Industrial relations - International and European Framework Agreements - Christian Welz - Eurofound
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This document discusses transnational agreements like International Framework Agreements (IFAs) and European Framework Agreements (EFAs) between global unions and multinational companies. It provides data on the growth of IFAs and EFAs from 1998-2008, and analyzes their content regarding standards, rights, and inclusion of suppliers. While IFAs and EFAs have increased social dialogue, their impact is limited beyond establishing relationships and they do not establish a strong legal framework at the international or EU level. They also primarily reflect the traditions of European industrial relations.
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Industrial relations - International and European Framework Agreements - Christian Welz - Eurofound
- 1. Trans-national Agreements: International and European Framework Agreements 2nd EU_US Aviation Forum Brussels, 22-23 June 2009 Dr. Christian Welz European Foundation
- 2. European System of IREuropean System of IR Intersectoral social dialogue Sectoral social dialogue EWCs IFAs_EFAsIFAs_EFAs SEs Cross industry Sector al CompanyCompany national social dialogue
- 3. IFA company agreement signed by a TNC and a Global Union Federation (GUF) EFA company agreement signed by a TNC and a European Industry Federation (EIF) and/or a EWC DDeefinitonfiniton
- 4. actors: TNC, GUFs > IFAs TNC, EIF and or EWCs > EFAs process: no legal framework at EU or international level outcomes: 72 IFAs 73 EFAs IFAs vs. EFAsIFAs vs. EFAs
- 5. IFAs in October 2008IFAs in October 2008 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 JP CA AU NZ RSA RU GB CZ PT BE DK NO LU IT ES SE NL FR DE
- 6. EFAs in October 2008EFAs in October 2008 73 EFAs - 52 co-signed by an EWC - 42 signed by an EWC only - 10 co-signed with EIF - 3 co-signed with national TU - leader: France - with 38 EFAs in 14 companies - Suez(5), Air France/KLM(4), Vivendi(3), Total(3)
- 7. Growth IFAs / EFAs: 1998 - 2008Growth IFAs / EFAs: 1998 - 2008
- 8. Content IFAs _ standardsContent IFAs _ standards 8%13%ILO Tripartite Declar. 14%19%OECD Guidelines 22%23%Global Compact 32%26%UN Declaration on HR 12%55%ILO core conventions 24%69%General reference ILO CCIFAs 8%13%ILO Tripartite Declar. 14%19%OECD Guidelines 22%23%Global Compact 32%26%UN Declaration on HR 12%55%ILO core conventions 24%69%General reference ILO CCIFAs
- 9. Content IFAs_Content IFAs_rights conferredrights conferred 52%91%Forced labour 62%91%Child labour 54%96%Freedom of association 90%94%Anti-discrimination CCIFAs 52%91%Forced labour 62%91%Child labour 54%96%Freedom of association 90%94%Anti-discrimination CCIFAs
- 10. Content of EFAs 0 5 10 15 20 25 CSR Training Equal opportunities Sub-contracting Financial participation Fundamental rights Other Data protection HRM+ Social Management H&S Social dialogue Restructuring
- 11. Company Country (Head- quarters) Sector Employees Themes Signatory parties on the employee side Date Air France KLM France Transport 102.500 HRM: Mobility N.A. 2000 HRM: Sales and marketing staff N.A. 2000 Financial participation (interessement) 18 French unions 2005 Training EWC 2007 Allianz Germany Finance, insurance 173.000 Fundamental rights SNB (SE), UNI Finance Europa 2006 Arcelor (Usinor) France Steel Industry 320.000 H&S EWC 2002 Arcelor Luxembourg Steel Industry 320.000 H&S EWC 2004 Areva France Metal, energy 58.000 Equal opportunities EMF 2006 Axa France Finance, Insurance 112.000 Social dialogue and Restructuring UNI (mandated by 18 unions of 8 countries), 5 French unions 2005 Bouygues France Utilities, construction & 122.000 CSR EWC, French WC, ETUC, CEC 2001
- 12. Company Country (Head- quarters) Sector Employees Themes Signatory parties on the employee side Date Daimler Chrysler Germany Automotive industry 372.000 Social dialogue EWC (also on behalf of EMF) 2006 Danone France Food and Drink 100.000 Restructuring EWC 2001 Deutsche Bank Germany Banking 75.000 Restructuring: Management of change EWC 2004 Dexia Belgium Finance 25.000 Social management EWC 2002 Diageo United Kingdom Food and Drink 22.000 Restructuring EWC 2002 EADS Netherlands Aerospace 110.000 Restructuring EWC 2006 Club Mediterra- née France Leisure 20.000 Restructuring: Sub-contracting EWC 2001 ENI Italy Energy 70.000 H&S EMCEF, 3 Italian unions 1996
- 13. IFA _impact: Chiquita • image improved – from antagonistic to cooperative relationships with TUs • TUs highlighted the successes – open recognition of both the IUF and COLSIBA by senior management – resolved difficult situations • IFA increased TU membership in company and suppliers – most significant success • close to 5,000 new members in Colombia
- 14. IFA _impact: EDF • IFA contributed to social dialogue – both at national & international level – within each subsidiary local negotiations started re implementation of the IFA – social dialogue has been improved in certain countries, e.g. PL • creation of a works council for Asian countries – similar to an EWC
- 15. IFA _impact: EADS • head of business – within group > responsible for compliance • employees – are informed orally or in writing • in case of breaches – TUs and WCs may inform central management • arbitration process – agreed by the Head of HR & the EWC • suppliers & subcontractors – are asked to cooperate 'as best they can'
- 16. 9% 31% 46% 14% resp. of entire supply chain no mention of suppliers/subcontr. inform suppliers resp. of suppliers Inclusion of suppliers &Inclusion of suppliers & subcontractors in the application of IFAssubcontractors in the application of IFAs
- 17. Level linkagesLevel linkages Intersectoral social dialogue Sectoral social dialogue EWCs IFAs_EFAsIFAs_EFAs SEs Cross industry Sector al CompanyCompany national social dialogue
- 18. a)a) sectoral > company levelsectoral > company level -- EIFs = important actors at both levels - similar topics in EU sectoral social dialogue and EFAs (restructuring, social dialogue, H&S, HRM, data protection) b) company > companyb) company > company -- EWC agreements important mutual learningmutual learning exercise for EFAs Level linkagesLevel linkages
- 19. transnational dialogue at company leveltransnational dialogue at company level stable actors on employers’ side variable on TU side (GUF, EIF, EWC, nat.TU, nat. WC) no legal framework at international/EU level limited impact on suppliers and subsidiaries limited impact beyond Europe IFAs/EFAs reflect traditions of European IR concentrated in social market economies with collective interest representation ConclusionsConclusions
- 20. Further informationFurther information • http://www.eurofound.eu.int/publications 2009 • christian.welz@eurofound.europa.eu
Editor's Notes
- STRUCTURES Two Communications in 1998 and 2002 proposed the creation of TSS - SSDC : on the basis of Val Duchesse SD for the sectors Today, we have a functional and balanced structure Tripartite / bipartite Cross industry / sectoral The weakest dimension is the company one. This is the reason of the current analysis by the Commission on the possibilities to promote transnational collective bargaining.
- STRUCTURES Two Communications in 1998 and 2002 proposed the creation of TSS - SSDC : on the basis of Val Duchesse SD for the sectors Today, we have a functional and balanced structure Tripartite / bipartite Cross industry / sectoral The weakest dimension is the company one. This is the reason of the current analysis by the Commission on the possibilities to promote transnational collective bargaining.