This document provides information about obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) and cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT). It defines OCD as having obsessions (unreasonable thoughts and fears) and compulsions (repetitive behaviors). The document describes common symptoms like repetitive checking, cleaning, or rituals. It notes OCD often begins in childhood/teen years and runs in families. CBT is discussed as an effective treatment that works by changing unhelpful thoughts and behaviors. Exposure and response prevention therapy is highlighted as a key CBT technique for OCD where patients face fears and stop compulsions. The document concludes by reminding students about an upcoming unit project on anxiety disorders.

1. OCD
Family Studies
Mr. Schofield
April 23, 2014
Lesson 8

2. Today’s Pathway
• Check-In and Attendance
• Questionnaires …
• Reminder about Unit End project details
• What is Obsessive Compulsive Disorder?
• What is Cognitive Behavioral Therapy?
• Example of Relationship Between These
• Potential work time on Unit Project
• Next Class: Social Anxiety Disorder

3. Obsessive Compulsive Disorder

4. Definition
• Obsessive Compulsive Disorder: “unreasonable
thoughts and fears (obsessions) that lead you to do
repetitive behaviors (compulsions). It's also possible
to have only obsessions or only compulsions and still
have OCD.”

5. Description
• People with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) feel the
need to check things repeatedly, or have certain thoughts
or perform routines and rituals over and over.
• The thoughts and rituals associated with OCD cause distress
and get in the way of daily life.
• The frequent upsetting thoughts are called obsessions. To
try to control them, a person will feel an overwhelming
urge to repeat certain rituals or behaviors called
compulsions.
• People with OCD can't control these obsessions and
compulsions. Most of the time, the rituals end up
controlling them.
• People with OCD may also be preoccupied with order and
symmetry, have difficulty throwing things out (so they
accumulate), or hoard unneeded items.

6. Who Is At Risk?
• For many people, OCD starts during childhood or the
teen years. Most people are diagnosed by about age 19.
• Symptoms of OCD may come and go and be better or
worse at different times.
• OCD affects about 2.2 million American adults. It strikes
men and women in roughly equal numbers and usually
appears in childhood, adolescence, or early adulthood.
• One-third of adults with OCD develop symptoms as
children, and research indicates that OCD might run in
families.

7. Symptoms
• Have repeated thoughts or images about many different
things, such as fear of germs, dirt, or intruders; acts of
violence; hurting loved ones; sexual acts; conflicts with
religious beliefs; or being overly tidy.
• Do the same rituals over and over such as washing hands,
locking and unlocking doors, counting, keeping unneeded
items, or repeating the same steps again and again.
• Can't control the unwanted thoughts and behaviors.
• Don't get pleasure when performing the behaviors or
rituals, but get brief relief from the anxiety the thoughts
cause.
• Spend at least 1 hour a day on the thoughts and rituals,
which cause distress and get in the way of daily life.

8. Causes
• Genetic
• Brain chemistry
• Stress
• Environmental factors
• Other …

9. Treatment
• Psychotherapy
• Cognitive behaviour therapy
• Medication
• Anti-anxiety
• Antidepressants

10. Tips
• Facing fears (Exposure and Response Prevention)
• Challenging unhelpful interpretations of obsessions
• Managing your stress
• Getting back into your life
• Facing your fears

13. What is CBT?

14. CBT Explained
• As the name suggests, CBT focuses on the way
people think ("cognitive") and act ("behavioural").
• The concept behind CBT is that our thoughts about
a situation affect how we feel (emotionally and
physically) and how we behave in that situation.
• As human beings, we give meaning to events that
are happening around us. However, we often don’t
realize that two people can give two very different
meanings to the same event.

15. CBT
• Research has shown that CBT is an effective treatment
for a wide range of problems (e.g., depression, anxiety,
chronic pain, disordered eating, low self-esteem, anger
problems, addiction).
• In particular, CBT has been shown to be effective in the
management of anxiety and depression, and is as (if not
more) effective as treatment with medication alone.
• Research also shows that people experiencing anxiety
and depression are less likely to relapse when treated
with CBT: They tend to get better and stay better!

17. CBT Scenario

18. ERP Therapy
• Exposure Response Prevention
• The "exposure" part of this treatment involves
direct or imagined controlled exposure to objects
or situations that trigger obsessions that arouse
anxiety. Over time, exposure to obsessional cues
leads to less and less anxiety.
• In ERP treatment, patients learn to resist the
compulsion to perform rituals and are eventually
able to stop engaging in these behaviours.

19. Unit End Project
• Fill-out the following on the form:
• Topic (anything related to anxiety)
• Project type (video, essay, pamphlet, poster,
etc.)
• Partner name (if working with someone)
• Due Date: April 29th
• Presentation Date: April 29th
• Form is Due: Yesterday

20. Closing
• Questions?
• Next Class: Social Anxiety Disorder
Contacting Mr. Schofield
• iTime – Rm. A 215 or A 130
• Email – schofield.killarney@gmail.com
• Mailbox – in office
• Blog – blogs.ubc.ca/practicum