What´s that thing called RRI?
Jacqueline Broerse
Director of the Athena Institute, VU University Amsterdam
RRI Tools Final Conference - Brussels, 21-22 November 2016
Opening Session
RRI Tools: main goals and outcomes
Challenging responsibility: How to make RRI work in a sustainable manner. By ...RRI Tools
Challenging responsibility: How to make RRI work in a sustainable manner
Ulrike Felt, Professor of Science and Technology Studies, Dean of the Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Vienna
RRI Tools Final Conference
Opening Lecture
Brussels, 21 November 2016
How can Open Science and responsible medical research meet the challenge of i...RRI Tools
How can Open Science and responsible medical research meet the challenge of improving health?
Trish Groves
Editor-in-chief, BMJ Open and Honorary deputy editor, The British Medical Journal
RRI Tools Final Conference - Brussels, 21-22 November 2016
PLENARY SESSION: Facing the societal challenges of our time
A practical experience of gender mainstreaming in research funding: small but...SUPERA project
Presentation held by Elisabeth Nagl and Donia Lasinger (Vienna science and technology fund) during the webinar "Gender Equality in RFOs, two experiences", organised by SUPERA on 13 November 2020.
More infos are available here: https://www.superaproject.eu/experience-exchange-between-research-funding-organisations/
SUPERA Project: the case of the Central European University SUPERA project
Presentation given by Andrea Krizsán (Central European University - CEU) during the conference Gender equality in CEE countries: Policies and practices 2020 / Institutional change through the implementation of GEPs at the RPOs and RFOs in the CEE countries, 12 November 2020
Challenging responsibility: How to make RRI work in a sustainable manner. By ...RRI Tools
Challenging responsibility: How to make RRI work in a sustainable manner
Ulrike Felt, Professor of Science and Technology Studies, Dean of the Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Vienna
RRI Tools Final Conference
Opening Lecture
Brussels, 21 November 2016
How can Open Science and responsible medical research meet the challenge of i...RRI Tools
How can Open Science and responsible medical research meet the challenge of improving health?
Trish Groves
Editor-in-chief, BMJ Open and Honorary deputy editor, The British Medical Journal
RRI Tools Final Conference - Brussels, 21-22 November 2016
PLENARY SESSION: Facing the societal challenges of our time
A practical experience of gender mainstreaming in research funding: small but...SUPERA project
Presentation held by Elisabeth Nagl and Donia Lasinger (Vienna science and technology fund) during the webinar "Gender Equality in RFOs, two experiences", organised by SUPERA on 13 November 2020.
More infos are available here: https://www.superaproject.eu/experience-exchange-between-research-funding-organisations/
SUPERA Project: the case of the Central European University SUPERA project
Presentation given by Andrea Krizsán (Central European University - CEU) during the conference Gender equality in CEE countries: Policies and practices 2020 / Institutional change through the implementation of GEPs at the RPOs and RFOs in the CEE countries, 12 November 2020
Resistances to institutional change in GE - Overcoming the brick wallSUPERA project
Presentation held by Ana Belén Amil (Central European University) during the event "CIVICA Gender Equality and Inclusion workshop", organised by CIVICA - The European University of Social Sciences on 19-20 November 2020.
Presentation originally made for the Gordon Conference on Science Policy 2010. On policy learning and innovation in science, technology and innovation policy governance.
Mainstreaming gender in research and innovation: a European agenda SUPERA project
Presentation held by Maxime Forest (PRESAGE - Science Po) during the event "CIVICA Gender Equality and Inclusion workshop", organised by CIVICA - The European University of Social Sciences on 20 November 2020.
Spanish Research Agency Gender Equality PlanSUPERA project
Presentation held by Victoria Ley (Spanish Research Agency) during the webinar "Gender equality in funding mechanisms", organised by SUPERA on 26 January 2021.
More infos are available here: https://www.superaproject.eu/event/rfos-webinar-series-03/
Presentation given by Ana Belén Amil (Central European University - CEU) during the conference Gender equality in CEE countries: Policies and practices 2020 / Institutional change through the implementation of GEPs at the RPOs and RFOs in the CEE countries, 13 November 2020
Presented by Dr Karen Lucas on 9th July 2014
http://www.its.leeds.ac.uk/people/k.lucas
Abstract:
Until now, human and social factors have not been very dominant aspects of transportation research. The general trend has been a biased towards more technical and engineering studies and transport economics. Nevertheless, there has been continuous social science research on the fringes of transport studies. For example behavioural psychology has been used in traffic safety risk management and human geography has been concerned with the interface between space, time, and mobility. There has also been a significant academic discourse around transport equity and the mobility and accessibility needs of transport disadvantaged groups, which has gathered momentum in recent years. More lately, sociologists and cultural geographers have begun to explore the embodied meanings and the cultural significance of different transport modes within our everyday social practices.
A number of scholars within the Institute of Transport Studies at Leeds have already forged important cross-disciplinary partnerships with other disciplines within and outside the University. In this lecture, I will explore the potential to further strengthen and exploit these new directions within transport research. I will briefly reflect on the opportunities for achieving this through mechanisms such as within the University’ core research themes, the new Social Science Strategy, other research University-wide supported initiatives and more informal collaborations. But more importantly I will be asking whether it is possible to use these inter-disciplinary collaborations to radicalise our research enquiries so that we are able to offer transformational solutions to overcome the currently environmentally unsustainable and socially unjust allocation of mobility resources within and between nations.
Resistances to institutional change in GE - Overcoming the brick wallSUPERA project
Presentation held by Ana Belén Amil (Central European University) during the event "CIVICA Gender Equality and Inclusion workshop", organised by CIVICA - The European University of Social Sciences on 19-20 November 2020.
Presentation originally made for the Gordon Conference on Science Policy 2010. On policy learning and innovation in science, technology and innovation policy governance.
Mainstreaming gender in research and innovation: a European agenda SUPERA project
Presentation held by Maxime Forest (PRESAGE - Science Po) during the event "CIVICA Gender Equality and Inclusion workshop", organised by CIVICA - The European University of Social Sciences on 20 November 2020.
Spanish Research Agency Gender Equality PlanSUPERA project
Presentation held by Victoria Ley (Spanish Research Agency) during the webinar "Gender equality in funding mechanisms", organised by SUPERA on 26 January 2021.
More infos are available here: https://www.superaproject.eu/event/rfos-webinar-series-03/
Presentation given by Ana Belén Amil (Central European University - CEU) during the conference Gender equality in CEE countries: Policies and practices 2020 / Institutional change through the implementation of GEPs at the RPOs and RFOs in the CEE countries, 13 November 2020
Presented by Dr Karen Lucas on 9th July 2014
http://www.its.leeds.ac.uk/people/k.lucas
Abstract:
Until now, human and social factors have not been very dominant aspects of transportation research. The general trend has been a biased towards more technical and engineering studies and transport economics. Nevertheless, there has been continuous social science research on the fringes of transport studies. For example behavioural psychology has been used in traffic safety risk management and human geography has been concerned with the interface between space, time, and mobility. There has also been a significant academic discourse around transport equity and the mobility and accessibility needs of transport disadvantaged groups, which has gathered momentum in recent years. More lately, sociologists and cultural geographers have begun to explore the embodied meanings and the cultural significance of different transport modes within our everyday social practices.
A number of scholars within the Institute of Transport Studies at Leeds have already forged important cross-disciplinary partnerships with other disciplines within and outside the University. In this lecture, I will explore the potential to further strengthen and exploit these new directions within transport research. I will briefly reflect on the opportunities for achieving this through mechanisms such as within the University’ core research themes, the new Social Science Strategy, other research University-wide supported initiatives and more informal collaborations. But more importantly I will be asking whether it is possible to use these inter-disciplinary collaborations to radicalise our research enquiries so that we are able to offer transformational solutions to overcome the currently environmentally unsustainable and socially unjust allocation of mobility resources within and between nations.
The RRI HUBS: In the name of responsible research and Innovation. By Rosalia ...RRI Tools
The RRI HUBS: In the name of responsible research and Innovation
Rosalia Vargas
President of Ciência Viva - Agência Nacional para a Cultura Científica e Tecnológica
RRI Tools Final Conference - Brussels, 21-22 November 2016
Opening Session
RRI Tools: main goals and outcomes
How to Select The Best Modular Furniture for OfficesLotus Systems
In the present scenario, an image is everything for any business and this is what sets the tone for your presence in the market. The level of competition is touching new peaks and this displays the scope of error should be negligible. This is why the management or the administration department takes special care while choosing the best office furniture. The reason for this is to provide comfort which will be helpful to enhance productivity. There are many manufacturers and suppliers in the Delhi, NCR region who promises to provide the best modular Office Furniture across India.
Sparks Projects is a new EU-funded project, which through exhibitions all around Europe will spread the word about RRI in a creative, arty and innovative way.
Going Global: international perspectives on responsibility. By Rajesh Tandon RRI Tools
Going Global: international perspectives on responsibility
Rajesh Tandon
President of Participatory Research in Asia and co-Chair of the UNESCO Chair in Community
RRI Tools Final Conference - Brussels, 21-22 November 2016
Winning ITNs with RRI - Relevant sources and further readingJobenco
Here is some more background on the notion of Responsible Research and Innovation (RRI), how it has been operationalised in Horizon 2020 and how it can be relevant for writing MSCA ITN proposals. We have included the academic and policy background and concrete sources/best practices to inspire others to take it up in their proposal.
Presentation by Maria Zolontolosa, Norbert Steinhaus, Ilse Marschalek, Marzia Mazzonetto and Rosina Malagrida on Collaboration for Responsible Research and Innovation (RRI) at the Ecsite Conference, on 24th May 2014.
Scientix 11th SPWatFCL Brussels 18-20 March 2016: Responsible Research and In...Brussels, Belgium
Session III - Workshop B: Responsible Research and Innovation at school tips and tools for supporting young scientists. Held during the 11th Science Projects Workshop in the Future Classroom Lab, Brussels, 18-20 March 2016
OSFair2017 Workshop | Why is responsible research & innovation important?Open Science Fair
Aliki Giannakopoulou talks about responsoble research and innovation (RRI)
Responsible Research & Innovation (RRI) is a way of researching that takes a long-term perspective on the type of world in which we want to live. It can strengthen research projects by emphasising openness, transparency, diversity, inclusiveness and adaptation to changes. Essentially, RRI aims to create collaborative frameworks in which citizens engage with scientists, entrepreneurs, decisions makers and other groups to work towards sustainable, ethically acceptable and socially desirable outcomes.
DAY 1 - PARALLEL SESSION 2
Growing Communities in the Arts and Humanities. The experience of the DARIAH-...Francesca Morselli
DARIAH-EU is the European research infrastructure for the arts and humanities. In 2016 it was recognised as an ERIC5 and it comprises 17 Members and several Cooperating Partners in eight non-member countries. The activities of DARIAH comprise four main strands, namely: 1. training and education; 2. resources, tools and methods made available by and for the research community; 3. policy and advocacy support (on topics such as open science); and finally, 4. a growing transnational community of researchers.
This paper will focus on the fourth aspect and aims at exploring the case study of the DARIAH-EU Working Groups (henceforth WG) as a model in which research communities organize themselves, given the boundaries and the assets provided by a research infrastructure such as DARIAH. The DARIAH-EU WG are transnational, grass-rooted, self-organized, collaborative groups which have their roots in existing communities of practice. They form the heart of the DARIAH-ERIC community, but at the same time they maintain the existing ties with the (national and local) institutions where the WG members are based.
The creation of new DARIAH WGs follows the need of communities to foster innovative scholarly practices and to provide the infrastructure to support them. In turn, participation in existing WGs is a means to consolidate infrastructure and scholarship in certain areas of research, and to create or reinforce the network of expertise inside DARIAH. The WG level enables an organizational structure which is not just flexible and dynamic, but also driven by feedback and as such it helps DARIAH to be sustainable. Furthermore the value of the working groups lies in the fact they allow a better alignment between research institutions functioning on a national basis (universities, data centers, data archives, libraries, archives, projects etc...) and the research interests that emerge in international collaborations - the WGs are therefore able to optimize their own research environment by harnessing both national and international horizons.
In addition, the work of the WGs is considered so central in the development of the Research Infrastructure that in 2017 DARIAH-EU established a funding scheme to provide financial support for their activities, including travel to WG meetings, core developments such as the creation of tools, policy documents or dissemination material.
This paper will therefore examine the European landscape of the DARIAH WGs, firstly
by charting their evolution since 2015 and secondly, by identifying those dynamics of
the research community that are the basis for successful collaboration, exchange of
information and experiences.
This presentation also aims to reflect on what the challenges are in the creation and
maintenance of such dispersed communities, and therefore it wishes to contribute to
a fruitful discussion with other national and international experiences.
Professor Sean Ryder, Chair of Humanities in the European Research Area (HERA...IrishHumanitiesAlliance
From the IHA Impact in the Humanities event 8 June held in QUB and co-sponsored by InterTradeIreland.
Panel One: Impact in Horizon 2020 and the EU
How is Impact conceptualised and captured at the EU level, in programmes such as Horizon 2020, and how does this affect academics, research officers and policy makers at the national level?
Responsible research and innovation in a rapidly changing and increasingly te...RRI Tools
Responsible research and innovation in a rapidly changing and increasingly telecoupled world
Barron Joseph Orr
Professor and Geospatial Extension Specialist, University of Alicante & University of Arizona
RRI Tools Final Conference - Brussels, 21-22 November 2016
PLENARY SESSION: Facing the societal challenges of our time
Food security - RRI in Agricultural research for development. By Pascal KosuthRRI Tools
Food security - RRI in Agricultural research for development
Pascal Kosuth
Director of the Agropolis Foundation
RRI Tools Final Conference - Brussels, 21-22 November 2016
PLENARY SESSION: Facing the societal challenges of our time
Going Global: international perspectives on responsibility. By María VillavecesRRI Tools
Going Global: international perspectives on responsibility
María Villaveces
Chief executive officer, Colombian Association for the Advancement of Science Based Research and Social Responsibility in Higher Education.
RRI Tools Final Conference - Brussels, 21-22 November 2016
Delivering a pan-European Programme of Training & Advocacy. By Melanie SmallmanRRI Tools
Delivering a pan-European Programme of Training & Advocacy
Melanie Smallman
Department of Science and Technology Studies, University College London
RRI Tools Final Conference - Brussels, 21-22 November 2016
Opening Session
RRI Tools: main goals and outcomes
RRI Tools webinar - Become an RRI pioneer at your schoolRRI Tools
Webinar held by European Schoolnet on 19 July 2016
Video of the webinar: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XaYAcQ81C0s
The integration of Responsible Research and Innovation principles in teaching and learning activities supports multidisciplinarity and stronger students' engagement as well as their acquisition of critical thinking and collaborative learning skills.
It also prepares them to make informed and evidence-based choices about society’s future and help them to better understand existing careers paths, entrepreneurship and innovation processes, and complexities of the professional world.
By Lars Klüver, Coordinator of Engage2020, CIMULACT and HBP Citizen Consultations and Director of the Danish Board of Technology Foundation
Presentation at the second RRI Tools Train the Trainers, July 2016
The European project RRI Tools aims at building a Responsible Research & Innovation Toolkit, with the concerned stakeholders, to make RRI happen in real life!
More information about RRI Tools: http://www.rri-tools.eu/
Latest news: http://blog.rri-tools.eu/
Twitter: https://twitter.com/RRITools
Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/RRI.Tools.Project?fref=ts
LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/grp/home?gid=8111498
YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCiXjh5T5uu2ka7NpbQkzFrA
Flickr: https://www.flickr.com/photos/130674936@N05/
RRI Toolkit for EU National Contact PointsRRI Tools
Overview of what is RRI and how the RRI Toolkit -developed by the RRI Tools project- can help to implement it accross Europe, especially through the National Contact Points (NCPs).
This presentation was given by Eva Zuazua and Daniel Garcia (La Caixa Foundation) in the NCPs network meeting (SiS.net) held in Madrid (Spain) on December 2nd, 2015.
Lightning talk (5') explaining the commonalities between citizen science and the Responsible Research and Innovation (RRI) approach. The talk was given by Daniel Garcia (La Caixa Foundation), from the RRI Tools project (www.rri-tools.eu) at the 2015 European Citizen Science Assembly in Barcelona.
What is greenhouse gasses and how many gasses are there to affect the Earth.moosaasad1975
What are greenhouse gasses how they affect the earth and its environment what is the future of the environment and earth how the weather and the climate effects.
Earliest Galaxies in the JADES Origins Field: Luminosity Function and Cosmic ...Sérgio Sacani
We characterize the earliest galaxy population in the JADES Origins Field (JOF), the deepest
imaging field observed with JWST. We make use of the ancillary Hubble optical images (5 filters
spanning 0.4−0.9µm) and novel JWST images with 14 filters spanning 0.8−5µm, including 7 mediumband filters, and reaching total exposure times of up to 46 hours per filter. We combine all our data
at > 2.3µm to construct an ultradeep image, reaching as deep as ≈ 31.4 AB mag in the stack and
30.3-31.0 AB mag (5σ, r = 0.1” circular aperture) in individual filters. We measure photometric
redshifts and use robust selection criteria to identify a sample of eight galaxy candidates at redshifts
z = 11.5 − 15. These objects show compact half-light radii of R1/2 ∼ 50 − 200pc, stellar masses of
M⋆ ∼ 107−108M⊙, and star-formation rates of SFR ∼ 0.1−1 M⊙ yr−1
. Our search finds no candidates
at 15 < z < 20, placing upper limits at these redshifts. We develop a forward modeling approach to
infer the properties of the evolving luminosity function without binning in redshift or luminosity that
marginalizes over the photometric redshift uncertainty of our candidate galaxies and incorporates the
impact of non-detections. We find a z = 12 luminosity function in good agreement with prior results,
and that the luminosity function normalization and UV luminosity density decline by a factor of ∼ 2.5
from z = 12 to z = 14. We discuss the possible implications of our results in the context of theoretical
models for evolution of the dark matter halo mass function.
Richard's entangled aventures in wonderlandRichard Gill
Since the loophole-free Bell experiments of 2020 and the Nobel prizes in physics of 2022, critics of Bell's work have retreated to the fortress of super-determinism. Now, super-determinism is a derogatory word - it just means "determinism". Palmer, Hance and Hossenfelder argue that quantum mechanics and determinism are not incompatible, using a sophisticated mathematical construction based on a subtle thinning of allowed states and measurements in quantum mechanics, such that what is left appears to make Bell's argument fail, without altering the empirical predictions of quantum mechanics. I think however that it is a smoke screen, and the slogan "lost in math" comes to my mind. I will discuss some other recent disproofs of Bell's theorem using the language of causality based on causal graphs. Causal thinking is also central to law and justice. I will mention surprising connections to my work on serial killer nurse cases, in particular the Dutch case of Lucia de Berk and the current UK case of Lucy Letby.
Introduction:
RNA interference (RNAi) or Post-Transcriptional Gene Silencing (PTGS) is an important biological process for modulating eukaryotic gene expression.
It is highly conserved process of posttranscriptional gene silencing by which double stranded RNA (dsRNA) causes sequence-specific degradation of mRNA sequences.
dsRNA-induced gene silencing (RNAi) is reported in a wide range of eukaryotes ranging from worms, insects, mammals and plants.
This process mediates resistance to both endogenous parasitic and exogenous pathogenic nucleic acids, and regulates the expression of protein-coding genes.
What are small ncRNAs?
micro RNA (miRNA)
short interfering RNA (siRNA)
Properties of small non-coding RNA:
Involved in silencing mRNA transcripts.
Called “small” because they are usually only about 21-24 nucleotides long.
Synthesized by first cutting up longer precursor sequences (like the 61nt one that Lee discovered).
Silence an mRNA by base pairing with some sequence on the mRNA.
Discovery of siRNA?
The first small RNA:
In 1993 Rosalind Lee (Victor Ambros lab) was studying a non- coding gene in C. elegans, lin-4, that was involved in silencing of another gene, lin-14, at the appropriate time in the
development of the worm C. elegans.
Two small transcripts of lin-4 (22nt and 61nt) were found to be complementary to a sequence in the 3' UTR of lin-14.
Because lin-4 encoded no protein, she deduced that it must be these transcripts that are causing the silencing by RNA-RNA interactions.
Types of RNAi ( non coding RNA)
MiRNA
Length (23-25 nt)
Trans acting
Binds with target MRNA in mismatch
Translation inhibition
Si RNA
Length 21 nt.
Cis acting
Bind with target Mrna in perfect complementary sequence
Piwi-RNA
Length ; 25 to 36 nt.
Expressed in Germ Cells
Regulates trnasposomes activity
MECHANISM OF RNAI:
First the double-stranded RNA teams up with a protein complex named Dicer, which cuts the long RNA into short pieces.
Then another protein complex called RISC (RNA-induced silencing complex) discards one of the two RNA strands.
The RISC-docked, single-stranded RNA then pairs with the homologous mRNA and destroys it.
THE RISC COMPLEX:
RISC is large(>500kD) RNA multi- protein Binding complex which triggers MRNA degradation in response to MRNA
Unwinding of double stranded Si RNA by ATP independent Helicase
Active component of RISC is Ago proteins( ENDONUCLEASE) which cleave target MRNA.
DICER: endonuclease (RNase Family III)
Argonaute: Central Component of the RNA-Induced Silencing Complex (RISC)
One strand of the dsRNA produced by Dicer is retained in the RISC complex in association with Argonaute
ARGONAUTE PROTEIN :
1.PAZ(PIWI/Argonaute/ Zwille)- Recognition of target MRNA
2.PIWI (p-element induced wimpy Testis)- breaks Phosphodiester bond of mRNA.)RNAse H activity.
MiRNA:
The Double-stranded RNAs are naturally produced in eukaryotic cells during development, and they have a key role in regulating gene expression .
Professional air quality monitoring systems provide immediate, on-site data for analysis, compliance, and decision-making.
Monitor common gases, weather parameters, particulates.
Deep Behavioral Phenotyping in Systems Neuroscience for Functional Atlasing a...Ana Luísa Pinho
Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) provides means to characterize brain activations in response to behavior. However, cognitive neuroscience has been limited to group-level effects referring to the performance of specific tasks. To obtain the functional profile of elementary cognitive mechanisms, the combination of brain responses to many tasks is required. Yet, to date, both structural atlases and parcellation-based activations do not fully account for cognitive function and still present several limitations. Further, they do not adapt overall to individual characteristics. In this talk, I will give an account of deep-behavioral phenotyping strategies, namely data-driven methods in large task-fMRI datasets, to optimize functional brain-data collection and improve inference of effects-of-interest related to mental processes. Key to this approach is the employment of fast multi-functional paradigms rich on features that can be well parametrized and, consequently, facilitate the creation of psycho-physiological constructs to be modelled with imaging data. Particular emphasis will be given to music stimuli when studying high-order cognitive mechanisms, due to their ecological nature and quality to enable complex behavior compounded by discrete entities. I will also discuss how deep-behavioral phenotyping and individualized models applied to neuroimaging data can better account for the subject-specific organization of domain-general cognitive systems in the human brain. Finally, the accumulation of functional brain signatures brings the possibility to clarify relationships among tasks and create a univocal link between brain systems and mental functions through: (1) the development of ontologies proposing an organization of cognitive processes; and (2) brain-network taxonomies describing functional specialization. To this end, tools to improve commensurability in cognitive science are necessary, such as public repositories, ontology-based platforms and automated meta-analysis tools. I will thus discuss some brain-atlasing resources currently under development, and their applicability in cognitive as well as clinical neuroscience.
THE IMPORTANCE OF MARTIAN ATMOSPHERE SAMPLE RETURN.Sérgio Sacani
The return of a sample of near-surface atmosphere from Mars would facilitate answers to several first-order science questions surrounding the formation and evolution of the planet. One of the important aspects of terrestrial planet formation in general is the role that primary atmospheres played in influencing the chemistry and structure of the planets and their antecedents. Studies of the martian atmosphere can be used to investigate the role of a primary atmosphere in its history. Atmosphere samples would also inform our understanding of the near-surface chemistry of the planet, and ultimately the prospects for life. High-precision isotopic analyses of constituent gases are needed to address these questions, requiring that the analyses are made on returned samples rather than in situ.
What´s that thing called RRI? By Jacqueline Broerse
1. RRI Tools Final Conference, 21-22 November 2016, Brussels
WHAT’S THAT THING CALLED RRI?
JACQUELINE BROERSE
VRIJE UNIVERSITEIT AMSTERDAM
2. |
RRI Tools Final Conference, 21-22 November 2016, Brussels
Faculteit der Aard- en Levenswetenschappen2
• Science and technology important
contribution to economic growth,
improved health and living standards
• But also ethical concerns and negative
consequences for people and the
environment
• And mismatches:
– Lack of innovation development for
certain problems
– Vulnerable groups in society adopt
innovation less often
• Increasing pleas for ‘better’ science
Tracing the origin of RRI
3. |
RRI Tools Final Conference, 21-22 November 2016, Brussels
3
R&I process
problem research implementation
IMPLEMENTATION GAPDEMAND GAP
Listen
better
Explain
better
Lack of
communication
4. |
RRI Tools Final Conference, 21-22 November 2016, Brussels
4
Problem Research Implementation
Science and practice join hands Responsible Research & Innovation
R&I process
Lack of
collaboration
5. |
RRI Tools Final Conference, 21-22 November 2016, Brussels
Society
Corporate social responsibility
Sustainable development
EC
Grand societal challenges
Public engagement
Science education
Ethics and Gender
Scholars
Technology assessment
Public engagement
Research integrity
Participatory action research
Mode-2 science
Transdisciplinarity
science and society 2001
science in society 2007
science with and for society 2011 RRI
Tracing the origin of RRI
5
6. |
RRI Tools Final Conference, 21-22 November 2016, Brussels
Individual responsibility
• Taking responsibility for acts: safeguarding research integrity
and avoiding e.g. plagiarism and fraud
• Consequentialist judgments – no harm (however, R&I is multi-
actor and multi-level activity with unknown outcomes)
Responsibility as collective process
• To counter systemic irresponsibility focus should (also) be on the
R&I process and variety of actors and under what conditions
actors are involved
6
Shift to responsibility as
‘collective process’
7. |
RRI Tools Final Conference, 21-22 November 2016, Brussels
Often-used definition of RRI:
“Responsible Research and Innovation is a transparent,
interactive process by which societal actors and
innovators become mutually responsive to each other
with a view to the (ethical) acceptability, sustainability
and societal desirability of the innovation process and its
marketable products (in order to allow a proper
embedding of scientific and technological advances in
our society).”
(von Schomberg, 2011:9)
7
Process
Outcome
Conceptualizing RRI
8. |
RRI Tools Final Conference, 21-22 November 2016, Brussels
R&I outcomes
• Ethically
acceptable
• Environmentally
sustainable
• Socially desirable
innovations
Societal impacts
Contribute to solving
societal challenges
e.g. 7 Grand
Challenges (EU)
Learning outcomes
• Engaged Publics
• Responsible actors
• Responsible
institutions
Actors think and act according
to principles of RRI
RRI process institutionalized in
academia and other relevant
organizations
Citizens empowered with
competences to engage in
RRI process effectively
8
RRI Outcomes & Impacts
9. |
RRI Tools Final Conference, 21-22 November 2016, Brussels
RRI Process Requirements
Variety of researchers from
different disciplines and broad
range of stakeholders identified
All relevant stakeholders
invited to participate
Meaningful, addressing
purpose and context
Imagining plausible futures
and technology paths
Alignment
1st, 2nd and 3rd order
learning
Open to needs
of others
Ability to change
process and paths
9
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RRI Tools Final Conference, 21-22 November 2016, Brussels
So, what could you do?
Process requirements as criteria:
• Evaluative framework to
assess RRI initiatives:
retrospective analysis
• Self-reflection tool to help
shape RRI initiatives:
prospective analysis
Diversity
and
Inclusion
Engaging a
variety of
stakeholder
groups
Variety of
means of
stakeholder
engagement
Engagement
of publics
Attention for
appropriate
R&I models
Institutional
diversity
From theory to practice
10
11. |
RRI Tools Final Conference, 21-22 November 2016, Brussels
Engaging a
variety of
stakeholder
groups
Wide
range
Demogra
phic
diversity
Sufficient
amount
Relevant
voices
Is there a wide variety of
stakeholders involved, such that
there is a diversity of values and a
diversity of types of
knowledge/expertise?
Is there diversity in the
stakeholders engaged such that all
relevant voices are heard – silent
as well as loud?
Is there diversity within the
stakeholder groups involved in
terms of gender, ethnicity, socio-
economic status, age, disability
etc.?
Are sufficiently many perspectives
and participants included, such that
eventual outcomes are robust?
This is not a checklist, but a
thinking tool!
11
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RRI Tools Final Conference, 21-22 November 2016, Brussels
• Inspiring practices illustrate what a strong example can
look like – not all process requirements are fulfilled in
each case
• Catalogue is an inventory of practices across Europe,
assembled with the aid of all RRI Tools Hubs
• 51 completed surveys from 18 European countries 31
practices selected
• This should become a living catalogue
Catalogue of inspiring practices
12
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RRI Tools Final Conference, 21-22 November 2016, Brussels
RRI as a societal learning process
‘Learning for
doing RRI’
‘Learning
for RRI
governance’
‘Learning for
learning’
Classifying promising practices
Researchers
Business/Industry
CSOs
Policy makers
CSOs
researchers
Educators
Researchers
13
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RRI Tools Final Conference, 21-22 November 2016, Brussels
“Challenge-driven Innovation” Program by Swedish
innovation agency
VINNOVA. It funds R&I
aimed at tackling societal
challenges, involving all
relevant stakeholders. Its
three-stage funding scheme
is implementation-oriented
and has built in
mechanisms for promoting
responsiveness and
adaptive change
D&I
A&R
O&T
Responsive-
ness &
Adaptive
change
Learning for governance
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15. |
RRI Tools Final Conference, 21-22 November 2016, Brussels
We first need to
educate citizens before
they can participate! RRI—that’s just old wine
in new bottles…
I find it difficult to grasp.
What is it and why is it
important?
RRI is about much more
than only research! It is too
demanding for researchers!
Science needs to
become Responsible?
So scientists are
irresponsible now?!
15
RRI is the end of
‘true’ science!!
Workshops in 30 countries
> 400 participants
This is only for
applied research,
not basic science
16. |
RRI Tools Final Conference, 21-22 November 2016, Brussels
• RRI is not a concept most
researchers are familiar with
• They relate it mostly to outcomes
– societal benefits – not so much
to the research process itself
• We encountered a few
proponents, but mostly met
scepticism
• Low urgency for ‘better’ science
for society!
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RRI in higher education and
research institutions
17. |
RRI Tools Final Conference, 21-22 November 2016, Brussels
• Increasingly university boards put emphasis on ‘societal
engagement’ and ‘contributing to society’ in their mission
statement – need to equip researchers for the future
• However, perceptions and lack of competences of scientists on
RRI are reflected in culture, structure and practice in HERIs
• Therefore embedding RRI in HERIs requires a transition
fundamental change in culture, structure and practice
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PARADIGM SHIFT or SYSTEM CHANGE
RRI in higher education and
research institutions
18. |
RRI Tools Final Conference, 21-22 November 2016, Brussels
‘Niches’
Innovative experiments
in which actors create
alternative practices
(deviant from regime)
‘Regime’
Dominant structure,
culture and practice
of system
Regime
Landscape
Niche
‘Landscape’
Broader societal trends
Embedding RRI is complex process
18
19. |
RRI Tools Final Conference, 21-22 November 2016, Brussels
Research
SocietyEducation
Governance for
RRI
• Advocacy
• Training
• Networking
• Showcasing
• Mission statement
• Provide support
• Experiment – be
reflexive and learn!!
Bottom up AND top down!
19
20. |
RRI Tools Final Conference, 21-22 November 2016, Brussels
Thank you on behalf of the Athena team:
Frank Kupper, Pim Klaassen, Michelle Heijnen,
Sara Vermeulen, Marlous Arentshorst,
Eugen Popa & Aafke Fraaije
For more information about the conceptualisation of RRI, the
quality criteria, and the inspiring practices visit:
http://www.rri-tools.eu/workplan-deliverables
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Editor's Notes
Responsibility is the central term in RRI, it is seen as central for ensuring that research and innovation will indeed lead to better technologies that will contribute to solving the grand challenges identified by the EU
Responsibility can however be understood in multiple ways:
So far, responsibility has mainly been understood as individual responsibility that one e.g. a scientist could and should take for the consequences of his/her actions. Philosophically such an understanding of responsibility is referred to as consequentialist.
However, when it concerns research and innovation individualized notions of responsibility are not sufficient as many actors and organizations are at any one time involved and acting in innovation and research processes. Furthermore, the context of innovation is highly uncertain and future-oriented, which makes consequentialist reasoning based on estimations of the results of actions (highly) problematic.
As part of the move towards RRI, a shift from individual to collective responsibility has therefore been diagnosed. Increasingly, organisations and sectors, like universities, business/finance, government/policy and EU are seen as the relevant actors and institutions (who should) engage in RRI processes and not individual scientist, engineers and policy-makers alone. RRI, would then entail a process of inclusive deliberation involving a wide variety of actors.
In addition the focus is less on responsibility in relation to outcome alone, and more on responsibility as responsible process and acceptable outcomes. The focus on process and outcome can be found in the known definition of RRI, and we have taken these as a starting point for our working definition.
Begins with the question: How can we develop better technologies? Minimize harmful and unintended effects?
Policy & academia: Answer Technology assessment in various forms
Policy; technology assessment institutions close to policy
E.g. Rathenau in the Netherlands, STOA of the EU
Academia; beginning from STS, which showed the social element in the construction of science and scientific facts, the presence of power and politics even in the lab, to move towards interventionist studies with the normative goal of improving on historically evolved divisions of (moral) labor between science/technology, policy and society as producers, regulators and users and with the goal of improving reflection among actors on their interdependencies and mutual influences
E.g. ILA as a methodology for including small scale farmers in biotechnology developments
The EU beginning from questions and uncertainties surrounding nanotechnology and observing the presence (and continuous emergence) of complex socio-technical problems like pollution, health, social cohesion, resistance to GMO, but enthusiasm about science, distrust in experts
E.g. Grand challenges
RRI emerges as a collective term with a legacy from all of these discourses. Common a dedication to a broad understanding and evaluation of ‘risk’ up-stream, and realization of the need to include knowledge of variety of ‘experts’.
Responsibility is the central term in RRI, it is seen as central for ensuring that research and innovation will indeed lead to better technologies that will contribute to solving the grand challenges identified by the EU
Responsibility can however be understood in multiple ways:
So far, responsibility has mainly been understood as individual responsibility that one e.g. a scientist could and should take for the consequences of his/her actions. Philosophically such an understanding of responsibility is referred to as consequentialist.
However, when it concerns research and innovation individualized notions of responsibility are not sufficient as many actors and organizations are at any one time involved and acting in innovation and research processes. Furthermore, the context of innovation is highly uncertain and future-oriented, which makes consequentialist reasoning based on estimations of the results of actions (highly) problematic.
As part of the move towards RRI, a shift from individual to collective responsibility has therefore been diagnosed. Increasingly, organisations and sectors, like universities, business/finance, government/policy and EU are seen as the relevant actors and institutions (who should) engage in RRI processes and not individual scientist, engineers and policy-makers alone. RRI, would then entail a process of inclusive deliberation involving a wide variety of actors.
In addition the focus is less on responsibility in relation to outcome alone, and more on responsibility as responsible process and acceptable outcomes. The focus on process and outcome can be found in the known definition of RRI, and we have taken these as a starting point for our working definition.
-Practicing a more inclusive and deliberative RRI requires considering four pairs of (intricately related) process dimensions.
-The European Commission, with its identication of policy agendas, however, has provided RRI with even more concretely defined normative orientations in the form of a set of six policy keys that RRI should further
featuring three examples of each of them to illustrate what a strong example can look like—can, as the concrete implementation of each of the process requirements might call for different things in different contexts.