This document provides an overview and comparison of several software development methodologies: Waterfall, Agile, Scrum, and Kanban. It describes the key aspects of each methodology such as phases, roles, artifacts, and differences between Scrum and Kanban. Some key points include: Waterfall is a sequential model with predefined phases, while Agile emphasizes rapid delivery through iterative sprints. Scrum uses sprints, roles like Product Owner and Scrum Master, and artifacts like backlogs and burn down charts. Kanban differs from Scrum in having continuous workflow rather than set sprints.