The document discusses coherence in composing informative speeches. It defines coherence as the systematic logical connection between sentences and ideas in a text. It identifies different types of signals that indicate coherence, including additive, adversative, causal, and sequential transitions. Examples are provided for each type of transition signal to demonstrate how they can connect ideas and establish coherence when composing a speech or writing a text. The objective is to learn to use these signals correctly to ensure clear presentation of information and smooth flow between sentences, paragraphs, and ideas.

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PRAYER

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REVIEW

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MODALS
Prohibition
Permission
Obligation

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Identify and use signals that indicate
coherence (e.g. additive – also, moreover;
causative – as a result, consequently;
conditional/concessional – otherwise, in that
case, however; sequential – to begin with, in
conclusion; clarifying – for instance, in fact,
in addition)
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Use appropriate cohesive
devices in composing an
informative speech
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8. Objectives:
a. Identify the different kinds of signals that indicate
coherence;
b. Use appropriate signals that indicate coherence in
completing the sentences; and
c. Compose an informative speech with correct
usage of cohesive devices- signals that indicate
coherence.
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1.First, measure the proper water
to rice ratio. Then, measure 1 1/2
cups of water and 1 teaspoon olive oil
for every cup of uncooked rice. ...
2.Next, simmer. When the water
starts boiling, cover the pot with a
tight-fitting lid, and reduce the heat
to low. ...
3.Finally, let it steam.

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Systematic logical connection or
consistency in sentences and texts
are important to establish clear
presentation of information. This
connection can be established
through coherence.

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Signals Indicating Coherence

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Coherence

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systematic or logical connection
or consistency
Coherence is achieved when sentences
and ideas are connected and flow
together smoothly.

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Transition Signals

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are connecting words.

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1.First, measure the proper water
to rice ratio. Then, measure 1 1/2
cups of water and 1 teaspoon olive oil
for every cup of uncooked rice. ...
2.Next, simmer. When the water
starts boiling, cover the pot with a
tight-fitting lid, and reduce the heat
to low. ...
3.Finally, let it steam.

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Additive transitions are used to
add a similar idea, introduce an
additional idea, an example or
illustration, a restatement or
explanation, and/or draw to close
or summarize.

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comparatively similar to
coupled with likewise
correspondingly equally
identically together with
To add a similar idea

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We should all be careful
with the coronavirus disease
that makes our respiratory
system weak, likewise the
HIV/AIDS that makes our
immune system frail.

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also similarly
furthermore likewise
additionally moreover
in addition besides
as well as too
another
To introduce an additional idea

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The government reminds the
people on the existing
policies on community
quarantine. Also, it advises
them to always observe
appropriate health protocols.

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To introduce an example or illustration
for example namely
such as in particular
for instance specifically
to demonstrate

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There are various health
protocols that the government
mandates. Social or physical
distancing, for example, must
be strictly observed especially
in public places.

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that is
in fact
indeed
namely
specifically
thus
To introduce a restatement or explanation

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We did not enjoy our
vacation in Hong Kong.
In fact, heavy rains
poured the city for
almost three days.

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to conclude in short
as a final point in summary
in brief finally
in conclusion lastly
indeed
To draw to a close or summarize

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Many companies were forced to
shutdown. The unemployment rate
increases for the past four months.
A number of OFWs have been
repatriated . In conclusion, the country
is experiencing great economic losses
due to COVID-19 pandemic.

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Adversative transitions are
used to introduce an
opposition to an idea, contrast
and/or emphasize or clarify a
point.

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in contrast even though
conversely nevertheless
alternatively notwithstanding
yet however
although on the other
To introduce an opposite idea or contrast

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Even though the country is
experiencing great economic loss
due to this pandemic, it has
continued helping other countries
by sending our medical frontliners
and other essential goods.

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even more
above all
indeed
more importantly
besides
To emphasize or clarify a point

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Despite our limited resources
due to this pandemic, Glenda
still managed to distribute
relief goods to some of our
neighbors. Indeed, she is a
helpful and wonderful person.

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Causal transitions
indicate a consequence
or result.

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consequently
Accordingly
as a result
therefore
thus
To indicate a consequence or result

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The students reviewed their
lessons well before their
exams. As a result, they passed
the school’s assessment
process.

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Sequential transitions indicate
the sequence of ideas, events
or actions.

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first(ly)
second(ly)
third(ly)
next
then
after
To sequence your ideas

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My mother cooked our favorite
breakfast. After eating, she
washed the dishes and other
utensils. Then, she swept the
floor and cleaned the whole
house.

42. LET’S TRY

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