This document provides an overview of computers and data processing. It discusses what a computer is, the basic components of a computer system including hardware like the CPU, input/output devices, and storage. It describes the three main stages of the data processing cycle: input, process, output. It also discusses different types of data processing like manual and electronic, and classifications of computers according to data handled, purpose, and size. The document is intended to help students in Grade 6 understand basic computer concepts and prepare for an upcoming test on the topic.

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4. Saint AugustineThis is our coverage for our 1st periodical test, and also for our Quiz bee on Wednesday, on Thursday we’ll have a quiz. Next week we’ll have a Review, both HELE and Computer. Study hard! Prepared by: Ms. Requiso

5. What is computer?

6. computer Is an electronic device, operating under the control of instructions stored in it’s own memory unit that can accept data, process data mathematically or logically and produced meaningful results called information.

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8. What is Data? Data – are raw facts or figures. They are made up letters, numbers and other symbols or special characters. can be list of phone numbers list of students names a set of keywords jotted during a speech

9. Information refers to data that have been processed into a form that is meaningful and useful.

10. Data Processing – is the manipulation and transformation of data into meaningful results.

11. Examples of the operations used in data processing include the following: Gathering Data Interpretation and classification of data Recording of Data Performing basic mathematical operations Summarizing the results

12. Data processing is a routinely activity of all people. It’s what we do to gain and develop new knowledge. It is actually a cycle. As you read you will understand why.

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14. 3 data processing cycle Input Process Output

15. TYPES OF DATA PROCESSING Manual Data Processing Manual – mechanical data processing Electronic data processing

16. Manual Data Processing – is characterized by the absence of any machine in processing data. The person involved does all the activities – from accumulation of data, their manipulation and the creation of results

17. Manual mechanical data processing- devices are used In processing but human intervention is needed to produce results.

18. Electronic data processing – refers to the use of computer in processing data.

19. Why is a computer so powerful? It is fast – In a computer, operations occur through the use of electronic circuits contained on a small chips. It is Reliable – A human being can grow tired, a computer cannot. It is Accurate – the computer calculates values and moves data within locations in the computer.

20. 4. It stores large amount of data – storage capability is another reason why computer are so powerful. 5. It has a numerous other capabilities – can recall data stored in it’s memory; it is capable of remote processing and simulation and simultaneous processing; it can communicate with another computer.

21. What computers cannot do? It is dependent on program – for a computer to perform the operations in the data processing cycle, it must be given a detailed set of instructions or steps that tell it exactly what to do. It cannot generate it’s own data – the computer is reliant on the input of the user. It is prone to viruses – The increase in number of computer viruses has already destroyed many programs in the past and has even affected the performance of some computer components and peripherals.

22. THE COMPUTER SYSTEM - Hardware Refers to the physical components of the computer system. It is the tangible part of the system which includes input, process, output and storage device.

23. Input devices Used to enter data into computer. These include keyboard, the mouse, joystick, scanners, and microphone.

24. is used to key In data into memory of the computer. It is used to type in commands of certain program. Mouse Is a pointing device that is move around the computer screen to select a command. Keyboard

25. Joystick helps you control the movement of people and objects in many computer games. Scanner Works like a photocopy machine. It allows you to transfer pictures and photographs to your computer. Microphone Can capture sounds or voices for recording of effects.

26. Central processing unit (CPU)

27. “Is the heart and brain” of the computer. It contains the electronic circuits that actually cause the processing of data to occur. It directs the computer on where the data must be stored, what instruction to execute, how to perform requested operations, where to place the results. CPU

28. Output device Are used to give out processed data from the memory unit of the computer. Output unit devices are: 1. Printer– produce hard copy converts electronic or digital text and images into printed form. 2. Monitor – display the software being used and also the results obtained after data processing. 3. VDU ( Visual Display Unit ) 4. CTR ( cathode ray tube )

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31. Diskette

32. Flash drive

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36. Vista

38. 2. Digital computer

39. 3. Hybrid computer - This computer combines the measuring of the analog computer and the logical control capabilities of a digital computer

40. 3 classification according to PURPOSE Business Computer - Cater to the needs of the business community

42. 4 classification according to size Microcomputer – a synonym for the more common term, Personal computer (PC) Minicomputer- functioned as a multi-user system for a several hundred users. Mainframe computers- used for such application of payroll computations, accounting business, transactions and engineering computations Supercomputers- extremely powerful computer that performs at or near the currently highest operational rate for computers. Such as: weather forecasting, aircraft designs and nuclear energy.

43. Hint: Study the following words Computer Data Data processing Manual data processing Electronic data processing Cycle of data processing Computer system Why is a computer so POWERFUL? What are computers cannot do?

44. Hardware Software CPU Input devices Output devices Auxiliary devices Software Operating system Classification of computers Classification according to the type of data handle Classification according to purpose Classification according to size.

45. Grade 6 ADELANTE! Prepared by: Ms. Requiso