Wet crude treatment

Arab Oil & Natural Gas website
www.Arab-Oil-NaturalGas.com
presents

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It is the crude that contains water, salts &
sediments more than 0.1% vol. , that
amounts should be treated to meet
consumer requirements.
And that is why WCT facility is made.
Removing water from crude oil often
requires additional processing beyond
gravitational separation.

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Water in crude oil causes:
- Reduction of the size of flow pipes and
treating equipment.
- Reduction of heat input when heating the
emulsion (water takes about twice as much
heat as oil)
- Minimization of corrosion because free water
comes into direct contact with the metal
surface, whereas emulsified water does not.

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1. Storage tank(s) and pumps.
2. Fired Heater & Heat Exchangers
3. Dehydrator(s).
4. Desalter(s).
5. Wash Water Unit.
6. Produced Water Unit.

Storage
tank
Wet crude
Indirect Fired Heater
Dehydration /
desalting Train
Dry Crude to Export line
Dehydrator Desalter
Mixing Valve Mixing Valve
Produced
Water
Wash
Water
Dry Crude to export
Produced
Water
to Produced
water treatment
Unit
Wash
Water
Typical Dehydrator & Desalter Train

The storage tank is used for storing crude oil and
as a suction for main pumps that pump crude to the
dehydrating / desalting unit. This tank can be used
to separate Free water also.
Storage
tank
to
Indirect Fired
Heater
Wet crude

in which heat is transferred from the hot flue
gases to the emulsion via water as a transfer
medium. The emulsion passes through tubes
immersed in a hot water bath.

This heater is used to heat wet crude to reduce the
viscosity of the oil phase allowing more rapid settling
velocities.
It also has the effect of dissolving the small crystals of
paraffin and asphaltenes and thus neutralizing their
effect as potential emulsifiers.
Treating temperatures normally range from 100-160°F.
in treating of heavy crudes the temperature may be as
high as 300°F.

The dehydrator is used to reduce the water content in the wet
crude using electrostatic field generated by 2 or 3 electric
grids connected to an electric transformer.

the electric field causes the droplets to move about rapidly
in random directions, which greatly increases the
chances of collision with another droplet. When droplets
collide with the roper velocity, coalescence occurs.

is very similar to dehydrator in function & design, but
using wash water reduces the salt content in the crude oil
to the export specification, which is less than 20 PTB.
Wash water helps in dissolving existing salts in the crude, the
disposal of this water will take all the salts with as a Produced
water.

as mentioned previously using wash water reduces the salt
content in the crude oil.
this system consists of a tank & 2 pumps.
Wash Water
tank
Wash water to dehydrator & desalter

Produced water: is the water produced from dehydrator &
desalter, it is:
associated water with crude oil + wash water
After treatment , produced water is used either as drinking
water or for irrigation.
This unit consists of filters & skimmers that skims oil
droplets from water, then some chemicals added to the
water to make it free from germs and to prevent corrosion.

Wet crude treatment

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