Introduction To the Internet

1. Introduction to the Internet

2. content
Sl no. Title Slide No.
1 Internet 3
2 History Of the Internet 4
3 Internet Protocols 5
4 Who Governs The Internet ??? 6
5 Connecting to the Internet 7-10
6 Types Of internet Connection 11-13
7 Software 14
8 Internet- Related Terminology 15
9 Web Browser 16
10 How the Web works 17
11 Web Address 18
12 Network Classes 19
13 Uniform Resource Locator 20

3. Internet
The internet is an interconnection between several
computers of different types belonging to various
networks all over the world.

4. History of the Internet
In 1969, the department of defense {DoD} of united
States of America developed a network called ARPANET.
It was started with one computer in California And
three in Utah. Later the network grew bigger and bigger
and gave birth to the present day internet.

7. Internet Protocols
Protocols are a set of rules that computers use for
transmission of data. The most commonly used
protocols are:-
• TCP:-Transmission control protocol
• IP:-Internet Protocol

8. Who Governs the Internet
Different volunteer groups have been formed to
coordinate and monitor different aspects of the
internet. These groups are as follows:-
• Internet Activities Board{IAB}
• Internet corporation for Assigned Names and
Numbers{ICANN}
• World Wide Web Consortium{W3C}

9. Connecting To the Internet
We require the following Peripherals To set up an
internet connection:-
• A Modem
• Data Transfer Media
• An internet service Provider{ISP}

10. A Modem
A modem is a computer peripheral or an accessory that
enables you to connect and communicate with other
computers via telephone lines.

11. Data Transfer Media
A medium is required to transfer data from one
computer to another. The medium can be wired, for
example, a telephone line, or wireless, for example, air.
In both the cases the ISP connects the computer to the
internet.

12. Internet Service Provider
Internet Service Providers [ISPs] are organizations that
provide internet connections to users through their
installed servers on a payment of a fee. Some of the
popular ISPs in India are Vodafone, Bharat Sanchar
Nigam Limited [BSNL], Mobile TeleSystems India[MTS
India], Idea cellular, Aircel, Airtel and Reliance
communications.

13. Types Of Internet connections
Internet connections are of two types:-
• Wired connections
• Wireless Connections

14. Wired connections
In a wired connections, Data is transmitted through
wires or cables:-
• Dial-up
• ISDN
• Broadband Services
• Wired Broadband

15. Wireless Connections
The internet connections in wireless connections is established
without the use of wires. Its various types are:-
• Satellite Service
• Wireless Broadband
• Wireless-Fidelity [Wi-Fi]
• WiMax
• Wireless Mobile Broadband
• 3G- The third Generation
• 4G- The Fourth Generation

16. Software
Once you have the necessary to access the internet,
you need to ensure that some basic software
programmes are installed in the computer for internet
access and communication through it.

17. Internet –Related terminology
Some important terms:-
• World Wide Web:-It is an information system of interlinked
hypertext documents that are accessed via the internet.
• Webpage:-A webpage is an electronic document in the
computer language Hypertext Markup Language [HTML]
• Website:- A website is a collection of one or more related
webpages, images, videos, and other digital assets hosted on
a web server.
• Home Page:-The first page of a website is called a homepage
• Web Server:-It’s a computer program that serves that serves
the requested pages or files.

18. Web Browser
A web Browser is a programme that enables a user to
access an d interact with the text, images and sound and
other information located on the webpage of a website on
the world wide web. Some of the commonly used web
browsers are:-
• Google chrome Opera
• Mozilla Firefox Netscape Navigator
• Apple Safari Internet explorer

19. How the Web Works
The Web consists of a personal computer, the web browser
software, a connection to the ISP, servers that host digital Data,
and routers and switches to direct the flow of information. The
glue that binds the web is the hypertext and hyperlink.
• Hypertext Transfer Protocol [HTTP]:- It is a communication
protocol used to transfer all kinds information [texts, images,
sound, video and other multimedia files] on the web.
• Hypertext Markup Language:- The information on the website
is coded by using the Hypertext Markup Language [HTML].

20. Web Address
The Internet has millions of computers connected to it.
In order to communicate, every computer connected to
the internet has unique address format is defined by
the internet protocol [IP] addressing system. It uses two
methods for identifying computers:-
• Letter Addressing System
• Number Addressing System

21. Network Classes
• The first Step in the IP Addressing is to determine
which network class is appropriate for your network.
• The Second Step is to obtain a network number from
the internet Corporation for Assigned Names and
Numbers [ICANN]

22. Uniform Resource Locator [URL]
Uniform Resource Locator [URL] is the method by
which a document or data is addressed on the web.
Just like every computer/Network has a unique
address, every entity in the web has a unique URL to
help trace it.

23. Done By…….
Anamika K Rajesh
Adithya Sudesh
Upashna
R. Harini
X.A