This document discusses various types and causes of water pollution. It outlines how pollution occurs when chemicals, sewage, and fertilizers are discharged into waterways without treatment. The main types are surface water pollution found in oceans, rivers and lakes, and groundwater pollution found in aquifers. Causes include industrial waste, sewage, acid rain, oil spills, and aquatic plants that absorb nutrients. Water pollution has serious negative effects on the environment, human health, and animals. It is important to take steps such as wastewater treatment, reducing plastic and conserving water to prevent further water pollution.

1. PREPARED BY:
PANKAJPATEL
C
WATER
POLLUTION

2. INDEX
INTRODUCTION
TYPES AND DIFFERENT CAUSES OF WATER POLLUTION
LAKE POLLUTION AND RIVER POLLUTION
GROUNDWATER POLLUTION
EFFECT OF OIL ON OCEAN LIFE
EFFECT OF WATER POLLUTION
I. EFFECT ON ENVIRONMENT
II. EFFECT ON HUMAN
III. EFFECT ON ANIMALS
SOLUTIONS AND WHAT YOU CAN DO

3. INTRODUCTION
Water is a precious resource and without it life is not possible on earth.
Water is getting polluted day by day due to excessive and careless use so the percent of available
drinking water is reducing.
There are many ways which causes water pollution and the effects of it are very harmful for all living
and nonliving objects.

4. HOW DOES WATER POLLUTION OCCUR?
water pollution occur when a lot of chemicals , sewage and fertilizers are dropped and if it is not treated
before being discharged into waterways , serious pollution is the result.

5. TYPES
◦ SURFACE WATER POLLUTION
> FOUND ON THE EXTERIOROF THE EARTH’S CRUST,OCEANS,RIVERS AND LAKES.
GROUND WATER POLLUTION
> FOUND IN SOIL OR UNDER ROCK STRUCTURE OR AQUIFERS.

6. TYPES
MICROBIOLOGICAL POLLUTION
>Microorganisms that thrives on water and fishes that can cause illness to land animals and
humans.
OXYGEN DEPLETION POLLUTION
>Microorganisms that in water and feeds on biodegradable substance.

7. DIFFERENT CAUSES
OF WATER
POLLUTION
Marine dumping.
Acid rain.
Industrial waste.
Sewage system.
Mainly from households.

8. DIFFERENT
CAUSES OF
WATER
POLLUTION
Nuclear waste.
Oil pollution.
Underground storage leaks.

9. Causes of water pollution[Acid Rain]

10. Causes of water pollution[Aquatic plants]
•Water hyacinth , an aquatic plant causes pollution in water.
•It is long leaved plant which grows faster in water bodies and absorbs all essential nutrients from
water which is fetal for marine organisms.
•It is also known as ‘Terror of Bengal’ due to its abundance.

11. LAKE POLLUTION
 Water abstraction point.
 Religion bathing.
 Vicinity of significant outfall.
 Recreational purpose.

12. RIVER POLLUTION
Large/medium polluting industries.
Religion bathing.
Source of river – pristine quality.
Filling up long distance between existing stations.
Low flow stretches.

13. EFFECT OF OIL ON OCEAN LIFE
Crude and refined petroleum
Tanker accidents and blowouts
Volatile hydrocarbons kill larvae
Oil destroys insulation and buoyancy
Slow recovery
Limited effectiveness of clean up methods

14. GROUNDWATER POLLUTION:CAUSES AND PERSISTENCE
Source of groundwater pollution.
Slow flowing : slow dilution and dispersion.
Consequence of lower dissolved oxygen.
Fewer bacteria to decompose waste.
Cooler temperatures : slow down chemical reactions.
“Degradable” and “Non-Degradable” wastes in groundwater.

15. [ Groundwater pollution ]

16. EFFECTS OF WATER POLLUTION
Effect on environment.
Effect on human.
Effect on animals.

17. EFFECTS ON
ENVIRONMENT
 Toxic waste
 Thermal heating
 Our source of water

18. TOXIC WASTE
 Waste is considered toxic if it is poisonous, radioactive, explosive, carcinogenic (causing
cancer), mutagenic (causing damage to chromosomes), teratogenic (causing birth defects), or
bio-accumulative (that is, increasing in concentration at the higher ends of food chains).
 Sources of toxic chemicals include improperly disposed wastewater from industrial plants and
chemical process facilities (lead, mercury, chromium) as well as surface runoff containing
pesticides used on agricultural areas and suburban lawns (chlordane, dieldrin, heptachlor).

19. THERMAL HEATING
Heat is considered to be a water pollutant because it decreases the capacity of water to hold
dissolved oxygen in solution, and it increases the rate of metabolism of fish. Valuable species of game
fish (e.g., trout) cannot survive in water with very low levels of dissolved oxygen. A major source of
heat is the practice of discharging cooling water from power plants into rivers; the discharged water
may be as much as 15 °C (27 °F) warmer than the naturally occurring water.

20. EFFECT ON
HUMANS
Diseases caused by :
 drinking contaminated water
 Swimming in polluted water
 Contact with chemically polluted water

21. EFFECTS ON
ANIMALS
 200 turtles in Australia’s surround waters die each years.
 Birds and mammals become coated with oil

22. PREVENTION[water pollution]
Prevent groundwater pollution contamination
Wastewater treatment
Green agriculture
Stormwater management
Air pollution prevention
Plastic waste reduction
Water conservation

23. WHAT YOU CAN DO…

24.  Turn off running water

25. > PARTICIPATE IN A CLEAN UP
> SPREAD AWARENESS

26.  JOIN A SPECIAL SOCIETY DEVOTED TO THE
PREVENTION OF WATER POLLUTION.

27. THANKYOU