This document discusses the evolution of the web and semantic technologies. It describes how the web has progressed from basic websites and search (Web 1.0) to user-generated content and social aspects (Web 2.0) to the semantic web that adds meaning and structure to data (Web 3.0). It argues that semantic technologies will help address the problem of information overload by making data smarter and more accessible. The document outlines different approaches to semantics including tagging, statistics, linguistics, and artificial intelligence, and how the semantic web aims to move intelligence from software to structured data.

1. Web EvolutionNova Spivacknova@twine.com

2. The Intelligence is in the ConnectionsIntelligent WebWeb OSWeb 4.0 Semantic Web 2018Intelligent personal agentsReal-Time WebWeb 3.0 Natural Language SearchSWRLActivity streams2009OWLSPARQLLifestreamingAJAXOpenIDSemantic SearchSocial WebMicrobloggingWidgetsATOMRSSRDFMashupsP2PMemetrackersOffice 2.0Web 2.0 JavascriptFlashSOAPVirtual worldsBloggingXMLSocial Media1999The WebJavaHTMLSocial NetworksSaaSConnections between InformationHTTPWikisDirectory PortalsVROnline ServicesKeyword SearchLightweight CollaborationWeb 1.0 WebsitesBBSGopher1989SQLMacOSConsumer online servicesThe DesktopGroupwareSGMLMultimedia CDROMsDatabasesWindowsFile ServersThe InternetPC EraEmailIRC1977FTPUSENETPC’sFile SystemsConnections between people

3. The Future of SearchSemantic technologies help to regain Productivity in the face of overwhelmingInformation growth…The Intelligent WebWeb 4.0 2018Web scale reasoningIntelligent agentsThe Semantic WebWeb 3.0 Natural language search2009Automatic semantic tagging (Ontologies)The Social Web Web 2.0 Human social tagging “folksonomies”Productivity of SearchThe World Wide Web1998Web 1.0 1989Keyword searchThe DesktopDirectoriesPC EraAs amount of data grows, keyword searchIs becoming less productive…1979Files & FoldersDatabasesAmount of data

4. The Big Opportunity…The social graph just connects peopleThe semantic graph connects everythingPeopleEmailsCompaniesAnd it uses richer semantics to enable:Better search

5. More targeted ads

6. Smarter collaboration

7. Deeper integration

8. Richer content

9. Better personalizationProductsPlacesServicesInterestsWeb PagesActivitiesDocumentsProjectsMultimediaEventsGroups

10. The Third Decade of the WebThe next generation: A period in time, not a technology…Enrich the structure of the Web with SemanticsTransform the Web from fileserver to databaseDo for data what Web did for documentsMake data easily accessible and searchable

11. A Higher Resolution WebIBM.comWeb SiteJoePersonIBMCompanyLives inPalo AltoCityPublisher ofFan ofLives inSubscriber toEmployee ofSuePersonJanePersonDave.comRSS FeedFan ofColdplayBandFriend ofMember ofDepiction ofDesignTeamGroupMarried toSource ofMember of123.JPGPhotoBobPersonDave.comWeblogDepiction ofMember ofMember ofDavePersonStanfordAlumnaeGroupAuthor ofMember of

12. The Web Is the Database!IBM.comWeb SiteJoePersonIBMCompanyPalo AltoCityLives inPublisher ofFan ofLives inSubscriber toEmployee ofSuePersonJanePersonDave.comRSS FeedColdplayBandFan ofFriend ofMember ofDesignTeamGroupDepiction ofMarried toSource of123.JPGPhotoMember ofBobPersonDave.comWeblogDepiction ofMember ofDavePersonStanfordAlumnaeGroupMember ofAuthor ofMember ofApplication AApplication B

13. Smart DataSmart Data is data that carries whatever is needed to make use of it.Software can be thinner yet more general – loads in portable data and domain knowledge only when needed. The smarts moves into the data itself rather than being hard-coded into the software

14. Five Approaches to Semantics

15. The Tagging ApproachTagging

16. The Statistical ApproachStatistics

17. The Linguistic ApproachLinguistics

18. The Semantic Web ApproachSemantic Web

19. The Artificial Intelligence ApproachArtificial Intelligence

20. The Approaches ComparedA.I.SemanticWebMake the Data SmarterLinguisticsTaggingStatisticsMake the software smarter

21. The Approaches ComparedWolfram AlphaDBpediaFreebaseSiriTwineFlickrMake the Data SmarterBing / PowersetDeliciousHakiaFASTYahooWikipediaAutonomyGoogleMake the software smarter

22. Two Paths to Adding Semantics

23. The Semantic Web is a Key EnablerMoves the “intelligence” out of applications, into the dataData becomes self-describing; Meaning of data becomes part of the dataData = Metadata.Just-in-time dataApplications can pull the schema for data only when the data is needed, rather than having to anticipate it