Everything You Want To Know About Web But Were Afraid To Ask

1. Web Acronyms
Everything You Want to Know About WEB
But Were Afraid to Ask

2. internet
WWW
server
data center
IP address
domain name
hosting
What is:
HTML
HTML5
JavaScript
CSS
web browsers
http
https
ftp
email
cloud

3. Internet
The Internet is a global
system of interconnected
computer networks.
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iDbyYGrswtg
The World Wide Web
(abbreviated as WWW or
W3, commonly known as the
Web or the "Information
Superhighway"), is a system
of interlinked hypertext
documents accessed via the
Internet.
The origins of the Internet reach
back to research of the 1960s.
United States government build
robust, fault-tolerant, and
distributed computer networks.
The commercialization of what was
by the 1990s an international
network resulted in its
popularization and incorporation into
virtually every aspect of modern
human life.
As of 2011, more than 2.2 billion
people – nearly a third of Earth's
population — use the services of the
Internet.

4. Internet map

5. Internet traffic

7. Looking for more information?
Chris Harrison
www.chrisharrison.net/index.
php/Visualizations/InternetMap/
The Dimes Project
www.netdimes.org
What does the Internet look like?
How does it evolve?
DIMES is a distributed scientific
research project, aimed to study the
structure and topology of the
Internet, with the help of a
volunteer community (similar in
spirit to projects such as
SETI@Home).

8. Servers and data centers (DC)
Server
In most common use, server is a physical
computer dedicated to running one or more
such services (as a host),to serve the needs of
users of the other computers on the network.
Special program designed to provide service.
(email server, FTP server, web server)
If regular computer can be a server?
Data Center
A data center or computer centre (also
datacenter) is a facility used to house
computer systems and associated
components, such as telecommunications
and storage systems.

9. IP address, domain name, hosting
IP address
An Internet Protocol address (IP address) is a numerical label
assigned to each device (e.g., computer, printer) participating in
a computer network that uses the Internet Protocol for
communication.
In IPv4 an address consists of 32 bits which limits the address
space to 4 294 967 296.
example: 203.45.29.198
A domain name is an identification string that defines
a realm of administrative autonomy, authority, or
control on the Internet. Domain names are formed by
the rules and procedures of the Domain Name System
(DNS).
imagination.com, google.com, ebay.com.au
where is www. ?
hosting A web hosting service is a type of Internet hosting service that
allows individuals and organizations to make their website
accessible via the World Wide Web.
domain name

10. Happy Website
Server-Side
Media
(images, videos, sounds)
HTML
CSS
JavaScript

11. HTML
HyperText Markup Language
(HTML) is the main markup
language for displaying web pages
and other information that can be
displayed in a web browser.
In 1980, physicist Tim Berners-Lee, who was a contractor at CERN, proposed and
prototyped ENQUIRE, a system for CERN researchers to use and share documents. In
1989, Berners-Lee wrote a memo proposing an Internet-based hypertext system.
Berners-Lee specified HTML and wrote the browser and server software in the last
part of 1990.
First specifications
The first publicly available description of HTML was a document called "HTML Tags",
first mentioned on the Internet by Berners-Lee in late 1991. It describes 18 elements
comprising the initial, relatively simple design of HTML. Eleven of these elements
still exist in HTML 4.

12. Real example

13. CSS - Cascading Style Sheets
CSS is a style sheet language
used for describing the
presentation semantics (the
look and formatting) of a
document written in a markup
language.
CSS is designed primarily to
enable the separation of
document content (written in
HTML or a similar markup
language) from document
presentation, including
elements such as the layout,
colors, and fonts

14. JavaScript
JavaScript (sometimes
abbreviated JS) is a scripting
language.
JavaScript was formalized in the
ECMAScript language standard
and is primarily used in the form
of client-side JavaScript,
implemented as part of a Web
browser in order to give
enhanced user interfaces and
dynamic websites. This enables
programmatic access to
computational objects within a
host environment.

15. web browsers
The first web browser
was invented in 1990 by
Sir Tim Berners-Lee.
In 1993, browser
software was further
innovated by Marc
Andreessen with the
release of Mosaic (later
Netscape), "the world's
first popular browser" why bother?

16. Browser market share April 2012

17. Protocols
HTTP
The Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) is an application protocol
for distributed, collaborative, hypermedia information systems.
HTTP is the foundation of data communication for the World Wide
Web.
HTTPS
Same as above but encrypted
FTP
File Transfer Protocol (FTP) is a standard network protocol used to
transfer files from one host to another host over a TCP-based
network, such as the Internet.

18. Email
POP3
Post Office Protocol (POP) is an
application-layer Internet standard
protocol used by local e-mail clients
to retrieve e-mail from a remote
server over a TCP/IP connection
SMTP
Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP)
is an Internet standard for electronic
mail (e-mail) transmission across
Internet Protocol (IP) network
IMAP
The Internet Message Access Protocol
is an Application Layer Internet
protocol that allows an e-mail client
to access e-mail on a remote mail
server.
Electronic mail, also
known as email or e-
mail, is a method of
exchanging digital
messages from an author
to one or more
recipients.
In 1971 the first
ARPANET email was sent

19. Why we shouldn't send big files
via email?
Email standards such as MIME don't
specify any file size limits, but in
practice email users will find that
they can't send very large files.
As an example, when Google's gmail
service increased its arbitrary limit
to 25MB it warned that: "you may not
be able to send larger attachments
to contacts who use other email
services with smaller attachment
limits".
In general, 10MB is considered safe
for the maximum size of an email,
But why ?
base64
The particular choice of character
set selected for the 64 characters
required for the base varies between
implementations.
Each attachments grows +30% from it
original size

20. CLOUD
Cloud computing is the delivery
of computing and storage
capacity as a service to a
community of end-recipients.
The name comes from the use of
a cloud-shaped symbol as an
abstraction for the complex
infrastructure.
Cloud computing entrusts
services with a user's data,
software and computation over a
network.
cloud storage, cloud music, cloud...

21. So... what actually Cloud is
about?
It's just the way how
data and services are
stored.
No limitations, pay for
what you use.
Easy marketing tool.
Dropbox,
iCloud,
Gmail,
Google Drive,
Amazon AWS

22. Hello World Website
<html>
<header>
<title></title>
</header>
<body>
<p>Hello World</p>
</body>
</html>