The document discusses database concepts like the backend database, frontend design, connectivity, and SQL queries. It provides steps to design the backend database using SQL Server tools. It describes how to design the frontend using ASP.NET controls and write event procedures. It also explains how to connect the frontend and backend using ADO.NET classes like SqlConnection and SqlCommand to execute queries and retrieve data.

2. Objectives
Designing Back End Database
Front End Design using ASP.NET
Writing Event Procedures
Front End-Back End Connectivity
Executing SQL Queries from Front End

3. Database
Collection of Data
Specific to a Topic
Efficient in Storage and Retrieval
Compactness
Physical Collection of Data on Storage
Media

4. DBMS
Data Base Management System
Collection of Programs
Functions:
Creation + Management of Database
Creation + Management of Database
Table Structure
Storage of Data
Manipulation of Data

5. RDBMS
Relational Data Base Management
System
Tabular DBMS
Data Storage in form of Tables
Table-Collection of:
Column: Vertical, Field, Property
Row: Horizontal, Record, Collection of
Field

6. Table
RollNo StName StDOB StEmail
2009-ag-2533 Ali Ahmad 25/12/1986 aliahmad@gmail.com
2010-ag-2686 Jawad Ahmad 23/05/1987 jawada@yahoo.com
2011-ag-1101 Shahid Nazir 05/06/1987 nazirsh@hotmail.com
2005-ag-4156 Junaid Ali 03/02/1982 j.ali@gmail.com
Fields/Column
Record/Row

7. Different RDBMS
Microsoft Access
Oracle
SQL Server

9. Back End
Database
Storage Purpose
Hidden from User
Database has a Name
Tables are Present in Database

10. Designing Back End
Designing Back End Involves:
Creating Database
Creating Tables
Specifying Columns/Fields
Each Have Its Unique Name
Tools:
SQL Server 2008 Compact Edition
SQL Server 2008 Management Studio

11. SQL Server Compact Edition
Integrated with Visual Studio 2010
Service Name: SQLEXPRESS
Database Extension: .sdf, .mdf
Suitable for PC Database Applications
.sdf: SQL Server Compact Database File
.mdf: SQL Server Database File

12. SQL Server 2008
Management Studio
Independent Installation
Default Service Name:
MSSQLSERVER
Database Extension: .mdf
Suitable for Client/Server Applications
.mdf: SQL Server Database File

14. 1
Open Visual Studio 2010
Go to “Data Connections” in “Server
Explorer”
Right Click “Data Connections” and
Select “Add Connection”
“Add Connection” Dialog Box

15. 2

16. 3

17. 4
Go to “Change” Portion of “Add
Connection” Dialog Box
“Change Data Source” Dialog Box
Select “Microsoft SQL Server
Database File” and Press “OK”
“Add Connection” Dialog Box Appears
Type in the Path and Database File
Name and Press “OK”

18. 5

19. 6

21. 1
Go to “Data Connections” in “Server
Explorer” Area
Database.mdf will be present
Double Click Database
Right Click on “Table”
Click “Add New Table”

22. 2
Write Down Table Specification as
Follows:

23. 3
Set The Field “st_regno” as Primary
Key
Right Click on “st_regno” Field and
Select “Set Primary Key”
Press CTRL+S
Type Table Name “student_info” and
Press “OK”
Table will be Created

25. Front End
User Interface (GUI)
User`s Working Area
Used to Send Commands to DBMS
DBMS Executes Commands on
Database
Data Entry
Data Manipulation
Data/Information Retrieval

26. Front End Components
Web Forms
Controls
Text Boxes
Labels
Buttons
Check Boxes
Option Buttons etc
Menus

27. Web Form (1)
Main Content
Page Area
Place to Hold other Contents
Base of Application GUI
Single Web Site may Contain as many
Web Forms as Required

28. Form (2)

29. TextBox
Available in Toolbox
Used for Input
Can be:
Single Line
Multi Line
Masked (Password)

30. Label
Available in Toolbox
Used for Output

31. Button
Available in Toolbox
Used for Performing Operations
Command Button
Purpose:
Save
Clear
Exit
etc

32. Check Box
Available in Toolbox
Tick Box
Yes/No Purpose
Multiple Selection From A Group

33. Option Button
Available in Toolbox
Radio Button
Yes/No Purpose
Single Selection From A Group

34. Designing Front End
Selection of Controls Required
Placement on Form Control
Changing Properties
Customization of Controls:
Font
Resize
Coloring
Alignment

35. Common Properties
Name
Text
ForeColor
Font
Enabled
TabIndex

36. Designing Front End

38. Event
Happening of Anything
Different Controls have Different
Events
Single Left Click
Double Left Click
Mouse Move
Key Press

39. Procedure
Piece of Code
Performs Some Operation
Program can have Many Procedures
Procedure and Event Combination

40. Event Procedure
Writing Procedure for Events
Procedure Executes on the
Occurrence of Specific Event

41. Writing Event Procedures
Current Scenario:
Save Data Button – Click
Database Connectivity and Query to Save
Data in Database (INSERT Query)
Clear Form Button – Click
Clear Form
Exit Button – Click
Exiting the Application

43. Connectivity
Importing Namespace
Using SqlConnection Class
ConnectionString
Opening Connection
Checking Connection State
Closing Connections

44. Namespace
Used to Create Hierarchy
Contain:
Classes
Structures
etc

45. Importing Namespaces
Importing Namespaces in General
Declaration Section using Keyword
‘Imports’:
System.Data
System.Data.Sql
System.Data.SqlClient

46. SqlConnection Class
Represents Unique Connection to
Database
Used to Open Connection with
Database
Must be Declared and Initialized
Object Instance Creation
Contain Properties and Methods

47. Important Members
ConnectionString
State
Open()
Close()

48. ConnectionString
Important Property
Property Name: ConnectionString
Must be Set Properly to Open
Connection
String Type
String Required to Open A Connection
to SQL Server Database

49. ConnectionString Parts
Data Source:
Server Name or Service Name
e.g. SQLEXPRESS
AttachDbFilename:
Complete Path of Database File
Integrated Security:
Security Password
TRUE or FALSE
Connect Timeout:
Time to Cancel Query in case of Error

50. Opening Connection
Open() Method of SqlConnection
Class
Used to Open a Connection to
Database
Connection Must be Open Before
Manipulating Database

51. Checking Connection State
State Property of SqlConnection
Class
Boolean Property (TRUE or FALSE)
Used to Check Status of Connection
Outcomes:
TRUE (Opened Connection)
FALSE (Closed Connection)

52. Closing Connection
Close() Method of SqlConnection
Class
Closes Connection to Database
Connection Must be Closed and
Reopened After Performing Database
Manipulation

54. SQL Queries
SQL—Structured Query Language
Query—Any Question
Executed on Database by DBMS
Sent By API (Application Program
Interface)

55. SQL Queries
API (Application Program Interface)
DBMS
User(s)
Database

56. SQL Query Types
DDL:
Database Creation
Table Structure Management
DML:
INSERT (Entering New Data)
UPDATE (Update Existing Data)
DELETE (Deleting Existing Data)
SELECT (Retrieving Data)

57. Query Execution
Importing Namespace
Using SqlCommand Class
Initializing Command Text and
Registering Connection
Executing INSERT Query
Using SqlDataReader, SqlDataAdapter
Classes
Retrieving and Showing Data

58. Importing Namespaces
Importing Namespaces in General
Declaration Section using Keyword
‘Imports’:
System.Data
System.Data.Sql
System.Data.SqlClient

59. SqlCommand Class
Deals with Database
Executes SQL Commands
Specification of SqlConnection
Must be Declared and Initialized
Collection of Properties and Methods

60. Important Members
SqlCommand(String,Connection) –
Constructor
CommandText
Connection
ExecuteReader()
ExecuteNonQuery()
Cancel()

61. SqlCommand(String,Connection)
Constructor
SqlCommand(String,Connection)
Instantiates SqlCommand Object with
String CommandText and Connection
SqlConnection

62. CommandText
Property
Gets or Sets
SQL Command to be Executed by
SqlCommand through SqlConnection
Command can be:
INSERT
UPDATE
DELETE
SELECT
String Type

63. Connection
Property
Gets or Sets
SQL Connection to Execute SQL
Command
Command can be:
INSERT
UPDATE
DELETE
SELECT
SqlConnection Type

64. ExecuteReader()
Method
Execute Commands Returning Rows
i.e. SELECT Query
Executes SELECT SqlCommand
Return Rows and Store them in
SqlDataReader Object

65. ExecuteNonQuery()
Method
Executes Commands Not Retrieving
Rows i.e. INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE
Executes INSERT/UPDATE/DELETE
SqlCommand
Doesn`t Return Anything

66. Cancel()
Method
Tries to Cancel Execution of SQL
Command Specified by SqlCommand
Object

68. Recipe….
Open and Test Connection Using
SqlConnection Object
SqlCommand Object Creation
Set CommandText and Connection
Properties
Execute Method ExecuteNonQuery()
Display Message Accordingly

70. Recipe….
Open and Test Connection Using
SqlConnection Object
SqlCommand Object Creation
Set CommandText and Connection
Properties
Execute Method ExecuteReader() and
Store Data in SqlDataReader Object
Display Data

71. SqlDataReader Class
Reads Data Rows Directly from SQL
Server Database
Reading Order—Forward
Loops – To Read Multiple Rows
Efficient
Contains Properties and Methods
Must be Open to Read Data

72. Important Members
FieldCount
HasRows
IsClosed
Close()

73. FieldCount
Property
Gets Number of Columns in Returned
Row
Type: Integer

74. HasRows
Property
Boolean Values
Indicates Whether Rows are Returned
in Response to a SELECT Query
Outcomes:
TRUE – Rows Returned
FALSE – No Row Returned

75. IsClosed
Property
Boolean Values
Indicates Whether SqlDataReader is
Closed or Not
Outcomes:
TRUE – Closed
FALSE -- Open

76. Close()
Method
Closes SqlDataReader Object
SqlDataReader Object Must be
Closed to Execute Another SQL
Command and to Return Data in the
Same Reader

77. Thank You