Introgression breeding for rice submergence tolerance_geetanjaliDr. Geetanjali Baruah
Simplified way of applicability of introgression breeding for submergence tolerance in rice with special emphasis on physiology of submergence tolerance
This document summarizes rice research from the GCP General Research Meeting in September 2013. It outlines rice products in development, including genomic resources, germplasm, and markers for molecular breeding. 59 total products are cataloged across categories like improved varieties, genetic stocks, and drought/salinity tolerance QTLs. Ongoing work was discussed to complete the product catalogue, provide detailed descriptions, and ensure sustainable access. Data management strategies and timelines for forthcoming datasets from projects were reviewed. Prospects for ongoing projects through 2014 and potential future support were examined, along with homework around further documenting products and outlining financial or institutional support needs.
Revitalizing Marginal Lands: Discovery of Genes for Tolerance of Saline and P-Deficient Soils to Enhance and Sustain Productivity
Ismael Abdelbagi, IRRI
GCP Project G3005.02: Progress and expected impacts of Saltol and Pup1 QTLs on rice improvement
6th Asian Crop Science Association Conference and the 2nd International Conference on Rice for the Future, organised by BioAsia in Bangkok, Thailand
November 2007
The document describes research using the ORYZA rice model to evaluate irrigation management strategies that optimize rice production in salt-affected areas of Bangladesh. The model was calibrated and validated using field experiments with different irrigation water quality treatments. Model results showed that alternating between fresh and saline water irrigation every 2 weeks maintained soil salinity similar to fresh water and led to higher yields than saline water alone. The model accurately simulated the effects of salinity on rice biomass and yield. Overall, the research identified irrigation strategies to improve rice productivity in salt-affected soils using a validated rice model.
This document summarizes genetic and genomic resources for potato and sweet potato. It describes 22,000 ESTs and 1,500 gene sequences that have been generated for sweet potato. A composite genotype set of 480 sweet potato accessions has been established representing biodiversity and traits like high beta-carotene, starch, and resistance to nematodes, viruses and drought. The document also discusses drought tolerance research in potato, identifying physiological traits in tolerant varieties and developing a candidate gene list and markers for breeding.
Effect of salinity on seedling growth in early vegetative phase of riceSohel Rana
The aim of this investigation was to analyze genotypic variations of salt tolerance of rice varieties at germination and seedling growth of early vegetative phase of rice.
Introgression breeding for rice submergence tolerance_geetanjaliDr. Geetanjali Baruah
Simplified way of applicability of introgression breeding for submergence tolerance in rice with special emphasis on physiology of submergence tolerance
This document summarizes rice research from the GCP General Research Meeting in September 2013. It outlines rice products in development, including genomic resources, germplasm, and markers for molecular breeding. 59 total products are cataloged across categories like improved varieties, genetic stocks, and drought/salinity tolerance QTLs. Ongoing work was discussed to complete the product catalogue, provide detailed descriptions, and ensure sustainable access. Data management strategies and timelines for forthcoming datasets from projects were reviewed. Prospects for ongoing projects through 2014 and potential future support were examined, along with homework around further documenting products and outlining financial or institutional support needs.
Revitalizing Marginal Lands: Discovery of Genes for Tolerance of Saline and P-Deficient Soils to Enhance and Sustain Productivity
Ismael Abdelbagi, IRRI
GCP Project G3005.02: Progress and expected impacts of Saltol and Pup1 QTLs on rice improvement
6th Asian Crop Science Association Conference and the 2nd International Conference on Rice for the Future, organised by BioAsia in Bangkok, Thailand
November 2007
The document describes research using the ORYZA rice model to evaluate irrigation management strategies that optimize rice production in salt-affected areas of Bangladesh. The model was calibrated and validated using field experiments with different irrigation water quality treatments. Model results showed that alternating between fresh and saline water irrigation every 2 weeks maintained soil salinity similar to fresh water and led to higher yields than saline water alone. The model accurately simulated the effects of salinity on rice biomass and yield. Overall, the research identified irrigation strategies to improve rice productivity in salt-affected soils using a validated rice model.
This document summarizes genetic and genomic resources for potato and sweet potato. It describes 22,000 ESTs and 1,500 gene sequences that have been generated for sweet potato. A composite genotype set of 480 sweet potato accessions has been established representing biodiversity and traits like high beta-carotene, starch, and resistance to nematodes, viruses and drought. The document also discusses drought tolerance research in potato, identifying physiological traits in tolerant varieties and developing a candidate gene list and markers for breeding.
Effect of salinity on seedling growth in early vegetative phase of riceSohel Rana
The aim of this investigation was to analyze genotypic variations of salt tolerance of rice varieties at germination and seedling growth of early vegetative phase of rice.
This document outlines research conducted on identifying major quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for grain yield under drought stress in rice. Fourteen QTLs were identified that showed effects in different genetic backgrounds and ecosystems. Marker-assisted backcrossing was used to introgress QTLs into popular rice varieties like Swarna, IR64, Sambha Mahsuri, and Vandna. Introgression lines of IR64 and Vandna containing QTLs showed yield increases of up to 155% compared to the original varieties under drought conditions in India, Nepal, and Bangladesh. The research aims to develop and disseminate drought-tolerant rice varieties with these QTLs to increase yields for farmers.
Presentation by Rona Azucena on behalf of Dr. Abdelbagi M. Ismail (International Rice Research Institute) at the Global Forum for Innovations in Agriculture (GFIA), February 4, 2014
This document summarizes the status of different MAGIC (Multi-parent Advanced Generation Inter-Cross) rice populations including Indica MAGIC, Japonica MAGIC, MAGIC Global, and MAGIC Plus. It discusses genome-wide association studies conducted on these populations that have identified loci associated with traits like submergence tolerance, amylose content, and disease resistance. Multi-environment trials of different MAGIC populations are ongoing in several countries. The document outlines future work including continued phenotyping, quantitative trait loci mapping, and distribution of MAGIC lines to breeding programs.
1) Marker assisted breeding is being used at IRRI to introgress major effect drought tolerance QTLs from donors into popular rice varieties like IR64 and Swarna.
2) Several introgression lines have been developed that contain up to 4 drought tolerance QTLs and yield well under drought with grain quality similar to the recipient parent.
3) The protocol for pyramiding QTLs involves foreground and background selection across multiple generations followed by phenotyping of selected lines.
This seminar discussed molecular studies and breeding approaches for developing salt tolerance in rice. Salt tolerance is polygenic and several genes for tolerance have been identified. The seminar covered definitions of saline and sodic soils, objectives of developing salt tolerance, physiological and morphological effects of salt stress, conventional and molecular breeding methods used, and progress made in identifying quantitative trait loci and genes related to tolerance. Marker-assisted selection and genetic transformation techniques are being used in molecular breeding to develop elite salt tolerant rice varieties for release.
R.K. Singh .Breeding for salt tolerance in riceFOODCROPS
The document outlines a lecture on breeding for salt tolerance in rice. It discusses the extent of salt-affected soils globally and in Asia. It describes different types of salt stresses and complexities in breeding for tolerance. The key mechanisms of salt tolerance in plants include ion exclusion, tissue tolerance, and compartmentalization. Screening techniques are described for evaluating tolerance at seedling and adult plant stages. Breeding strategies aim to pyramid tolerance mechanisms by intermating donors with different predominant mechanisms.
Development of First Multiparent Advanced Generation Inter-cross (MAGIC) Popu...ICRISAT
Pigeonpea is an important legume crop and molecular breeding can help improve it faster than conventional methods. Researchers are developing a multiparent advanced generation inter-cross (MAGIC) population for pigeonpea using 8 parental lines. As a first step, 28 two-way crosses were made between parental lines. Whole genome resequencing of parental lines is underway to identify SNPs for mapping traits in the MAGIC population, which will be generated through eight-way crosses and advanced by selfing.
MAGIC :Multiparent advanced generation intercross and QTL discovery Senthil Natesan
MAGIC or multiparent advanced generation inter-crosses is an experimental method that increases the precision with which genetic markers are linked to quantitative trait loci (QTL). This method was first introduced by (Mott et al., 2000) in animals as an extension of the advanced intercrossing (AIC) approach suggested by (Darvasi and Soller , 1995)for fine mapping multiple QTLs for multiple traits. Advanced Intercrossed Lines (AILs) are generated by randomly and sequentially intercrossing a population initially originating from a cross between two inbred lines.
MAGIC involves multiple parents, called founder lines, rather than bi-parental control. AILs increase the recombination events in small chromosomal regions for the purpose of fine mapping. These lines are then cycled through multiple generations of outcrossing. Each generation of random mating reduces the extent of linkage disequilibrium (LD), allowing the QTL to be mapped more accurately.
Drought molecular breeding in rice, 19 november, 2012 swamyarjunmanju
This document discusses mapping and transferring QTLs for drought tolerance in rice. It begins by providing context on rice production, noting that 45% of rice is grown in rainfed areas with lower productivity. It then discusses strategies for developing drought tolerant rice varieties through conventional breeding and molecular approaches. Key points include using improved lines as donors, direct selection for grain yield under drought, identifying major drought yield QTLs, and introgressing QTLs into improved varieties. Several major effect QTLs for grain yield under drought are identified, including DTY1.1, DTY3.1, and DTY12.1. The consistency of these QTLs across backgrounds, ecosystems, and environments is discussed. The document
Salinity tolerance and breeding strategies on soybeanBishnu Adhikari
This document provides an overview of salinity tolerance and breeding strategies for soybeans. It discusses the physiological effects of salt stress on crops, outlines important salt tolerance genes that have been mapped in soybean, and describes the salinity conditions in South Korea where soybean breeding is focused. The document then details breeding strategies used for developing salt tolerant soybean varieties, including conventional breeding methods like hybridization, backcrossing, and multi-location trials, as well as molecular breeding techniques like marker-assisted selection. The goal is to develop soybean varieties that can be grown successfully on reclaimed tidal lands in South Korea affected by soil salinity.
MARKER-ASSISTED BREEDING FOR RICE IMPROVEMENTFOODCROPS
This document discusses marker-assisted breeding for rice improvement. It begins with an outline of the topics to be covered, which include the theory and practice of marker-assisted selection, marker-assisted breeding schemes, and a case study of marker-assisted backcrossing done at IRRI. The first section defines marker-assisted selection and describes its advantages over phenotypic selection, such as earlier selection and greater reliability. Subsequent sections discuss specific marker-assisted breeding schemes like backcrossing, pyramiding traits, and early generation selection. The document concludes with details of IRRI's case study using markers to backcross a submergence tolerance gene into popular rice varieties.
During the Bayer CropScience Annual Press Conference on September 17 2014, CEO Liam Condon provided journalists from all over the world with a perspective on global trends in the agricultural markets, and reported on the company’s business and financial performance.
Salinity is a common stress factor in agricultural areas that causes osmotic stress and reduces plant growth and crop productivity. The document examines the effect of different sodium chloride (NaCl) salt concentrations on germination and morphological attributes of maize. Laboratory experiments showed that higher salt concentrations (150mM - 250mM) significantly decreased germination rates and attributes like root and shoot length, mass, and number of leaves compared to the control. Similar inhibitory effects were observed in pot culture experiments. The study concludes that the maize variety tested is sensitive to NaCl salinity.
1. Plants have developed three main adaptations to salinity stress: osmotic stress tolerance, sodium exclusion from leaves, and tissue tolerance to accumulated sodium and chloride in leaves.
2. Mechanisms of salinity tolerance include compartmentalization of ions, osmotic adjustment through compatible solutes, and exclusion of sodium from leaves.
3. Breeding efforts have developed salt tolerant varieties of crops like rice, wheat, mustard, and chickpeas through marker-assisted selection and identifying favorable quantitative trait loci.
Drought stress Effects and Breeding StrategiesDr. Nimit Kumar
The document discusses the effects of drought stress on plants and breeding strategies to improve drought tolerance. It describes how drought stress reduces growth, photosynthesis, protein content, and nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium uptake in plants. Drought stress also decreases chlorophyll content, total soluble sugars and carbohydrates. The document outlines different strategies plants use to cope with drought, including drought escape, dehydration avoidance, and dehydration tolerance. It emphasizes that drought stress is a major abiotic stress that reduces crop yields worldwide and discusses approaches plant breeders use to develop drought tolerant crop varieties.
The document summarizes plant stress responses to both abiotic and biotic stresses. It discusses how plants detect stress signals and trigger responses across multiple levels, from gene expression changes to production of protective proteins and metabolites. Stress responses aim to acclimate the plant and prevent damage through avoidance, tolerance and adaptation mechanisms. Key responses include production of heat shock proteins under heat stress, osmolytes for drought and salt tolerance, and pathogenesis-related proteins and phytoalexins as antimicrobial defenses against pathogens.
SRI on the System of Rice Intensification in Mali -
Presented by Erika Styger, SRI Rice Director of Programs, Cornell University
to the IARD class at Cornell University, November 16, 2012
Major rice ecologies in Ghana include rainfed lowlands, upland, and irrigated systems. Rainfed lowlands are distributed across all regions but upland is concentrated in Volta and Western regions. There are 22 irrigation schemes but only 13 are used for rice. Irrigated ecology yields the highest but all face challenges from abiotic and biotic stresses. Primary processing involves drying, threshing, winnowing and storage while secondary processing includes parboiling and milling. Constraints include poor quality paddy, inefficient equipment and lack of infrastructure. Recent technologies focus on improved handling, packaging, branding and linkages between value chain actors.
On 21 February 2012 CCAFS live streamed the science seminar "How good are current climate models for predicting agricultural impacts in Africa and South Asia?" Featuring Professor Richard Washington and Professor Mark New at Oxford University. See the seminar: http://ccafs.cgiar.org/videostream
المؤتمر الاول لإدارة الازمات و الكوارث و الحد م اخطارها نحو فعالية افضل للحد من اخطار الكوارث
Thursday, April 23, 2009
http://www.eip.gov.eg/crisisCD/Main.htm
This document outlines research conducted on identifying major quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for grain yield under drought stress in rice. Fourteen QTLs were identified that showed effects in different genetic backgrounds and ecosystems. Marker-assisted backcrossing was used to introgress QTLs into popular rice varieties like Swarna, IR64, Sambha Mahsuri, and Vandna. Introgression lines of IR64 and Vandna containing QTLs showed yield increases of up to 155% compared to the original varieties under drought conditions in India, Nepal, and Bangladesh. The research aims to develop and disseminate drought-tolerant rice varieties with these QTLs to increase yields for farmers.
Presentation by Rona Azucena on behalf of Dr. Abdelbagi M. Ismail (International Rice Research Institute) at the Global Forum for Innovations in Agriculture (GFIA), February 4, 2014
This document summarizes the status of different MAGIC (Multi-parent Advanced Generation Inter-Cross) rice populations including Indica MAGIC, Japonica MAGIC, MAGIC Global, and MAGIC Plus. It discusses genome-wide association studies conducted on these populations that have identified loci associated with traits like submergence tolerance, amylose content, and disease resistance. Multi-environment trials of different MAGIC populations are ongoing in several countries. The document outlines future work including continued phenotyping, quantitative trait loci mapping, and distribution of MAGIC lines to breeding programs.
1) Marker assisted breeding is being used at IRRI to introgress major effect drought tolerance QTLs from donors into popular rice varieties like IR64 and Swarna.
2) Several introgression lines have been developed that contain up to 4 drought tolerance QTLs and yield well under drought with grain quality similar to the recipient parent.
3) The protocol for pyramiding QTLs involves foreground and background selection across multiple generations followed by phenotyping of selected lines.
This seminar discussed molecular studies and breeding approaches for developing salt tolerance in rice. Salt tolerance is polygenic and several genes for tolerance have been identified. The seminar covered definitions of saline and sodic soils, objectives of developing salt tolerance, physiological and morphological effects of salt stress, conventional and molecular breeding methods used, and progress made in identifying quantitative trait loci and genes related to tolerance. Marker-assisted selection and genetic transformation techniques are being used in molecular breeding to develop elite salt tolerant rice varieties for release.
R.K. Singh .Breeding for salt tolerance in riceFOODCROPS
The document outlines a lecture on breeding for salt tolerance in rice. It discusses the extent of salt-affected soils globally and in Asia. It describes different types of salt stresses and complexities in breeding for tolerance. The key mechanisms of salt tolerance in plants include ion exclusion, tissue tolerance, and compartmentalization. Screening techniques are described for evaluating tolerance at seedling and adult plant stages. Breeding strategies aim to pyramid tolerance mechanisms by intermating donors with different predominant mechanisms.
Development of First Multiparent Advanced Generation Inter-cross (MAGIC) Popu...ICRISAT
Pigeonpea is an important legume crop and molecular breeding can help improve it faster than conventional methods. Researchers are developing a multiparent advanced generation inter-cross (MAGIC) population for pigeonpea using 8 parental lines. As a first step, 28 two-way crosses were made between parental lines. Whole genome resequencing of parental lines is underway to identify SNPs for mapping traits in the MAGIC population, which will be generated through eight-way crosses and advanced by selfing.
MAGIC :Multiparent advanced generation intercross and QTL discovery Senthil Natesan
MAGIC or multiparent advanced generation inter-crosses is an experimental method that increases the precision with which genetic markers are linked to quantitative trait loci (QTL). This method was first introduced by (Mott et al., 2000) in animals as an extension of the advanced intercrossing (AIC) approach suggested by (Darvasi and Soller , 1995)for fine mapping multiple QTLs for multiple traits. Advanced Intercrossed Lines (AILs) are generated by randomly and sequentially intercrossing a population initially originating from a cross between two inbred lines.
MAGIC involves multiple parents, called founder lines, rather than bi-parental control. AILs increase the recombination events in small chromosomal regions for the purpose of fine mapping. These lines are then cycled through multiple generations of outcrossing. Each generation of random mating reduces the extent of linkage disequilibrium (LD), allowing the QTL to be mapped more accurately.
Drought molecular breeding in rice, 19 november, 2012 swamyarjunmanju
This document discusses mapping and transferring QTLs for drought tolerance in rice. It begins by providing context on rice production, noting that 45% of rice is grown in rainfed areas with lower productivity. It then discusses strategies for developing drought tolerant rice varieties through conventional breeding and molecular approaches. Key points include using improved lines as donors, direct selection for grain yield under drought, identifying major drought yield QTLs, and introgressing QTLs into improved varieties. Several major effect QTLs for grain yield under drought are identified, including DTY1.1, DTY3.1, and DTY12.1. The consistency of these QTLs across backgrounds, ecosystems, and environments is discussed. The document
Salinity tolerance and breeding strategies on soybeanBishnu Adhikari
This document provides an overview of salinity tolerance and breeding strategies for soybeans. It discusses the physiological effects of salt stress on crops, outlines important salt tolerance genes that have been mapped in soybean, and describes the salinity conditions in South Korea where soybean breeding is focused. The document then details breeding strategies used for developing salt tolerant soybean varieties, including conventional breeding methods like hybridization, backcrossing, and multi-location trials, as well as molecular breeding techniques like marker-assisted selection. The goal is to develop soybean varieties that can be grown successfully on reclaimed tidal lands in South Korea affected by soil salinity.
MARKER-ASSISTED BREEDING FOR RICE IMPROVEMENTFOODCROPS
This document discusses marker-assisted breeding for rice improvement. It begins with an outline of the topics to be covered, which include the theory and practice of marker-assisted selection, marker-assisted breeding schemes, and a case study of marker-assisted backcrossing done at IRRI. The first section defines marker-assisted selection and describes its advantages over phenotypic selection, such as earlier selection and greater reliability. Subsequent sections discuss specific marker-assisted breeding schemes like backcrossing, pyramiding traits, and early generation selection. The document concludes with details of IRRI's case study using markers to backcross a submergence tolerance gene into popular rice varieties.
During the Bayer CropScience Annual Press Conference on September 17 2014, CEO Liam Condon provided journalists from all over the world with a perspective on global trends in the agricultural markets, and reported on the company’s business and financial performance.
Salinity is a common stress factor in agricultural areas that causes osmotic stress and reduces plant growth and crop productivity. The document examines the effect of different sodium chloride (NaCl) salt concentrations on germination and morphological attributes of maize. Laboratory experiments showed that higher salt concentrations (150mM - 250mM) significantly decreased germination rates and attributes like root and shoot length, mass, and number of leaves compared to the control. Similar inhibitory effects were observed in pot culture experiments. The study concludes that the maize variety tested is sensitive to NaCl salinity.
1. Plants have developed three main adaptations to salinity stress: osmotic stress tolerance, sodium exclusion from leaves, and tissue tolerance to accumulated sodium and chloride in leaves.
2. Mechanisms of salinity tolerance include compartmentalization of ions, osmotic adjustment through compatible solutes, and exclusion of sodium from leaves.
3. Breeding efforts have developed salt tolerant varieties of crops like rice, wheat, mustard, and chickpeas through marker-assisted selection and identifying favorable quantitative trait loci.
Drought stress Effects and Breeding StrategiesDr. Nimit Kumar
The document discusses the effects of drought stress on plants and breeding strategies to improve drought tolerance. It describes how drought stress reduces growth, photosynthesis, protein content, and nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium uptake in plants. Drought stress also decreases chlorophyll content, total soluble sugars and carbohydrates. The document outlines different strategies plants use to cope with drought, including drought escape, dehydration avoidance, and dehydration tolerance. It emphasizes that drought stress is a major abiotic stress that reduces crop yields worldwide and discusses approaches plant breeders use to develop drought tolerant crop varieties.
The document summarizes plant stress responses to both abiotic and biotic stresses. It discusses how plants detect stress signals and trigger responses across multiple levels, from gene expression changes to production of protective proteins and metabolites. Stress responses aim to acclimate the plant and prevent damage through avoidance, tolerance and adaptation mechanisms. Key responses include production of heat shock proteins under heat stress, osmolytes for drought and salt tolerance, and pathogenesis-related proteins and phytoalexins as antimicrobial defenses against pathogens.
SRI on the System of Rice Intensification in Mali -
Presented by Erika Styger, SRI Rice Director of Programs, Cornell University
to the IARD class at Cornell University, November 16, 2012
Major rice ecologies in Ghana include rainfed lowlands, upland, and irrigated systems. Rainfed lowlands are distributed across all regions but upland is concentrated in Volta and Western regions. There are 22 irrigation schemes but only 13 are used for rice. Irrigated ecology yields the highest but all face challenges from abiotic and biotic stresses. Primary processing involves drying, threshing, winnowing and storage while secondary processing includes parboiling and milling. Constraints include poor quality paddy, inefficient equipment and lack of infrastructure. Recent technologies focus on improved handling, packaging, branding and linkages between value chain actors.
On 21 February 2012 CCAFS live streamed the science seminar "How good are current climate models for predicting agricultural impacts in Africa and South Asia?" Featuring Professor Richard Washington and Professor Mark New at Oxford University. See the seminar: http://ccafs.cgiar.org/videostream
المؤتمر الاول لإدارة الازمات و الكوارث و الحد م اخطارها نحو فعالية افضل للحد من اخطار الكوارث
Thursday, April 23, 2009
http://www.eip.gov.eg/crisisCD/Main.htm
The document discusses the challenges and potential benefits of rehabilitating degraded tropical peat swamp forests. It notes that tropical peatlands provide important hydrological, biodiversity, livelihood and carbon storage functions. However, extensive areas in Southeast Asia have become degraded through logging, drainage, fire and agricultural/plantation use. This degradation has led to problems like increased flooding and fire risk. Rehabilitation faces significant ecological constraints like loss of seed sources and impaired hydrology. Social constraints include lack of support and conflicting land uses. Successful restoration may require addressing both short-term social and long-term ecological needs. Key questions for restoration include defining goals, understanding constraints, and identifying barriers and opportunities.
The document discusses climate change impacts and responses for the Philippines. It reviews the science showing human CO2 emissions are causing global warming. It then outlines many observed impacts of global warming globally and specific impacts projected for the Philippines, including sea level rise inundating large areas of land, increasing temperatures and changes to rainfall patterns affecting agriculture and more frequent/stronger typhoons. It argues the Philippines is highly vulnerable and responses must address local needs.
Similar to Wassmann - Adapted rice crops for a 2030 world (7)
The Accelerating Impact of CGIAR Climate Research for Africa (AICCRA) project works to deliver a climate-smart African future driven by science and innovation in agriculture.
AICCRA does this by enhancing access to climate information services and climate-smart agricultural technology to millions of smallholder farmers in Africa.
With better access to climate technology and advisory services—linked to information about effective response measures—farmers can better anticipate climate-related events and take preventative action that help communities better safeguard their livelihoods and the environment.
AICCRA is supported by a grant from the International Development Association (IDA) of the World Bank, which is used to enhance research and capacity-building activities by the CGIAR centers and initiatives as well as their partners in Africa.
About IDA: IDA helps the world’s poorest countries by providing grants and low to zero-interest loans for projects and programmes that boost economic growth, reduce poverty, and improve poor people’s lives.
IDA is one of the largest sources of assistance for the world’s 76 poorest countries, 39 of which are in Africa.
Annual IDA commitments have averaged about $21 billion over circa 2017-2020, with approximately 61 percent going to Africa.
This presentation was given on 27 October 2021 by Mengpin Ge, Global Climate Program Associate at WRI, during the webinar "Achieving NDC Ambition in Agriculture" organized by CCAFS, FAO and WRI.
Find the recording and more information here: https://bit.ly/AchievingNDCs
This presentation was given on 27 October 2021 by Sabrina Rose, Policy Consultant at CCAFS, during the webinar "Achieving NDC Ambition in Agriculture" organized by CCAFS, FAO and WRI.
Find the recording and more information here: https://bit.ly/AchievingNDCs
This presentation was given on 27 October 2021 by Krystal Crumpler, Climate Change and Agricultural Specialist at FAO, during the webinar "Achieving NDC Ambition in Agriculture" organized by CCAFS, FAO and WRI.
Find the recording and more information here: https://bit.ly/AchievingNDCs
This presentation was meant to be included in the 2021 CLIFF-GRADS Welcome Webinar and presented by Ciniro Costa Jr. (CCAFS).
The webinar recording can be found here: https://youtu.be/UoX6aoC4fhQ
The multilevel CSA monitoring set of standard core uptake and outcome indicators + expanded indicators linked to a rapid and reliable ICT based data collection instrument to systematically
assess and monitor:
- CSA Adoption/ Access to CIS
- CSA effects on food security and livelihoods household level)
- CSA effects on farm performance
The document discusses plant-based proteins as a potential substitute for animal-based proteins. It notes that plant-based proteins are growing in popularity due to environmental and ethical concerns with animal agriculture. However, plant-based meats also present some health and nutritional challenges compared to animal proteins. The document analyzes opportunities and impacts related to plant-based proteins across Asia, including leveraging the region's soy and pea production and tailoring products to Asian diets and cultural preferences.
Presented by Ciniro Costa Jr., CCAFS, on 28 June 2021 at the Asian Development Bank (ADB) Webinar on Sustainable Protein Case Study: Outputs and Synthesis of Results.
Presented by Marion de Vries, Wageningen Livestock Research at Wageningen University, on 28 June 2021 at the Asian Development Bank (ADB) Webinar on Sustainable Protein Case Study: Outputs and Synthesis of Results.
This document assesses the environmental sustainability of plant-based meats and pork in China. It finds that doubling food production while reducing agricultural greenhouse gas emissions by 73% by 2050 will be a major challenge. It compares the life cycle impacts of plant-based meats made from soy, pea, and wheat proteins and oils, as well as pork and beef. The results show that the crop type and source country of the core protein ingredient drives the environmental performance of plant-based meats. The document provides sustainability guidelines for sourcing ingredients from regions with low deforestation risk and irrigation needs, using renewable energy in production, and avoiding coal power.
This document summarizes a case study on the dairy value chain in China. It finds that milk production and consumption have significantly increased in China from 1978 to 2018. Large-scale dairy farms now dominate production. The study evaluates greenhouse gas emissions from different stages and finds feed production is a major contributor. It models options to reduce the carbon footprint, finding improving feed practices and yield have high potential. Land use is also assessed, with soybean meal requiring significant land. Recommendations include changing feeds to lower land and carbon impacts.
This document summarizes information on the impacts of livestock production globally and in Asia. It finds that livestock occupies one third of global cropland and one quarter of ice-free land for pastures. Asia accounts for 32% of global enteric greenhouse gas emissions from livestock, with most emissions coming from India, China, Pakistan, and Bangladesh. Rapid growth of livestock production in Asia is contributing to water and air pollution through nutrient runoff and emissions. The document discusses opportunities for public and private investment in more sustainable and climate-friendly livestock systems through technologies, monitoring, plant-based alternatives, and policies to guide intensification.
Presentation by Han Soethoudt, Jan Broeze, and Heike Axmann of Wageningen University & Resaearch (WUR).
WUR and Olam Rice Nigeria conducted a controlled experiment in Nigeria in which mechanized rice harvesting and threshing were introduced on smallholder farms. The result of the study shows that mechanization considerably reduces losses, has a positive impact on farmers’ income, and the climate.
Learn more: https://www.wur.nl/en/news-wur/show-day/Mechanization-helps-Nigerian-farms-reduce-food-loss-and-increase-income.htm
Presentation on the rapid evidence review findings and key take away messages.
Current evidence for biodiversity and agriculture to achieve and bridging gaps in research and investment to reach multiple global goals.
The document evaluates how climate services provided to farmers in Rwanda through programs like Participatory Integrated Climate Services for Agriculture (PICSA) and Radio Listeners’ Clubs (RLC) have impacted women and men differently, finding that the programs have increased women's climate knowledge and participation in agricultural decision making, leading to perceived benefits like higher incomes, food security, and ability to cope with climate risks for both women and men farmers.
This document provides an introduction to climate-smart agriculture (CSA) in Busia County, Kenya. It defines CSA and its three objectives of sustainably increasing agricultural productivity and income, adapting and building resilience to climate change, and reducing and/or removing greenhouse gas emissions. It discusses CSA at the farm and landscape scales and provides examples of CSA practices and projects in Kenya. It also outlines Kenya's response to CSA through policies and programs. The document describes prioritizing CSA options through identifying the local context, available options, relevant outcomes, evaluating evidence on options' impacts, and choosing best-bet options based on the analysis.
1) The document outlines an action plan to scale research outputs from the EC LEDS project in Vietnam. It identifies key activities to update livestock feed databases and software, improve feeding management practices, develop policies around carbon tracking and subsidies, and raise awareness of stakeholders.
2) The plan's main goals are to strengthen national feed resources, update the PC Dairy software, build greenhouse gas inventory systems, and adopt standards to reduce emissions in agriculture and the livestock industry.
3) Key stakeholders involved in implementing the plan include the Department of Livestock Production, universities, and ministries focused on agriculture and the environment.
2. The
Green
Revolu-on
in
Asia
1960s
• Yields
approx.
1.5
t/ha
• Famines
predicted,
slow
growth
Today
• Yields
approx.
4
t/ha
• Founda<on
for
economic
Modern
semi
–
Tradi-onal
rice:
more
growth
dwarf
variety:
grain
biomass
than
grain
not
biomass
5. Sensitivity to Heat Stress
LOW HIGH MEDIUM
Grain
Pollination
Panicle filling
development
Leaf, tiller and root
development
6. Spikelet sterility induced by high
temperature at flowering
Temp. threshold
depends on
humidity (ca.
34-35ºC in humid
tropics).
Sterility
increases by 16%
with a 1ºC
increase above
Temp. threshold
12. New Sub1 lines after 17 days
submergence in field at IRRI
IR64-Sub1
Samba-Sub1 IR49830 (Sub1)
Samba IR64 Samba
IR42 IR42 IR49830 (Sub1)
IR64 IR49830 (Sub1) IR64
IR64-Sub1
Samba IR64-Sub1
Samba-Sub1
IR42
IR42
IR49830 (Sub1) IR64-Sub1
IR49830 (Sub1)
Samba
Samba-Sub1
IR64
13. Frequency of Tropical Cyclones
Typhoons
Hurricanes
Cyclones
Cyclones
UNEP/GRID-Arendal Maps and Graphics Library, 2005
<http://maps.grida.no/go/graphic/tropical-cyclone-frequency>
14. Tropical Cyclones
and Climate Change
Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change
(2007):
• As of now, ‘there is no clear trend in the annual
numbers of tropical cyclones’.
• Under ongoing global warming, however, ‘it is
likely that future tropical cyclones will become
more intense, with larger peak wind speeds and
more heavy precipitation…’.
15. Impact of Cyclone Nargis
in Myanmar (May 2008)
Before Nargis
After Nargis
16. Typhoon Effects in Philippines vs. Myanmar
Xangsane (Sep. 06)
> 150 km/h wind speed: 1022 km
Track over land
> 180 km/h wind speed: 365 km
Standing rice crop: 33,000 ha
Area affected
Salinity intrusion: ?
Nargis (May 08)
> 150 km/h wind speed: 348 km
Track over land
> 180 km/h wind speed: 55 km
Standing rice crop: 16,000 ha
Area affected
Salinity intrusion: 1,750,000 ha*
* http://www.pecad.fas.usda.gov/highlights/2008/05/Burma_Cyclone_Nargis_Rice_Impact
20. Diversity of rice gene
and rice growing
environments
Origin
Distribution
21. Conclusion
Adaptation:
Rice systems have
to become more
resilient
to…
• Drought
• Submergence
• Salinity
• Heat waves
Challenges of Adaptation =
Challenges in unfavorable environments