Improper disposal of municipal solid waste can create unsanitary conditions, and these conditions in turn can lead to pollution of the environment and to outbreaks of vector-borne disease.The tasks of solid-waste management present complex technical challenges. They also pose a wide variety of administrative, economic, and social problems that must be managed and solved.Here we discuss about different types of solid waste and its effective management.
Improper disposal of municipal solid waste can create unsanitary conditions, and these conditions in turn can lead to pollution of the environment and to outbreaks of vector-borne disease.The tasks of solid-waste management present complex technical challenges. They also pose a wide variety of administrative, economic, and social problems that must be managed and solved.Here we discuss about different types of solid waste and its effective management.
Solid waste management is a term that is used to refer to the process of collecting and treating solid wastes. It also offers solutions for recycling items that do not belong to garbage or trash. As long as people have been living in settlements and residential areas, garbage or solid waste has been an issue.
Solid waste management is a term that is used to refer to the process of collecting and treating solid wastes. It also offers solutions for recycling items that do not belong to garbage or trash. As long as people have been living in settlements and residential areas, garbage or solid waste has been an issue.
Artificial Reefs by Kuddle Life Foundation - May 2024punit537210
Situated in Pondicherry, India, Kuddle Life Foundation is a charitable, non-profit and non-governmental organization (NGO) dedicated to improving the living standards of coastal communities and simultaneously placing a strong emphasis on the protection of marine ecosystems.
One of the key areas we work in is Artificial Reefs. This presentation captures our journey so far and our learnings. We hope you get as excited about marine conservation and artificial reefs as we are.
Please visit our website: https://kuddlelife.org
Our Instagram channel:
@kuddlelifefoundation
Our Linkedin Page:
https://www.linkedin.com/company/kuddlelifefoundation/
and write to us if you have any questions:
info@kuddlelife.org
UNDERSTANDING WHAT GREEN WASHING IS!.pdfJulietMogola
Many companies today use green washing to lure the public into thinking they are conserving the environment but in real sense they are doing more harm. There have been such several cases from very big companies here in Kenya and also globally. This ranges from various sectors from manufacturing and goes to consumer products. Educating people on greenwashing will enable people to make better choices based on their analysis and not on what they see on marketing sites.
"Understanding the Carbon Cycle: Processes, Human Impacts, and Strategies for...MMariSelvam4
The carbon cycle is a critical component of Earth's environmental system, governing the movement and transformation of carbon through various reservoirs, including the atmosphere, oceans, soil, and living organisms. This complex cycle involves several key processes such as photosynthesis, respiration, decomposition, and carbon sequestration, each contributing to the regulation of carbon levels on the planet.
Human activities, particularly fossil fuel combustion and deforestation, have significantly altered the natural carbon cycle, leading to increased atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations and driving climate change. Understanding the intricacies of the carbon cycle is essential for assessing the impacts of these changes and developing effective mitigation strategies.
By studying the carbon cycle, scientists can identify carbon sources and sinks, measure carbon fluxes, and predict future trends. This knowledge is crucial for crafting policies aimed at reducing carbon emissions, enhancing carbon storage, and promoting sustainable practices. The carbon cycle's interplay with climate systems, ecosystems, and human activities underscores its importance in maintaining a stable and healthy planet.
In-depth exploration of the carbon cycle reveals the delicate balance required to sustain life and the urgent need to address anthropogenic influences. Through research, education, and policy, we can work towards restoring equilibrium in the carbon cycle and ensuring a sustainable future for generations to come.
WRI’s brand new “Food Service Playbook for Promoting Sustainable Food Choices” gives food service operators the very latest strategies for creating dining environments that empower consumers to choose sustainable, plant-rich dishes. This research builds off our first guide for food service, now with industry experience and insights from nearly 350 academic trials.
Characterization and the Kinetics of drying at the drying oven and with micro...Open Access Research Paper
The objective of this work is to contribute to valorization de Nephelium lappaceum by the characterization of kinetics of drying of seeds of Nephelium lappaceum. The seeds were dehydrated until a constant mass respectively in a drying oven and a microwawe oven. The temperatures and the powers of drying are respectively: 50, 60 and 70°C and 140, 280 and 420 W. The results show that the curves of drying of seeds of Nephelium lappaceum do not present a phase of constant kinetics. The coefficients of diffusion vary between 2.09.10-8 to 2.98. 10-8m-2/s in the interval of 50°C at 70°C and between 4.83×10-07 at 9.04×10-07 m-8/s for the powers going of 140 W with 420 W the relation between Arrhenius and a value of energy of activation of 16.49 kJ. mol-1 expressed the effect of the temperature on effective diffusivity.
Micro RNA genes and their likely influence in rice (Oryza sativa L.) dynamic ...Open Access Research Paper
Micro RNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs molecules having approximately 18-25 nucleotides, they are present in both plants and animals genomes. MiRNAs have diverse spatial expression patterns and regulate various developmental metabolisms, stress responses and other physiological processes. The dynamic gene expression playing major roles in phenotypic differences in organisms are believed to be controlled by miRNAs. Mutations in regions of regulatory factors, such as miRNA genes or transcription factors (TF) necessitated by dynamic environmental factors or pathogen infections, have tremendous effects on structure and expression of genes. The resultant novel gene products presents potential explanations for constant evolving desirable traits that have long been bred using conventional means, biotechnology or genetic engineering. Rice grain quality, yield, disease tolerance, climate-resilience and palatability properties are not exceptional to miRN Asmutations effects. There are new insights courtesy of high-throughput sequencing and improved proteomic techniques that organisms’ complexity and adaptations are highly contributed by miRNAs containing regulatory networks. This article aims to expound on how rice miRNAs could be driving evolution of traits and highlight the latest miRNA research progress. Moreover, the review accentuates miRNAs grey areas to be addressed and gives recommendations for further studies.
Diabetes is a rapidly and serious health problem in Pakistan. This chronic condition is associated with serious long-term complications, including higher risk of heart disease and stroke. Aggressive treatment of hypertension and hyperlipideamia can result in a substantial reduction in cardiovascular events in patients with diabetes 1. Consequently pharmacist-led diabetes cardiovascular risk (DCVR) clinics have been established in both primary and secondary care sites in NHS Lothian during the past five years. An audit of the pharmaceutical care delivery at the clinics was conducted in order to evaluate practice and to standardize the pharmacists’ documentation of outcomes. Pharmaceutical care issues (PCI) and patient details were collected both prospectively and retrospectively from three DCVR clinics. The PCI`s were categorized according to a triangularised system consisting of multiple categories. These were ‘checks’, ‘changes’ (‘change in drug therapy process’ and ‘change in drug therapy’), ‘drug therapy problems’ and ‘quality assurance descriptors’ (‘timer perspective’ and ‘degree of change’). A verified medication assessment tool (MAT) for patients with chronic cardiovascular disease was applied to the patients from one of the clinics. The tool was used to quantify PCI`s and pharmacist actions that were centered on implementing or enforcing clinical guideline standards. A database was developed to be used as an assessment tool and to standardize the documentation of achievement of outcomes. Feedback on the audit of the pharmaceutical care delivery and the database was received from the DCVR clinic pharmacist at a focus group meeting.
Natural farming @ Dr. Siddhartha S. Jena.pptxsidjena70
A brief about organic farming/ Natural farming/ Zero budget natural farming/ Subash Palekar Natural farming which keeps us and environment safe and healthy. Next gen Agricultural practices of chemical free farming.
2. DEFINITION
• Waste management (or waste disposal) includes the activities and actions
required to manage waste from its inception to its final disposal.This includes
the collection, transport, treatment and disposal of waste, together with monitoring
and regulation of the waste management process.
3. • Waste can be solid, liquid, or gas and each type has different methods of disposal
and management. Waste management deals with all types of waste, including
industrial, biological and household. In some cases, waste can pose a threat to
human health. Waste is produced by human activity, for example, the extraction and
processing of raw materials. Waste management is intended to reduce adverse
effects of waste on human health, the environment or aesthetics.
6. WASTE HIERARCHY
• The waste hierarchy refers to the "3 Rs" Reduce, Reuse and Recycle, which classifies waste
management strategies according to their desirability in terms of waste minimisation. The
waste hierarchy is the cornerstone of most waste minimisation strategies. The aim of the
waste hierarchy is to extract the maximum practical benefits from products and to generate
the minimum amount of end waste; see: resource recovery. The waste hierarchy is
represented as a pyramid because the basic premise is that policies should promote
measures to prevent the generation of waste. The next step or preferred action is to seek
alternative uses for the waste that has been generated i.e. by re-use. The next is recycling
which includes composting. Following this step is material recovery and waste-to-energy.
The final action is disposal, in landfills or through incineration without energy recovery. This
last step is the final resort for waste which has not been prevented, diverted or
recovered.The waste hierarchy represents the progression of a product or material through
the sequential stages of the pyramid of waste management. The hierarchy represents the
latter parts of the life-cycle for each product.
7.
8. WASTE HANDLING PRACTICES
• Curbside collection is the most common method of disposal in most European
countries, Canada, New Zealand, United States, and many other parts of the
developed world in which waste is collected at regular intervals by specialised
trucks. This is often associated with curb-side waste segregation. In rural areas
waste may need to be taken to a transfer station. Waste collected is then
transported to an appropriate disposal facility. In some areas, vacuum collection is
used in which waste is transported from the home or commercial premises by
vacuum along small bore tubes. Systems are in use in Europe and North America.
9. In some jurisdictions unsegregated waste is collected at the curb-side or from waste transfer
stations and then sorted into recyclables and unusable waste. Such systems are capable of
sorting large volumes of solid waste, salvaging recyclables, and turning the rest into bio-gas
and soil conditioner. In San Francisco, the local government established its Mandatory
Recycling and Composting Ordinance in support of its goal of "Zero waste by 2020", requiring
everyone in the city to keep recyclables and compostables out of the landfill. The three
streams are collected with the curbside "Fantastic 3" bin system – blue for recyclables, green
for compostables, and black for landfill-bound materials – provided to residents and
businesses and serviced by San Francisco's sole refuse hauler, Recology. The City's "Pay-As-
You-Throw" system charges customers by the volume of landfill-bound materials, which
provides a financial incentive to separate recyclables and compostables from other discards.
The City's Department of the Environment's Zero Waste Program has led the City to achieve
80% diversion, the highest diversion rate in North America.[16] Other businesses such
as Waste Industries use a variety of colors to distinguish between trash and recycling cans.
12. LANDFILL
• A landfill, also called sanitary landfill, is a land disposal site for waste, which is designed to
protect from environmental pollution and health risks. It is not the same as an open dump.
Landfills are built to concentrate the waste in compacted layers to reduce the volume and
monitored for the control of liquid and gaseous effluent in order to protect the environment
and human health.
• Besides municipal solid waste, faecal sludge can also be discharged into landfills. Well-
constructed and maintained landfills are safer than open dumping sites, but even the best
sanitary landfill will fill up and, after many years, probably start to leak. Therefore only waste,
which cannot be reused further should be disposed of in landfills. To solve current waste
problems, prevention of waste in the first place remains a priority. Separation of different
types of wastes and reuse is much more sustainable. For instance, the disposal of faecal
sludge should only be considered, if there is no need and market for soil conditioner/
fertiliser (see also composting large-scale and small scale, fertiliser from
sludge, anaerobic digestion and use of compost).
13.
14. INCINERATION
• Incineration is a waste treatment process that involves
the combustion of organic substances contained in waste materials.[1] Incineration
and other high-temperature waste treatment systems are described as "thermal
treatment". Incineration of waste materials converts the waste into ash, flue gas and
heat. The ash is mostly formed by the inorganic constituents of the waste and may
take the form of solid lumps or particulates carried by the flue gas. The flue gases
must be cleaned of gaseous and particulate pollutants before they are dispersed
into the atmosphere. In some cases, the heat that is generated by incineration can
be used to generate electric power.
15.
16. RECYCLING
• The common waste materials which have the potential to be reused can
be recycled as raw materials, can reduce energy consumption, reduce pollution,
reduce further pollution of water and landfills; reducing the need for waste
disposal. Recycling is processing used materials (waste) into new, useful
products.
17.
18. REUSE
• Reuse is the second preferred waste management option after waste reduction.
Society has long embraced the practice of reuse by finding alternate uses for an
item rather than disposing or recycling it. ... Some common examples include
donating used household items like books, magazines, clothing, kitchen wares, etc.