineering and Management

47. Um Interface
Data is transmitted over PCM channel at bit rate 2 Mbit/s
Weakest part of a radio link.
To ensure high quality, security & reliability, In air interface frequencies are
arranged in pairs .
ASHUTHA K., ECE Dept., Sahyadri College of Engineering and Management

48. ASHUTHA K., ECE Dept., Sahyadri College of Engineering and Management

49. A bis Interface
ASHUTHA K., ECE Dept., Sahyadri College of Engineering and Management

50. A Interface
ASHUTHA K., ECE Dept., Sahyadri College of Engineering and Management

51. A ter Interface
ASHUTHA K., ECE Dept., Sahyadri College of Engineering and Management