Water pollution occurs when contaminants are introduced into water bodies, making the water unsuitable for its intended use. There are two main sources of water pollution: point source pollution which enters water bodies from identifiable sources like pipes, and non-point pollution which enters diffusely from sources like surface runoff. Various human activities like industrial waste, urban development, agriculture, and accidents cause water pollution. Effects of water pollution include destruction of ecosystems, death of aquatic animals, and diseases in humans. Preventive measures include reducing dumping of household and industrial wastes, recycling and reusing water.

2. "Everything originated in the
water
Everything is sustained by
water"

3. Water Pollution can
be defined as
alteration in
physical, chemical,
or biological
characteristics of
water through
natural or human
activities and
making it unsuitable
for its designated
use.

5. MARCH 22

6. There are various classifications of
water pollution. The two chief
sources of water pollution can be
seen as Point and Non-Point.

7. Point source pollution is defined as emissions that enter
water bodies from an easy to identify single source ,such as
a pipe from a factory or the out fills from a sewage works
...etc
Non-point pollution,in contrast ,enters water bodies in a
diffuse manner ,such as surface run-off from farmers
fields or from forests ,or as pollution seeping into ground
water acquifers...etc

8. CAUSES OF WATER POLLUTION
Industrial waste is the
waste produced by
industrial activity
which includes any
material that is
rendered useless
during a
manufacturing
process such as that
of factories,

9. Ocean dumping is
the deliberate
disposal of
hazardous wastes at
sea from vessels,
aircraft, platforms
or other human—
made structures. It
includes ocean
incineration and
disposal into the
seabed and sub-
seabed.

10. Oil spill pose a
huge concern as
large amount of oil
enters into the sea
and does not
dissolve with
water; there by
opens problem for
local marine
wildlife such as
fish, birds and sea
ACCIDENTAL OIL LEAKAGE
Oil is more harmful to the
ocean's ecosystem than
waste and trash

11. Urban development:
Population has grown, so
has the demand for
housing, food and cloth.
As more cities and towns
are developed, they have
resulted in increase use
of fertilizers to produce,
increase in construction
activities, inadequate
sewer collection and
treatment, landfills as
more garbage is
produced, increase in

12. AGRICULTURE AS A WATER
POLLUTER
In many countries the
biggest source of water
pollution today is
agriculture — not cities
or industry — while
worldwide, the most
common chemical
contaminant found in
groundwater aquifers is
nitrate from farming.
Water pollution from
unsustainable
agricultural practices
poses a serious risk to
human health and the{www.unwater.org}

13. EFFECTS OF WATER
POLLUTION
Pollution disrupts
the natural food
chain as well.
Pollutants such as
lead and cadmium
are eaten by tiny
animals. Later, these
animals are
consumed by fish
and shellfish, and
the food chain
continues to be
disrupted at all
higher levels.

14. Destruction of ecosystems :Ecosystems (the interaction of living things
in a place, depending on each other for life) can be severely changed
or destroyed by water pollution. Many areas are now being affected
by careless human pollution, and this pollution is coming back to hurt
humans in many ways.
Death of aquatic (water) animals: The main problem caused by water
pollution is that it kills organisms that depend on these water bodies.
Dead fish, crabs, birds and sea gulls, dolphins, and many other animals
..

15. • Destruction of ecosystems :Ecosystems (the interaction of
living things in a place, depending on each other for life)
can be severely changed or destroyed by water pollution.
Many areas are now being affected by careless human
pollution, and this pollution is coming back to hurt humans
in many ways.
• Death of aquatic (water) animals: The main problem
caused by water pollution is that it kills organisms that
depend on these water bodies. Dead fish, crabs, birds and
sea gulls, dolphins, and many other animals ..

16. Eventually, humans are affected by this process as well.
People can get diseases such as hepatitis by eating seafood
that has been poisoned. In many poor nations, there is
always outbreak of cholera and diseases as a result of poor
drinking water treatment from contaminated waters.
DISEASES

17. MINAMATA DISEASE

18. Minamata disease was first discovered
in Minamata city in Kumamoto
prefecture, Japan, in 1956. It was
caused by the release of
methylmercury in the industrial
wastewater from the Chisso
Corporation's chemical factory, which
continued from 1932 to 1968.

19. ITAI ITAI DISEASE
Cadmium (Cd) from a
zinc mine polluted
Jinzu River basin,
Toyama prefecture
and produced a
disease with severe
bone pain (Itai-itai
disease), from the
early part of the 20th
century in Japan.

20. WATER POLLUTION IN INDIA
Water pollution in India has a wide range of
causes, ranging from pesticide runoff due to its
usage in agriculture,untreated sewage,heavy
metal contamination caused by irresponsible
factories and mines, traditional occupations such
as dhobis or washermen who use rivers to wash
clothes, religious practices such as the burning of
corpses in the Ganges River, sewage
contamination attributed to a shortage of
wastewater treatment plants, and underlying
policies and government action that sometimes
let pollution happen through loose enforcement

21. Source: Environmental Pollution,Timmy Katyal and M.Satake,p.75

22. PREVENTIVE MEASURES /CONTROL OF WATER POLLUTION
*Decrease of dumping of house hold wastes into
water.
*Finding an alternative for reducing insustrial
wastes.
*Using different types of chemical methods like ION
EXCHANGE ,REVERSE OSMOSIS to recycle the waste
water produced by different means.
*Recycling ,renovtion , recharge and reuse of water
leads to reduction of water pollution

23. THANK YOU