Widyatama Lecture Applied Networking Iv Week04 Mobile Networking

Applied Networking-IV (2231114)
Lecture Week-4
Mobile Networking Part-4

Lecture by: Djadja.Sardjana, S.T., M.M.
Djadja.Sardjana,
www.slideshare.net/djadja
Djadja.sardjana@widyatama.ac.id
18-Mar-10
18-Mar- Widyatama University-Informatics
University- 1

Mobile Operating Systems

Mobile
Future
2m30

18-Mar-10
University- 2

Operating Systems Background
Operating System (OS)
Process Management
Memory Management
File Management
I/O Management
Networking
Protection System
User Interface

Real Time Operating System (RTOS)
Characterized by timing constraints

Mobile Operating System (Mobile OS)
RTOS running on a mobile device

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Mobile operating system
The main software to manage and control
hardware and software directly.
Responsible for operating the various functions
and features available in mobile devices.
Besides functioning to control the hardware
resources and software, operating system also
controls so all applications can run stable and
consistent.
Another advantage of the mobile phone OS is to
have more freedom to download additional
applications that are not provided by the phone
vendors.
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Mobile operating system type

Symbian operating system
Windows Mobile
Palm operating system
Mobile Linux
Blackberry operating system

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Introduction to Symbian OS
Evolution of Symbian OS
1997 - 32 bit EPOC Platform (Psion Software Inc) – Psion Series 5 PDA
1998 – Symbian – A spin-off from Psion Software Inc.
spin-
Co-owned by Psion, Nokia, Eriksson, Motorola
Co-
The motive behind this spin-off was to develop an advanced software
spin-
platform for a new combination of consumer products called
Smartphone which would combine telephony and computing capability
1999 – EPOC named as Symbian OS
Co-owned by Psion, Nokia, Sony-Eriksson, Motorola, Matsushita
Co- Sony-
(Panasonic), Samsung and Siemens.

Symbian OS
Hard RTOS based on layered/micro-kernel architecture
layered/micro-
StrongARM architecture (ARM9 running over 100 MHZ)
Program storage (flash memory) ; OS storage flash ROM

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Symbian OS
Micro-
Micro-kernel uses client/server session based
IPC
Servers mediate access to shared resources
and services
Kernel deals with memory allocation and IPCs
Proactive defense mechanism
Platform Security Architecture
OS Services
Data Caging

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Symbian OS Architecture

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Architectural Overview
Core
Kernel, file server, memory management and device
drivers
System Layer
Communication and computing services e.g. TCP/IP,
IMAP4, SMS and database management
Application Engines
User Interface Software
Applications
All layers communicate with each other using
Client/Server Mechanism

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J2ME on Symbian
Symbian – A mobile operating system
J2ME – A non-native programming language
non-

Symbian OS

Hardware

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Win Mobile OS
Win Mobile 5.0 is a hard
RTOS
Base OS functionality is
provided by kernel which
includes process, thread,
memory and file
management
Kernel acts as a conduit for
the rest of the core OS
Win Mobile kernel uses a
paged virtual-memory system
virtual-
to manage and allocate
program memory.
The kernel also allocates
memory to the stack for each
new process or thread.

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Memory Architecture
Windows Mobile 5.0 :
RAM is used exclusively for running
programs.
Flash memory is used for storage of
programs and data.
Result: extended battery life but slower
performance

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Mobile Linux
The first Linux mobile phone launched by
Motorola in February 2003.
Motorola A760 series are using OS combination
of the Linux kernel software that is distributed
by Silicon Valley-based Monta Vista and other
Valley-
software from the Java programming language,
Sun Microsystems.
Linux-
Linux-based operating system developed by
Google is Android.

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Mobile Linux
Advantage & Dis-advantage
Dis-
The advantages is that Linux as an ideal OS for
mobile phones because of support by large
companies such as IBM, Oracle, and Intel. In
addition, this system value is more flexible and
offers a smaller memory and can be more
conserved.
The disadvantage is the additional application
has not been avalaible and Linux systems built
to operate with great power, so battery resource
management is still less effective than other
OSes.
OSes.
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BlackBerry operating system
Telecommunications companies from Canada,
Reserch in Motion (RIM), to develop mobile
communications devices. Initially they are
producing products and services pager for both
directions.
This company developed a new breakthrough
by creating the famous Blackberry push-email
push-
service, and now turned into a Smartphone
which has various functions such as, GPS,
mobile internet, and can access Wi-FI.
Wi-

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Palm operating system
Example is Palm Treo 680 Smartphone uses
the Palm operating system, which is Palm OS
5.4.9 with the Intel PXA270 processor, 312MHz.
Some of the features offered is Pocket Express,
Microsoft Media Player, Palm files, PDF viewer,
Adobe Acrobat reader, eReader, Pocket Tunes,
eReader,
and Document To Go.

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Comparative Review on
Symbian & Win Mobile
OS Design and Architecture
Symbian:
Symbian: ARM processors running 100-200 MHz
100-
Win Mobile: ARM and Intel processors running 200-400 MHz
200-
Memory Management
Symbian:
Symbian: OS kernel runs in privileged mode, with each app has its own
address space
Win Mobile: Shared RAM and flash ROM, use eXecute In Place (XIP)
scheme
File System
Symbian:
Symbian: TCB contains file system
Win Mobile: Hierarchical file system accessible through kernel functions
Development
Symbian:
Symbian: Symbian specific frameworks/libraries
Win Mobile: Windows API
Security
Symbian:
Symbian: Fairly well designed
Win Mobile: Lack of process’s address space protection
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Agenda
Competitive Landscape
Operating Systems
iPhone
BlackBerry
Windows Mobile
Android
Symbian

19

Smartphone OS Competitive Landscape
iPhone OS BlackBerry OS Window Mobile Android Symbian
(Apple) (RIM) (Microsoft) (Google) (Nokia)
Platform • Closed • Closed • Open • Open • Open
Source Code • Closed • Closed • Closed • Open • Open (in future)
Q2 WW Market • 2.8% (1) • 17.4% • 12.0% • n/a • 57.1%
Share (Gartner)
Smartphone traffic • WW: 4% • WW: 11% • WW: 13% • n/a • WW: 64%
share (AdMob) • US: 16% • US: 31% • US: 29% • US: 2%
Pros • Early momentum • Strong reach • Manufacturer / • Manufacturer / • Massive global
• Data hungry early (particularly in US) carrier agnostic carrier agnostic reach
adopters • Open source • Open source
• Powerful innovation innovation
distribution
channel
Issues • Apple dependant • BB dependent • Distribution • Late to market • Limited reach in
• Distribution • Uncertain US
consumer demand • Distribution
Application • >3K apps (~20% • Fewer free apps • >18K apps • Android Market • >10K apps
ecosystem free) • BB Application • Skymarket to announced • Claims >90MM
• More than 1M Center being launch in 2009 • $3.8MM awarded installs over last 2
installs in only a developed for in Developer years
few months Storm Challenge
Notes: 1. Artificially low given the wait for the 3G iPhone (5.3% market share in Q1)

20

Worldwide Smartphone Landscape
Source: AdMob traffic

21

Worldwide Smartphone Traffic Trends
Source: AdMob traffic, Sept. ‘08
WW Smartphone OS Share
80%

60%

40%

20%

0%
Mei-08 Jun-08 Jul-08 Agust-08 Sep-08

Sym bian Window s Mobile RIM Palm iPhone

WW Smartphone Share of Total Mobile Traffic
30%

25%

20%

15%

22

US Smartphone Landscape
Source: AdMob traffic

23

US Smartphone Traffic Trends
Source: AdMob traffic, Sept. ‘08
US Smartphone OS Share
40%

30%

20%

10%

0%

RIM Window s Mobile Palm iPhone Sym bian

US Smartphone Share of Total Mobile Traffic
30%

25%

20%

15%

24

iPhone OS (Apple)
Pros:
Strong user growth and data-hungry user base
data-
• More than 10 million iPhones sold
• 3.8% of worldwide smartphone web/data traffic and 7.8% in US (1)
Application store creating a vibrant app ecosystem with great momentum
• More than 3K applications (~20% free)
• More than 1 million downloads
Powerful technology enablers (e.g., multi-touch, GPS, accelerometer)
multi-
Issues:
App approval process is largely a black-box to developers
black-
Apps viewed as competitive to Apple are often shut down
Downloads highly dependent on “featured” or “top download” promotion in store
App store is the only authorized distribution channel
Apple / hardware dependent
Recent news / developments:
NDA requirement: Apple finally removed the onerous NDA requirement
Flash: signs pointing towards development of iPhone flash player
Development resources:
Notes:
1. http://developer.apple.com/iphone/index.action
Source: AdMob internal metrics

25 http://iphoneincubator.com/blog/

BlackBerry OS (RIM)
Pros:
Large reach and data-hungry user base
data-
• Leads US market with 31% of smartphone traffic (1)
• #2 in worldwide market with 11% of smartphone traffic (1)
Developers not limited to single distribution channel
Issues:
Developer momentum appears to be shifting to iPhone
Less reach outside of North America
Application distribution more difficult today vs. iPhone’s app store
Users more email focused vs. web consuming iPhone users
RIM / hardware dependent
BlackBerry Application Center scheduled to debut w/ BlackBerry Storm OS v4.7
Speculation that Storm (i.e., touchscreen iPhone competitor) will be available in November
Developer resources:
http://na.blackberry.com/eng/developers/
Notes: http://www.blackberrydeveloperconference.com/ (Oct. 20-22, Santa Clara)
20-
1. Source: AdMob internal metrics
http://crackberry.com/
26

Windows Mobile
Pros
Strong user reach
• #2 in US market with 30% of smartphone traffic (1)
• #2 in worldwide market with 13% of smartphone traffic (1)
Manufacturer agnostic
>18K apps
Issues
Current version in market (Windows Mobile 6) lacks support for some popular
technology enablers (e.g., multi-touch, GPS, accelerometer)
multi-
Next-
Next-gen version will be late to market
Less developer enthusiasm vs. that for iPhone and Android
Microsoft to launch “Skymarket” applications marketplace for Windows Mobile 7
(planned for launch in 2H ’09)
Speculation that Windows Mobile 7 will support revamped UI and multi-touch
multi-
http://www.microsoft.com/windowsmobile/en-
http://www.microsoft.com/windowsmobile/en-us/business/developers.mspx

Notes:

27

Android (Google)
Pros:
Open source => could help accelerate pace of innovation
Manufacturer-
Manufacturer-independent => could help accelerate consumer adoption
Technology support (e.g., touchscreen, GPS, accelerometer, video and still
touchscreen,
cameras)
Issues:
Late to market relative to iPhone
At least initially, demand is expected to trail iPhone demand
1st Android phone (T-Mobile G1) to go on sale on Oct. 22
(T-
Sept. ’08: Officially released v1.0 of SDK in Sept
Aug ’08: Awarded $3.75MM to 20 developers in the Android Developer
Challenge
http://android-
http://android-developers.blogspot.com/
http://code.google.com/android/documentation.html

28

Symbian (Nokia)
Pros
Massive global reach
• Leads WW market with 62% of smartphone traffic (1)
• 57% market share of smartphones sold in Q2 ‘08
Like Android, being open source could help accelerate pace of innovation
Issues
Limited reach in the US
June ’08: Nokia announced plans to acquire full ownership of Symbian and
start the Symbian Foundation, which will be an independent force for the
future development of Symbian OS. They stated that Symbian OS (including
the platforms S60, UIQ and MOAP(S)) will become open source in the first half
of 2009
http://www.forum.nokia.com/main/resources/technologies/symbian/
Notes:

29

Reading List
Metrics
AdMob metrics (http://www.admob.com/s/solutions/metrics)
(http://www.admob.com/s/solutions/metrics)
Opera State of the Mobile Web Report (http://www.opera.com/mobile_report/)
(http://www.opera.com/mobile_report/)
Mobile OS introductions / summaries
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Symbian_OS
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IPhone_OS
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_Mobile
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Android
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BlackBerry_OS
Comparison / analysis
http://www.brighthand.com/default.asp?newsID=14142
http://www.osnews.com/story/20329/SDK_Shoot-
http://www.osnews.com/story/20329/SDK_Shoot-Out_Android_vs_iPhone
http://weblog.infoworld.com/fatalexception/archives/2008/09/sdk_shootout_an.
html
http://www.alleyinsider.com/2008/10/iphone-app-store- brutal-reality-get-viral-
http://www.alleyinsider.com/2008/10/iphone-app-store-s-brutal-reality-get-viral-
or-don-t-quit-your-day-job
or-don- quit-your-day-

30

Conclusion & Final Words

Mobile Mobile
Future Case
2m30
Study

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End – End Experience is Critical
Improving customer experience – ensuring choice and
innovation at affordable price points

A fair playing field will focus service providers on meeting
consumers’ growing needs

18-Mar-10
University- 32

Widyatama Lecture Applied Networking Iv Week04 Mobile Networking

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