The document explains the various types of operators in C programming, including arithmetic, increment/decrement, assignment, relational, logical, bitwise, and special operators. Each operator is described with examples demonstrating their use in mathematical and logical operations. The document emphasizes how operators function and their purpose within the programming language.

1. What is an Operator?

2. Operator is a symbol that indicates the compiler to perform some
specific mathematical or logical function. There are a variety of
operators in C language.
sum = a + b;
Operand
Operator

3. There are variety of operators in C Language :-
1- Arithmetic Operator
2- Increment Decrement Operator
3- Assignment Operator
4- Relational Operator
5- Logical Operator
6- Bitwise Operator
7- Special Operator or Miscellaneous Operator

4. Arithmetic Operator
This operator is used to perform mathematical operations such as multiplication,
division, addition, subtraction on the numerical values.
Operator Operation Example
+
-
*
/
%
Addition of operands
Subtraction of operands
Multiplication of operands
Division of operands
It return remainder
3 + 2 = 5
3 - 2 = 1
3 * 2 = 6
6 / 2 = 3
10 % 2 = 0

5. Increment decrement Operator
There are two operations in C programming ++ and – called as Increment and
decrement operators, it used to increase the cause by one and decrease the
value by one.
Operator Operation Example(a=10)
++
--
Increments the value by one
Decrements the value by one
a++ //11
a-- //9

6. Assignment Operator
This operator is used to assign the value to the variable, = is most common of all
the assignment operator.
Operator Example Same as
=
+=
*=
/=
%=
a=5 a = 5
a = a+5
a = a*5
a = a/5
a = a% 5
a+=5
a*=5
a/=5
a%=5

7. Relational Operator
It is used to check the relation between the two operands, if the relation is true
it returns 1 if the relation is false it returns 0.
Operator Meaning of Operator Example
==
!=
>
<
>=
Check if two operand are equal 5==5 //1
5>3 //1
5<3 //0
5>=5 //1
if two operand are not equal
if operand on the left is greater than operand on the right
operand on the left is smaller than right operand
if operand on left is smaller than or equal to right operand
5!=2 //1

8. Logical Operator
The expression containing this logical operator returns 0 or 1 depending upon
result is true or false. It is generally used with decision making.
Operator Meaning of Operator Example (a=2, b=5)
||
!
Returns true if all are true ((a==2) && (b==5)) //True
Returns true if any one is true
Returns true when value is false
&&
((a==2) || (b>7)) //True
!(a==2) //False

9. Bitwise Operator
When we use this operator the mathematical or computation operation we are
doing is converted to bit level first to make the processing faster and saves
power.
a
0
0
1
1
b
1
0
1
0
a & b
0
0
1
0
a | b
1
0
1
1
a ^ b
1
0
0
1

10. Bitwise Operator
Left shift
a = 00010000
b=2
a<<b
01000000
Right shift
a = 00010000
b=2
a>>b
00000100

11. Special Operators
Operator Meaning of Operator Example (a=2, b=5)
&
*
Returns size of variable Int a; sizeof(a) //2
Returns address of the variable
Points to address of another variable
sizeof()
Int a; &a //address
int *ptr
, Used as separator and operator both a=(3,5,4) //4

12. Comma Operator
int a=10, b=20, c=50; //separator
int a = (5,10,18); //operator
Output  18
Because comma operator takes the rightmost value, it
evaluates all values but rejects them.
int a = 5,10,18 ; //error
int a = 5, int 10, int 18 ; //error

13. Let’s see Special Operators in Turbo C