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1
What is an issue tree and how
to use it?
Practical guide with examples
2
What is an issue
tree?
3
Bottom-up approach Top-down approach Backward logic
Compounded effect Issue Tree Priorities
Benchmarks 80/20 rule Opportunity Tree
KPIs and business
drivers
Theory of constraints
and bottlenecks
Issue tree is one of the most important tools
used in management consulting
4
Issue tree is a concept that will help you guess in a structured
manner the problems, reasons causing those problems and on
the basis of this decide what should be analyzed
Area of analysis
Area 1
Problem 1
Problem 2
Possible Reason 1
Possible Reason 2
Possible Reason 3
Possible Reason 4
Possible reasonsSuspected problems
Analysis to be
performed
Analysis 1
Analysis 2
Analysis 3
Analysis 4
5
Guess in a structured manner
the problems
Set priorities
See what you have to do to
check certain hypotheses
Coordinate a group of
Business Analysts
Show to other the whole
picture
Not to get lost in analyses you
do
It helps you do a lot of things….
6
Let’s have a look at
examples of issue trees
7
We will start with an example of
logistics in a chicken producer…
8
Have a look at an issue tree example for a chicken meat
producer. We guess that he has 3 problems in Logistics
Area of analysis
Transport
High costs of transport per ton of
goods
Big level of waste and breakage in
transport
Possible reasonsSuspected problems
Analysis to be
performed
Low usage of resources
9
Then for those problems we try to guess the reasons causing them
Area of analysis
Transport
High costs of transport per ton of
goods
Big level of waste and breakage in
transport
Possible reasonsSuspected problems
Analysis to be
performed
Badly designed routes
Too big fuel usage
No shipments on the way back
Low usage of resources
Badly designed method of packaging
which makes the product prone to
damage
Speed not adjusted to the product
Badly organized work and schedule of
deliveries
Limitation on delivery time of finished
goods
10
Finally we come up with analyzes we have to carry to prove or
disprove these hypotheses (that certain reason is causing certain
problem
Area of analysis
Transport
High costs of transport per ton of
goods
Big level of waste and breakage in
transport
Possible reasonsSuspected problems
Analysis to be
performed
Analysis of correlation between type
of packaging and percentage of
damaged
Analysis of time spent on the way and
kilometers covered in that time
Analysis of designed routes, their
length and the influence of possible
changes
Analysis of fuel usage and kilometers
covered by vehicles
Analysis of load carried on the way
back
Badly designed routes
Too big fuel usage
No shipments on the way back
Low usage of resources
Badly designed method of packaging
which makes the product prone to
damage
Speed not adjusted to the product
Badly organized work and schedule of
deliveries
Limitation on delivery time of finished
goods
Analysis of level of overtime, daily
organization of drivers work
Analysis of Clients’ preferences on
delivery time
11
Now let’s have a look at an issue
tree for a Retailer….
12
Retail chain development
Product Range / Category
Range Management
Pricing
Logistic / Supply Chain
Expansion model
In-store process
HR especially trainings
When you are talking about Retail you should
have a look a the following areas
13
Area of analysis
Retail chain
development
Low growth in sales
Decreasing EBITDA of new stores
Possible reasonsSuspected problems
Analysis to be
performed
Analysis of rents vs comparable
competition
Salaries growth vs rotation – comparison
with competition
Analyze the change in sales after opening
new stores / on-line introduction
Analysis of number of openings vs
availability of new places
Low LFL due to cannibalization (on-
line, new stores in old locations)
Few new openings in locations
Increasing rents due not proper usage
of purchasing power
Growing salaries to keep low rotation
High cost of building new stores
No support from the shopping malls
Not optimized formats, expensive
fixtures
Analysis of contracts with shopping malls
Analysis of cost per 1 sq. m, number of
fixtures, cost per fixtures
Below you can see example of issue tree in Retail
Chain Development
14
Area of analysis
Product Range
Management
Low margin on Category A
Low margin on Category B
Possible reasonsSuspected problems
Analysis to be
performed
Analysis of whom we buy from Category B
and the whole value chain
Analysis of planning and allocation process
Analyze of number of suppliers and their
share in sales vs market
Analysis of Private Labels potential –
benchmarks and potential supplier
Too many supplier of Category A that
undermines your purchasing power
Lack of Private Labels
Usage of middlemen instead of direct
suppliers
Improper planning and allocation by
stores
High inventory cost
Improper planning and allocation by
stores
Non-responsive supply chain
Analysis of planning and allocation process
Analysis of lead times, deliverability on-
time, level of breakage
Below you can see example of issue tree for Retail
where we cover Product Range Management
15
If you want to check more management consulting techniques
check my online course with loads of examples
Click to check my course
How to become world class Business
Analyst? Cases in Excel
$190
$15
16
Check what course will help you to be word class
Management Consultant
Top 10 courses that every
Management Consultant should
take
My super objective view
presentation
17
There are also some books that I highly recommend
Top 25 books that every
Management Consultant should
read
My super objective view
presentation
18
Subscribe to our channels:
www
19
If you want to check how in practice to manage a consulting
project a would recommend my presentation
How to manage a consulting
project?
A practical guide
presentation
20
You can also find some useful tips on Excel
Business modeling of offline
businesses in Excel
A practical guide
presentation
21
You can also find some useful tips on Excel
Retail for Business Analysts and
Management Consultants
A practical guide
presentation
22
You can also find some useful tips on Excel
Essential Excel for Business
Analysts and Consultants
A practical guide
presentation
23
Check my extensive presentation on productivity hacks to see
how you can me 10x more productive
Management consultant
productivity hacks
How to be lazy and still get things done
presentation
24
Check my presentation on market research methods to
understand them properly
Market research
Practical guide for startups and entrepreneurs
presentation
25
Check my presentation other presentations
Essential Lean Manufacturing for
Management Consultants
Practical guide how to cut costs
presentation
26
You can also have a look at how to create a financial model in
Excel
Financial Modeling for Business
Analysts and Management
Consultants
Step by step guide
presentation
27
Check also my other presentations
Management Consulting
Presentations
Practical guide how to prepare a great presentation
presentation
28
Check my presentation that will help you get into consulting
How to get into consulting
Practical guide how to pass the case part
presentation
29
I recommend also looking at some techniques to improve
your business. Click on the cover below to go to the
presentation
How to become world class
analyst
A practical guide
presentation
30
Check also my other presentations
Management Consulting
Presentations
Practical guide how to prepare a great presentation
presentation
31
Check also my other presentations
Production for Management
Consultants
Practical guide
presentation
32
Check also business modeling in Excel
Business models
Practical guide for startups and entrepreneurs
presentation
33
Check my presentation on starting and running consulting
company
How to create management
consulting presentations?
A practical guide
presentation
34
Check my extensive presentation on productivity hacks to see
how you can me 10x more productive
Management consultant
productivity hacks
How to be lazy and still get things done
presentation
35
If you need more detailed version on productivity hacks you
can check our course on productivity hacks
Click to check my course
Management Consulting
Productivity Hacks
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36
Check my presentation on restaurant business model to
understand it properly
How to open a successful
restaurant
A practical guide
presentation
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Check my presentation on on-line models to understand
them properly
On-line Business Models
A practical guide
presentation
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For more check also my on-line course
Click to check my course
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Practical Guide
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Check my presentation on starting and running consulting
company
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A practical guide
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40
There is an interesting summary of ways to test cheaply
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MVP – how to test your business
idea without building the
product
A practical guide
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What is an issue tree and how to use it?

  • 1. 1 What is an issue tree and how to use it? Practical guide with examples
  • 2. 2 What is an issue tree?
  • 3. 3 Bottom-up approach Top-down approach Backward logic Compounded effect Issue Tree Priorities Benchmarks 80/20 rule Opportunity Tree KPIs and business drivers Theory of constraints and bottlenecks Issue tree is one of the most important tools used in management consulting
  • 4. 4 Issue tree is a concept that will help you guess in a structured manner the problems, reasons causing those problems and on the basis of this decide what should be analyzed Area of analysis Area 1 Problem 1 Problem 2 Possible Reason 1 Possible Reason 2 Possible Reason 3 Possible Reason 4 Possible reasonsSuspected problems Analysis to be performed Analysis 1 Analysis 2 Analysis 3 Analysis 4
  • 5. 5 Guess in a structured manner the problems Set priorities See what you have to do to check certain hypotheses Coordinate a group of Business Analysts Show to other the whole picture Not to get lost in analyses you do It helps you do a lot of things….
  • 6. 6 Let’s have a look at examples of issue trees
  • 7. 7 We will start with an example of logistics in a chicken producer…
  • 8. 8 Have a look at an issue tree example for a chicken meat producer. We guess that he has 3 problems in Logistics Area of analysis Transport High costs of transport per ton of goods Big level of waste and breakage in transport Possible reasonsSuspected problems Analysis to be performed Low usage of resources
  • 9. 9 Then for those problems we try to guess the reasons causing them Area of analysis Transport High costs of transport per ton of goods Big level of waste and breakage in transport Possible reasonsSuspected problems Analysis to be performed Badly designed routes Too big fuel usage No shipments on the way back Low usage of resources Badly designed method of packaging which makes the product prone to damage Speed not adjusted to the product Badly organized work and schedule of deliveries Limitation on delivery time of finished goods
  • 10. 10 Finally we come up with analyzes we have to carry to prove or disprove these hypotheses (that certain reason is causing certain problem Area of analysis Transport High costs of transport per ton of goods Big level of waste and breakage in transport Possible reasonsSuspected problems Analysis to be performed Analysis of correlation between type of packaging and percentage of damaged Analysis of time spent on the way and kilometers covered in that time Analysis of designed routes, their length and the influence of possible changes Analysis of fuel usage and kilometers covered by vehicles Analysis of load carried on the way back Badly designed routes Too big fuel usage No shipments on the way back Low usage of resources Badly designed method of packaging which makes the product prone to damage Speed not adjusted to the product Badly organized work and schedule of deliveries Limitation on delivery time of finished goods Analysis of level of overtime, daily organization of drivers work Analysis of Clients’ preferences on delivery time
  • 11. 11 Now let’s have a look at an issue tree for a Retailer….
  • 12. 12 Retail chain development Product Range / Category Range Management Pricing Logistic / Supply Chain Expansion model In-store process HR especially trainings When you are talking about Retail you should have a look a the following areas
  • 13. 13 Area of analysis Retail chain development Low growth in sales Decreasing EBITDA of new stores Possible reasonsSuspected problems Analysis to be performed Analysis of rents vs comparable competition Salaries growth vs rotation – comparison with competition Analyze the change in sales after opening new stores / on-line introduction Analysis of number of openings vs availability of new places Low LFL due to cannibalization (on- line, new stores in old locations) Few new openings in locations Increasing rents due not proper usage of purchasing power Growing salaries to keep low rotation High cost of building new stores No support from the shopping malls Not optimized formats, expensive fixtures Analysis of contracts with shopping malls Analysis of cost per 1 sq. m, number of fixtures, cost per fixtures Below you can see example of issue tree in Retail Chain Development
  • 14. 14 Area of analysis Product Range Management Low margin on Category A Low margin on Category B Possible reasonsSuspected problems Analysis to be performed Analysis of whom we buy from Category B and the whole value chain Analysis of planning and allocation process Analyze of number of suppliers and their share in sales vs market Analysis of Private Labels potential – benchmarks and potential supplier Too many supplier of Category A that undermines your purchasing power Lack of Private Labels Usage of middlemen instead of direct suppliers Improper planning and allocation by stores High inventory cost Improper planning and allocation by stores Non-responsive supply chain Analysis of planning and allocation process Analysis of lead times, deliverability on- time, level of breakage Below you can see example of issue tree for Retail where we cover Product Range Management
  • 15. 15 If you want to check more management consulting techniques check my online course with loads of examples Click to check my course How to become world class Business Analyst? Cases in Excel $190 $15
  • 16. 16 Check what course will help you to be word class Management Consultant Top 10 courses that every Management Consultant should take My super objective view presentation
  • 17. 17 There are also some books that I highly recommend Top 25 books that every Management Consultant should read My super objective view presentation
  • 18. 18 Subscribe to our channels: www
  • 19. 19 If you want to check how in practice to manage a consulting project a would recommend my presentation How to manage a consulting project? A practical guide presentation
  • 20. 20 You can also find some useful tips on Excel Business modeling of offline businesses in Excel A practical guide presentation
  • 21. 21 You can also find some useful tips on Excel Retail for Business Analysts and Management Consultants A practical guide presentation
  • 22. 22 You can also find some useful tips on Excel Essential Excel for Business Analysts and Consultants A practical guide presentation
  • 23. 23 Check my extensive presentation on productivity hacks to see how you can me 10x more productive Management consultant productivity hacks How to be lazy and still get things done presentation
  • 24. 24 Check my presentation on market research methods to understand them properly Market research Practical guide for startups and entrepreneurs presentation
  • 25. 25 Check my presentation other presentations Essential Lean Manufacturing for Management Consultants Practical guide how to cut costs presentation
  • 26. 26 You can also have a look at how to create a financial model in Excel Financial Modeling for Business Analysts and Management Consultants Step by step guide presentation
  • 27. 27 Check also my other presentations Management Consulting Presentations Practical guide how to prepare a great presentation presentation
  • 28. 28 Check my presentation that will help you get into consulting How to get into consulting Practical guide how to pass the case part presentation
  • 29. 29 I recommend also looking at some techniques to improve your business. Click on the cover below to go to the presentation How to become world class analyst A practical guide presentation
  • 30. 30 Check also my other presentations Management Consulting Presentations Practical guide how to prepare a great presentation presentation
  • 31. 31 Check also my other presentations Production for Management Consultants Practical guide presentation
  • 32. 32 Check also business modeling in Excel Business models Practical guide for startups and entrepreneurs presentation
  • 33. 33 Check my presentation on starting and running consulting company How to create management consulting presentations? A practical guide presentation
  • 34. 34 Check my extensive presentation on productivity hacks to see how you can me 10x more productive Management consultant productivity hacks How to be lazy and still get things done presentation
  • 35. 35 If you need more detailed version on productivity hacks you can check our course on productivity hacks Click to check my course Management Consulting Productivity Hacks $45 $15
  • 36. 36 Check my presentation on restaurant business model to understand it properly How to open a successful restaurant A practical guide presentation
  • 37. 37 Check my presentation on on-line models to understand them properly On-line Business Models A practical guide presentation
  • 38. 38 For more check also my on-line course Click to check my course On-line Business Models in Excel – Practical Guide $45 $15
  • 39. 39 Check my presentation on starting and running consulting company Start and run consulting company A practical guide presentation
  • 40. 40 There is an interesting summary of ways to test cheaply businesses MVP – how to test your business idea without building the product A practical guide presentation