This document provides details about the Giridih Open Cast coal mining project operated by Central Coalfields Limited in Jharkhand, India. It includes an overview of the company, site-specific production targets and equipment. The mine utilizes shovel and dumper combinations to extract 2.5 lakh tonnes of coal per year from the Jatkuti seam. Equipment on site includes shovels, dump trucks, dozers, drills and water sprinklers. Statutory requirements for open cast mining as well as details on benches, spoil banks and dumps are also outlined. Maps show the layout of the mining area and additional information provides the stripping ratio, pit slopes and equipment dimensions.

1. 1
CENTRAL COALFEALDS LIMITED
GIRIDIH OPEN CAST PROJECT
GIRIDIH, JHARKHAND
A Project Report Submitted
For the partial fulfillment of the requirements for the award of
DIPLOMA
IN
MINING
SUBMITTED BY-
Saroj Kumar Bhakat (session 2015-18)
Regd. No = 15801140080
Khandoli Institute of technology
(AT Dighariakala, PO Motileda, Giridih, Jharkhand)

2. 2
Training period- 27/02/18 to 26/03/18
(From Collage)
This is to certify that this project report
“VOCATIONAL TRAINING REPORT OF GIRIDIH
OPENCAST PROJECT (C.C.L) is a bonafide
work of “SAROJ KUMAR BHAKAT” (Regd.-
15801140080) who carried out authentic
project work under supervision and guidance of
guide. This is to further certify to the best of
my knowledge that this project has not been
carried out earlier in this collage.
……………… …………………. …………………
Asst. Prof. H.O.D Mining PRINCIPAL

3. 3
Sl.NO DESCRIPTION PAGE NO.
1 Acknowledgement 4
2 Intr. to company 5to 8
3 Working Areas 8
4 Mine at a glance 9
5 Statutory requirments 10
6 Spoil bank and dump 11
7 Plan of mine 12
8 Additional details of mine 13
9 Mining M/c
10 BH60M
11 Dozer 18-25
12 Payloader 26-32
13 Shovel 33-36
14 Water sprinkler 37-38
15 Drilling M/c 39-41
16 Explosives 42-43
17 Drilling bits 44-46
18 Blasting Parameters 46-47
14-16

4. 4
This training in itself is an acknowledged to the inspiration, drive,
technical assistance contributed to it by many individuals. This training
work would have never been completed without the guidance and
assistance that I received from time to time during the whole training
process.
It is my great pleasure to place a record of sincere thanks and gratitude
to Sri. A.K. Singh(G.M. HRD), Sri.R.V. Singh(Area G.M.), Sri. K.K. Panda
(P.O. Giridih Project), Sri.A.K Paswan (Mines manager), Sri.Akram k
Khan(safety officer), Sri. Brijesh Kumar( Colloiery Engineer , Mines)
and of Giridih opencast project, CCL (Ranchi).
I express my sincere gratitude and ineptness to Assist. Prof Md. Ashim
(Academics) and my internal guide Prof.V.Kumar(H.O.D. Mining
Engineering Department) & Mr. Rajesh Ranjan (Principal), Khandoli
Institute of technology,Giridih for giving me an opportunity to
enhance my skill in the field of Mining Technology.

5. 5
INTRODUCTION TO THE COMPANY
Operative areas have been denoted by symbol.
Central Coalfields Limited - The Historical March
Central Coalfields Limited is a Category-I Mini-Ratna Company since October 2007. During
2009-10, coal production of the company reached its highest-ever figure of 47.08 million tones,
with net worth amounting to Rs.2644 crore against a paid-up capital of Rs.940 crore.
Formed on 1st November 1975, CCL (formerly National Coal Development Corporation Ltd) was
one of the five subsidiaries of Coal India Ltd. which was the first holding company for coal in the
country (CIL now has 8 subsidiaries).
Early History - Formation of NCDC (Pre-nationalisation)
CCL had a proud past. As NCDC, it heralded the beginning of nationalization of coal mines in
India.
National Coal Development Corporation Ltd. (NCDC) was set up in October, 1956 as
Government-owned Company in pursuance of the Industrial Policy Resolutions of 1948 and

6. 6
1956 of the Government of India. It was started with a nucleus of 11 old state collieries (owned
by the Railways) having a total annual production of 2.9 million tonnes of coal.
Until the formation of NCDC, coal mining in India was largely confined to the Raniganj coal belt
in West Bengal and the Jharia coalfields in Bihar (now in Jharkhand), besides a few other areas
in Bihar (now in Jharkhand) and a part of Madhya Pradesh (now Chattishgarh also) and Orissa.
From its very beginning, NCDC addressed itself to the task of increasing coal production and
developing new coal resources in the outlying areas, besides introducing modern and scientific
techniques of coal mining.
In the Second Five Year Plan (1956-1961) NCDC was called upon to increase its production from
new collieries, to be opened mainly in areas away from the already developed Raniganj and
Jharia coalfields. Eight new collieries were opened during this period and the production
increased to 8.05 million tonnes by the end of Second Plan.
During Third Five Year Plan (1961-1966), though the Corporation had built up a much larger
production capacity, it could not be utilized due to a sluggish domestic coal market. Production
had, therefore, to be pegged down and the development of several collieries undertaken from
the early part of the Plan period, had to be suspended. By this time, the contribution of NCDC
to the nation's coal production (67.72 million tones) increased to around 9.6 million tonnes.
With gradual rise in the demand of coal due to commissioning of new power plants and
development of other coal-based industries during Fourth Five Year Plan (1969-1974), NCDC's
production increased to 15.55 million tonnes by the terminal year of Fourth Five Year Plan, i.e.,
1973-74.
Fig. Shovel loading a bottom discharge
dumper in an opencast mine in 1977-78
Fig. Shovel loading a rear discharge
dumper in an opencast mine 2017-18
NCDC played a pioneering role in India's coal industry by introducing large-scale mechanization
and modern and scientific methods of coal mining for promoting conservation of high grades of
coal and exploiting deep coking coal seams necessitating heavy capital investment and
sophisticated technical skill. NCDC went in for foreign collaboration with countries such as
Poland and the USSR besides limited collaboration with Japan, West Germany and France.

7. 7
NCDC's role can be truly assessed by its contribution towards growth of new coal resources in,
what are known as, the outlying areas. The opening of new mines in Madhya Pradesh, Orissa
and Maharashtra brought about a significant change in these regions by creating new
opportunities of industrialization and employment. Development of the Singrauli coalfields has
brought coal almost to the door steps of northern India.
With the development and application of improved mining techniques, emphasis on planning,
design and research; introduction of modern mine management systems and an enlightened
industrial relations policy, NCDC was able to provide the infrastructure for the total
nationalization of coal industry in the country.
Nationalization of Coal Mines
A major event in the history of Indian coal industry during the Fourth Plan Period (1969-74) was
the nationalisation of the erstwhile privately owned coal mines in two phases. In the first
phase, the management of coking coal mines was taken over by the Government of India on
17th
Oct. 1971 and nationalization was effective from 5th January 1972. A state owned
company, Bharat Coking Coal Ltd. was formed for managing coking coal mines. For convenience
of management, BCCL collieries in the East Bokaro coalfields in Bihar (now Jharkhand) were
transferred to NCDC, and its projects in Central Jharia region viz., Sudamdih and Moonidih deep
shaft mines were handed over, in stages to BCCL.
In the second phase of nationalisation, the management of non-coking coal mines in the
country, excepting the captive coal mines of the two steel plants, viz., TISCO and IISCO, was
taken over by the Government on 31st
January 1973. These mines were subsequently
nationalized with effect from 1st
May 1973 and another state-owned company, Coal Mines
Authority Ltd. (CMAL) came into being with headquarters at Calcutta (now Kolkata) to manage
and develop NCDC collieries and other newly nationalized units. NCDC itself, in this process,
became a division of CMAL which owned 36 collieries under commercial production in Bihar,
Orissa, Madhya Pradesh and Maharashtra, besides four coal washeries, one by-product coke
oven plant, two large central workshops and manpower of about 71,000.
The formation of CMAL witnessed regrouping of the coal mines into three divisions, namely,
Western, Central and Eastern. The regrouping had to be done for the convenience of
management, keeping in view the geographical location of the collieries.
► As a result, NCDC units located in the States of Maharashtra and Madhya Pradesh, with the
exception of Singrauli Coalfields, became a part of the Western Division.
► The Central Division consisted of all the old collieries of NCDC in Orissa and Bihar (except
Sudamdih and Moonidih which had been handed over to BCCL) and those acquired by CMAL

8. 8
after take-over in Giridih, East Bokaro, West Bokaro, South Karanpura, North Karanpura, Hutar
& Daltonganj Coalfields in Bihar. The Central Division consisted of 64 collieries, four coal
washeries, one by-product coke oven plat, on bee-hive coke plant and one central workshop
having a manpower of 1,11,500.
Formation of CCL
The CMAL, with its three divisions continued upto 1st
November 1975 when it was renamed as
Coal India Limited (CIL) following the decision of Govt. of India to restructure the coal industry.
The Central Division of CMAL came to be known as Central Coalfields Limited and became a
separate company with the status of a subsidiary of CIL, which became the holding company.
Number of Mines 62 Operative Mines (22 Underground & 40 Opencast Mines)
Washeries
7 Washeries
5 Coking Coal Washeries (Kathara, Rajrappa, Kedla & Sawang, Kargali)
2 Non-Coking Coal Washeries (Piparwar & Giddi)
Repair/Workshops
1 Central Workshop (ISO 9001) at Barkakana
5 Regional Repair/Workshops (3 w/s are ISO 9001) at Jarandih, Tapin
North, Dakra, Giridih & Bhurkunda
Operating Coalfields
7 Coalfields (East Bokaro, West Bokaro, North Karanpura, South
Karanpura, Ramgarh, Giridih & Hutar)
Geological Coal Reserves in CCL Command Area up to 300m & above depth (as on 01.04.2015)
Mining Methods
Opencast
Generally opencast mine of the company employs operating method with Shovel and Dumper
combination for mining.

9. 9
YEARLY TARGET = 2.5 lakh MT.
MONTHLY TARGET = 20,840 MT (AVERAGE).
DAILY TARGET= 802 MT.
SHIFT TARGET = 207 MT.
O/B handeling = 630 ( O/b Removal according to S.R.).
• M/ c population of Giridih Open cast project.
• Total Manpower of Giridih O.C.P ( Total =300 ):-
CATEGORY Nos.
Worker 280
M.S 6
O.M 5
Assist. Manager 8
M.Manager 1
Type Make & model Capacity Nos.
EKG (5 cum). 5 cum 1
Tata Hitachi 3.8 cum 1
Dumpher BH 60 M 54,500 kg 4
BD 335 1
SD32W 1
IDM 70 1
Rota coal IDM 30 1
ICM 260 1
Water Sprinkler WS 28-2 1
155 ZV 6.1 cum 1
Cat. 2021 5.5 cum 1
Total 14
Shovel
Dozer
Drilling
Pay Loader

10. 10
• Statutory Requirements (As per new regulation 2017).
Mechanised opencast working (Reg. 106).
In all opencast working precautions specified in sub regulation 2 and 6
shall be observed.
Before starting a open cast working the owner and agent shall ensure
that the mine, including its method of working, ultimate pit slope angle,
dump slope and monitoring of slope stability has been planned, designed
and worked as determined by a scientific study and a copy of report of
such study has been kept available in mine office.
The owner, agent & manager of every open cast mine shall ensure that
the recommendation made in the report made according to the above
mentioned sub-regulation are complied with.
The height of the benches in overburden consists of alluvial soil,
morum, gravel, clay and debris and other similar ground shall not exceed
3 m and the width shall not be less than three times the height of
benches
.
The height of the benches in coal and overburden of rock formation
other than mentioned in sub-reg(4) shall not be more than the digging
height of the excavation machine used for digging and the width shall
not be less than :-
The width if the widest machine plying on the bench plus 2
m.
If dumpers ply on bench, three times the width of dumper.
The height of the bench.
Among the three given below whichever is more.
The C.I.M of in writing grant any permission regarding the height, width &
slope of working in writing the mentioned items shall be followed.

11. 11
Spoil-banks and dumps:-
While removing O/b, the top soil shall be stacked at a separate place, so
that, the same can be used to cover the reclaimed area.
The slope of spoil-banks shall be determined by normal angle of repose
and in no case shall exceed 37.5 degrees from the horizontal.
(In case a steeper spoil-bank can be maintained but after studies from an
expertise organization or institution that to with permission in writing of
the R.I.M).
Loose O/b and other such material from opencast working or other rejects
from washeries or from other sources shall be dumped in such a manner
that there is no possibility of dump area sliding.
Any spoil- bank exceeding 30 m in height shall be so benched that no
bench shall exceed 30 in height and the overall slope of the spoil-bank
shall not exceed 1 vertical to 1.5 horizontal.
The toe of spoil bank at no point extended to any point within 100m in
opening, railway or any other public work, public road or building or any
other permanent structure not belonging to the owner.
A suitable fence shall be erected any railway or any public property or any
other property not belonging to owner and the toe of the spoil-bank shall
be so that no unautorised person from approaching the spoil- bank.

12. 12
PLAN OF MINE (SOURCE GOOGLE MAPS)PLAN OF MINE (SOURCE GOOGLE MAPS)

13. 13
• ADDITIONAL DETAILS OF THE MINE:-
TOTAL NO OF SEAMS PRESENT- 4.
Name Being worked Grade
Jatkuti seam out sorcing G-9
Balihill seam Departmental G-10
Khandiha not worked …..
Kharhar bari not worked …..
Grade of Coal
Gross Calorific Value
(GCV) in K. Cal/Kg
Price for Power
Utilities (Kcal/Kg)
Price for Other
Than Power Utilities
(Rs./Tonnes)
Difference
(Rs./Tonnes)
% age
variati
on
1 2 3 4 5=4-3
6=5/3*
100
G9 4601 to 4900 1100 1320 220 20
G10 4301 to 4600 980 1180 200 20
Stripping ratio: - 1: 2.16 / due to rehandeling- 1: 3.
i.e. for each tonne production of coal 2.16 .
Pit slope angle: - ∗
.(coal)
35∗
. (O/b)
Maximum height of bench :- Boom reach of the excavation mc
Rope shovel= 10.5 m.
Back hoe = 5 m.

14. 14
Mining Machinery :-
Photo of a rear dump truck (BH60M).
Fig:- All dimensions are in mm .

15. 15
Fig : - All dimensions are in mm.
Make BEML
Model BSA6D170A-1
Type
Diesel, 4 stroke, twin
turbocharged and after
cooled,direct injection
water cooled
Fly wheel pawer
485 kw(650 hp) @ 2100
rpm
Maximum torque
2863 Nm( 292 Kg-m) @
1400 rpm
Cylinders 6 incline
Bore & stroke Ø170 *170
Displacement 23.15 L
Alternator 24v, 100A
Starting motor 7.5kW x 2 nos
Battery 2 x 12v, 200Ah
ELECTRICALS

16. 16
Transmission: -
Maximum Speed
Braking system
o Front -
o Rear – Oil
o Automatic emergency brake system.
o Manual emergency braking system.
o Parking brake.
o Dynamic retarder.
o Wheel brake lock.
System refill capacity
- 6 forward and 2 reverse speed transmissio
Speed: - 56.73 km/h.
Braking system :-
Hydraulic actuated Rockwell caliper disc
Braking surface =2,632 .
Oil – cooled hydraulically actuated multiple disc
Brakes provide both service and dynamic retarding
sealed for protection.
Braking surface = 58,193 .
Automatic emergency brake system.
Manual emergency braking system.
Parking brake.
Dynamic retarder.
Wheel brake lock.
System refill capacity :-
forward and 2 reverse speed transmission.
well caliper disc
cooled hydraulically actuated multiple disc
Brakes provide both service and dynamic retarding

17. 17
Body type: - Rock type body of V-shaped.
Mass:-
Body Hoist:-

18. 18
• DOZER :-
Photo of a dozer BEML BD355
Fig:- All dimensions are in mm.

19. 19
Fig:- All dimensions are in mm.
Make BEML
Model BS6D170-1
Type
Diesel, 4 stroke,
turbocharged,direct
injection water cooled
Fly wheel pawer
310 kw(416 hp) @ 2000
rpm
Maximum torque
1780 Nm( 181.5 Kg-m) @
1400 rpm
Cylinders 6 incline
Bore & stroke Ø170 *170
Displacement 23.15 L
Alternator 24v, 100A/140A
Starting motor 9 kW 24 V
Battery 2 x 12v, 200Ah
ELECTRICALS

20. 20
Under CRRAGE :-
Mass :-

21. 21
Dozer Attachments :-
Refill Capacity :-

22. 22

23. 23
Santui Dozer (SD32W) :-
Photo of Dozer SW32W
All Dimensions are in mm.

24. 24
Power transmission system
Travel Speed :-
Rated revolution(rpm)
Maximum torque
Rated power(kW)
Bore & stroke
Displacement
Cylinder
Min. fuel consumption(g/kw.h)
Make & Type
Power transmission system:-
Rated revolution(rpm) 2000 rpm
Maximum torque 1440/1400(N.m/rpm)
Rated power(kW) 235
Bore & stroke Ø139.7 *152.4
Displacement 14010 L
6
Min. fuel consumption(g/kw.h) 245
Make & Type
Cummins NTA855-C360S10;
in line, water cooled; 4-
cycle, over head valve
direct injection,
turbocharged diesel
1440/1400(N.m/rpm)
*152.4
Cummins NTA855-C360S10;
in line, water cooled; 4-
cycle, over head valve
direct injection,
turbocharged diesel

25. 25
Undercarriage System
Blade type :-
Undercarriage System :-

26. 26
Pay Loader:- Kawasaki 115 zv

27. 27

28. 28
Torque converter and transmission :-

29. 29
Brake system :-
Service Refill :-
Loading system :-

30. 30
Pay Loader :- HM2021
All dimensions are in mm

31. 31
ENGINE:-
Transmission :-

32. 32
Brakes :-

33. 33
Shovel: Excavating Equipment
Tata Hitachi Zaxis 650 H (3 cum).

34. 34
Under Carriage:-
Travel Device :-
Rated revolution(rpm) 2000 rpm
Maximum torque
1540 N.m(157 kgf.m) at
1500 rpm
Rated power(kW) 295 kW(400 PS) at 1800 rpm
Batteries 2 x 12 v, 170 AH
Displacement 15.681 L
Cylinder 6
Model & Type
Isuzu BB-6WG1X; 4 cyle
water-cooled, direct
injection, turbocharged

35. 35
Shovel :- E.K.G 5A
Main Bucket capacity 5.2 cum
Working weight 196 te
Hoist force 45 te
Croud force 20.5 te
Operating cycle 23 sec
Maximum digging height 10.5 m C
Maximum digging radius 14.4 m D
Digging radius at floor level 9.04 m E
Maximum dumping radius 12.65 m B
Maximum dumping height 6.7 m A
Maximum climbing angle 12 degree

36. 36
Individual D.C drives for main mechanism
Mech.( 3 D.C generator for each).
M.G set with 250 kW
Magnetic amplifier controller.
Electrical supply 3.3/6.6 kV
Dimension in meter.
D.C drives for main mechanism- hoist, crowed, swing/
generator for each).
M.G set with 250 kW Squirrel cage induction motor as prime
Magnetic amplifier controller.
Electrical supply 3.3/6.6 kV, 50 Hz.
hoist, crowed, swing/travel
as prime mover.

37. 37
Water sprinkler:- BEML WS28-2 ( Gross weight –fully loaded-53700 kg).
All dimensions in mm

38. 38
Water System
Make BEML
Model BSA6D140-1
Type
Diesel, 4 stroke, twin
turbocharged,direct
injection water cooled
Fly wheel pawer
280 kw(375 hp) @ 2100
rpm
Maximum torque
1627 Nm( 166 Kg-m) @
1400 rpm
Cylinders 6 incline
Bore & stroke Ø140 *165
Displacement 15.2 L
Alternator 24v, 54A
Starting motor 24 v DC, 7.5kW
Battery 2 x 12v, 200Ah
ELECTRICALS

39. 39
DRILLING MACHIENARY:-
ICM 260 (100 hole dia for secondary blasting)
SPECIFICATIONS :-

40. 40
IDM 70 (250 mm hole dia generally for O/B):-

41. 41
IDM 30 (150 mm hole dia generally for Coal face):-

42. 42
Explosive used:-
• SMS (site mixed slurry). M/s BDPL / IOCL.
• Packed slurry. M/s IDL.
Aquadyne( excellent water resistance):-
• Medium strength cap sensitive aluminized gelled slurry explosive
for use in large dia. holes as primer/booster.
• It effectively initiates booster sensitive explosive.
• Its excellent slumping char. ensures fast sinking in water filled drill
hole.
• It can be initiated either with a detonator or detonating cord.
Recommendation for use in soft to medium hard rocks.

43. 43
Energel ( excellent water resistant):-
• Low strength.
• Non- alluminised booster sensitive gelled slurry explosive.
• Gel consistency ensures fast sinking in water filled holes.
For initiation:-
Energel has to be primed with aquadine.
Of same dia. Or pentolite booster.
This is particularly for medium hard rock formation.
Application:-
Combination Ratio Application
Aquadine-Energel 20||80 For soft and medium hard starata
Specification:-
Properties Aquadine Energel
Sensetive
Sensetive to No 6
sterngth
detonator
detonating cord
Booster-
Sensetive
Density(g/cc) 1.2± 0.06 1.15± 0.05
Detonation velocity(m/sec) 4200± 400 3800± 400
Application
As booster in
medium hard
rocks
As column charge
in medium hard
rocks

44. 44
Packaging:-
Cart. Dia Cart. Weight No. of cart. Per case of
25 kg.
83 mm 2.78 kg 9
125 mm 6.25 kg 4
Drilling bits:-
A Threading G Gauge row
B Bit leg H Gauge row protection button
C Nozzle I Apex row
D Set bit J Cone
E Shirt-toil protection bit K Intermediate row
F Shirt toil hard faced H Cutting teeth (bottom)
Fig. Tricone Rock Roller Bit

45. 45
Tricone Rock Roller Bit:-
• For 250-150 mm dia drilling.
• Non reparable type bit wears out after 2500m drilling & it is to be
disposed off.
• Rotary drilling M/c combined with pneumatic & hydraulic system.
• The triculated cones are placed 120* to each other.
• Cutting tooth are mounted on both the bearing:-
On roller bearing.
Ball bearing.
• The bits are fitted with air blast nozzles.
Helps in directing the air blast coming from the drill rod
to the wall intersection.
Quicker and more efficient removal of cutting.
Air is so maintained that it cleans and cools the bit at
the same time.
Rotation speed varies from 60-120 rpm (steel toothed
bit).
50-80 rpm (Tungsten carbide toothed bit).
Button bit:-
• Cylindrical body.
Lager dia. head (top).
Spline shaped (stem).
• Head is chamber faced at sides.
• Vertical slots at the sides to provide passage for cutting to come
out.

46. 46
Fig. Button bits
• Rotation speed varies from 10 to 20 rpm.
• Bodies are made of alloy steel and are heat treated.
• Hole dia. Varies from 100mm to 210 mm.
Blasting parameters.

47. 47
Iniation system
Nonel- Non electric detonator.
TLD (trunk line delay). (Delay available – 17, 25, 42 ms).
DTH (dawn the hole). (Delay available- 350, 250, 175 ms).
• General usage of explosive in a hole for coal faces
50kg/hole.
• 6.25 kg each cartridge.
• So about in a bore hole of 6.5 to 7 m 8 cartridge.
• Alignment of explosive in a hole:-
1:3 = Primer: Ordinary.
I.e. if 1 primer is inserted in a hole it can initiate 3 non-
cap sensitive or booster sensitive explosive.
2 primers + 6 ordinary explosive in a hole.
Powder factor :-
•
/
= P.F.
• For coal = 7 T/kg.
• For O/B = 2.1 /kg.

48. 48
Sl.NO DESCRIPTION DATA FROM
1 Acknowledgement
2 Intr. to company
3 Working Areas
4 Mine at a glance
5 Statutory requirments
6 Spoil bank and dump
7 Plan of mine
Google
maps
8 Additional details of mine
Mine field
depart
9 Mining M/c
10 BH60M
11 Dozer
12 Payloader
13 Shovel
14 Water sprinkler
15 Drilling M/c
16 Explosives
17 Drilling bits
18 Blasting Parameters Field depart
From mine
and
available
CMR 2017
From mine
and
available
info. In
internet in
m/c site