Lord Macaulay, the president of the General Committee of Public Instruction played the most important role in introducing the western system of education. However, the process started in 1813. They started incorporating the western system of education in India by 1813. Lord Macaulay is the one who is said to have introduced western education in India.

1. History of Western Education in India
 Initiative taken by the Missionaries
 Missionaries schools were established in Madras, Bengal
and Bombay.
 Controversy regarding Government Policies
 Charter Act of 1813
 Angliscist and Orientalist
 Western & Native and Traditional oriental learning.
 Lord William Bentick in 1835.
 Lord Macaulay-Law member of the Governor General’s
Council.
 Education Minute-1835
 Wood’s Dispatch -1854-12 POINT RECOMMENDATION
Dr.R.Pricila

2. Dr.R.Pricila

3. •SIR THOMAS MUNRO, WHO ASSUMED CHARGE
AS THE GOVERNOR OF MADRAS IN 1820,
DIRECTED THE COLLECTOR OF THE
DISTRICTS TO SUBMIT REPORTS AS TO THE
CONDITION OF EDUCATION IN THEIR
RESPECTIVE DISTRICTS, WITH THE OBJECT OF
BRINGING EDUCATION REFORMS.
•THE PANDITS TAUGHT THE SANSKRIT IN
PATASALAS AND TAUGHT THE MUSLIMS IN THE
MOSQUES.
Introduction of Western
System of Education in
Tamilnadu
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4.  Hindu and Mohamedan were established Muslim
college at calcutta, and a Sanskrit institution at
Banaras were started.
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5. Dr.R.Pricila

6. The history of the development of English
education in India falls into four distinct periods:
 1. From 1772 to 1818, the period of beginnings;
 2. From 1818 to 1854, the period of foundation
and decision of great importance;
 3. From 1854 to 1901, the period of rapid
expansion; and
 4. From 1901 to the present day, the period of
examination and modification.
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7.  Charles Grant, one of the Directors of the company,
submitted a memorandum to the British government
to introduce English education in India.
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8.  In the Chartaer Act of 1813 provision was made for
"the revival and improvement of literature and for
the introudction and promotion of knowledge of the
sciences among the inhabitants of the 20 British
territories in India
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9.  Through the efforts of Raja Ram Mohan Roy the
Hindu college was founded in 1817 where Hindus
received education in European languages and
sciences, and the Bishop of Calcutta opened an
institute to train young Christians as preachers and
impart knowledge of English to Hindus and Muslims.
 Mean while in Madras Presidency, steps were taken
for the introudction of English education without
interfering with the indigenous system of learning
Collectorate school at district headquarters and
Tahsildari school at taluk headquarters were started
throughout the 21 Madras Presidency
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10.  "In every collectorate there were to be two
collectorate schools, one for the Hindus and the
other for the Muslims, under one or more teachers
trained in various subjects.
 At Tahsildari, there was to be a school 22 under a
competent school-master'
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11.  English was taught in the collectorate schools, while
in Tahsildari schools the entire teaching was
conducted either in Tamil, Telugu or Kannada
repsectively in the linguistic regions of the Madras
Presidency.
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12.  While introducing European knowledge the
country Directors had clearly announced that they
did not wish to discourage higher studies in
Sanskrit, Persian and Arabic literature; and they
believed that a knowledge of English alone would
enable Indians to acquire higher education and
that they wished it to be taught along with the
Indian language, and that vernacular should be the
medium of instruction in the elementary classes.
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13.  There were two schools of thought among the
English educationists in regard to the type of
education to be imparted to the Indians.
 The first school headed by Lord Macaulay was for
education through English medium and
introduction of western culture and literature.
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14.  The second school, known as the Orientalists,
while agreeing to the education of the Indians in
western science and knowledge, advocated the
encouragement of Sanskrit and Arabic literature.
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15. TECHNICAL EDUCATION
 Besides literary education, government also gave due
encouragement to technical education with a view to
enhance the opportunities and industrial output.
 To implement the system effectively a committee was
constituted under the chairmanship of Abot and
Wood.
 These tehnical experts after thorough investigation
submitted a report to the government.
 The report rcommended the government to start job
oriented technical courses in schools and colleges.
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16.  It also suggested the industrialist to utilise trained
technicians in their firms.
 Governement accepted the recommentation of the
committee in priniciple.
 But due to the outbreak of second world war,the
proposals of the committee were not implemented by
the government.
 Then the government of India with a view to approve
technical education, consituted a committee under the
chairmenship of John Sergent.
• This report encouraged technical education.
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17. Founding of Annamalai University
• The idea of starting a Tamil university was in the
mind of the tamil people in the early years of 20th
century.
• The formation of Mysore University in 1916 and the
Andhra University in 1925 induced the people of the
southern districts of Madras presidency to start a
Tamil university either in Madurai or in Trichy.
• At this time, the Madras university appointed a
committee to study elaborately the possibilty of
starting university in the southern parts of
Tamilnadu.
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18.  In the meantime, Sir, Annamalai Chettiyar the Raja
of Chettinad, started Meenakshi College in 1921 at
Chidamaram.
 In 1922B.A degree course was started in this college.
 In the mean time,Meenakshi College introduced the
degree courses in science and B.A (Hons) in 1927.
 Raja Sir, Annamalai Chettiar established an
endowement for Rs.20 lakhs in order to upgrade the
Meenakshi College into a university.
 Again, for this purpose the existing three college and
their buildings were brought under one
management.
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