Virtualization is a technique that allows sharing of physical resources among multiple customers and organizations. It does this by assigning logical names to physical storage and providing pointers to the physical resources on demand. Virtualization plays a fundamental role in cloud computing by efficiently delivering Infrastructure-as-a-Service solutions. It allows sharing of a single physical instance of a resource like a server, storage, or application among multiple users. This helps reduce costs for cloud providers through server consolidation and more efficient use of hardware resources. Some benefits of virtualization in cloud computing include better hardware utilization, increased availability of resources, easier disaster recovery, and energy savings.

1. DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE AND
ENGINEERING
By : Richa Saxena
Assistant Professor
CSE, MIT Moradabad

2. Virtualization in Cloud Computing
 Virtualization is the "creation of a virtual (rather
than actual) version of something, such as a server, a
desktop, a storage device, an operating system or
network resources".
 In other words, Virtualization is a technique, which
allows to share a single physical instance of a resource
or an application among multiple customers and
organizations. It does by assigning a logical name to a
physical storage and providing a pointer to that
physical resource when demanded.

3. Virtualization in Cloud Computing

4. Virtualization in Cloud Computing
 One of the main cost-effective, hardware-reducing, and energy-
saving techniques used by cloud providers is virtualization.
 Virtualization allows sharing a single physical instance of a
resource or an application among multiple customers and
organizations at one time.
 It does this by assigning a logical name to physical storage and
providing a pointer to that physical resource on demand.
 The term virtualization is often synonymous with hardware
virtualization, which plays a fundamental role in efficiently
delivering Infrastructure-as-a-Service (IaaS) solutions for cloud
computing.
 Moreover, virtualization technologies provide a virtual
environment for not only executing applications but also for
storage, memory, and networking.

5. Need of Virtualization and its
Reference Model
Figure: Major needs of Virtualization.

6. Need of Virtualization and its
Reference Model
1. ENHANCED PERFORMANCE-
Currently, the end user system i.e. PC is sufficiently powerful to fulfill all the basic
computation requirements of the user, with various additional capabilities which are
rarely used by the user. Most of their systems have sufficient resources which can host a
virtual machine manager and can perform a virtual machine with acceptable
performance so far.
2. LIMITED USE OF HARDWARE AND SOFTWARE RESOURCES-
The limited use of the resources leads to under-utilization of hardware and software
resources. As all the PCs of the user are sufficiently capable to fulfill their regular
computational needs that’s why many of their computers are used often which can be
used 24/7 continuously without any interruption. The efficiency of IT infrastructure
could be increase by using these resources after hours for other purposes. This
environment is possible to attain with the help of Virtualization.
3. SHORTAGE OF SPACE-
The regular requirement for additional capacity, whether memory storage or compute
power, leads data centers raise rapidly. Companies like Google, Microsoft and Amazon
develop their infrastructure by building data centers as per their needs. Mostly,
enterprises unable to pay to build any other data center to accommodate additional
resource capacity. This heads to the diffusion of a technique which is known as server
consolidation.

7. Need of Virtualization and its
Reference Model
4. ECO-FRIENDLY INITIATIVES-
At this time, corporations are actively seeking for various methods to minimize
their expenditures on power which is consumed by their systems. Data centers
are main power consumers and maintaining a data center operations needs a
continuous power supply as well as a good amount of energy is needed to keep
them cool for well-functioning. Therefore, server consolidation drops the
power consumed and cooling impact by having a fall in number of servers.
Virtualization can provide a sophisticated method of server consolidation.
5. ADMINISTRATIVE COSTS-
Furthermore, the rise in demand for capacity surplus, that convert into more
servers in a data center, accountable for a significant increase in administrative
costs. Hardware monitoring, server setup and updates, defective hardware
replacement, server resources monitoring, and backups are included in
common system administration tasks. These are personnel-intensive
operations. The administrative costs is increased as per the number of servers.
Virtualization decreases number of required servers for a given workload,
hence reduces the cost of administrative employees.

8. VIRTUALIZATION REFERENCE
MODEL
Figure: Reference Model of Virtualization.

9. VIRTUALIZATION REFERENCE
MODEL
Three major Components falls under this category in a virtualized environment:
 1. GUEST:
The guest represents the system component that interacts with the
virtualization layer rather than with the host, as would normally happen.
Guests usually consist of one or more virtual disk files, and a VM definition file.
Virtual Machines are centrally managed by a host application that sees and
manages each virtual machine as a different application.
 2. HOST:
The host represents the original environment where the guest is supposed to be
managed. Each guest runs on the host using shared resources donated to it by
the host. The operating system, works as the host and manages the physical
resource management, and the device support.
 3. VIRTUALIZATION LAYER:
The virtualization layer is responsible for recreating the same or a different
environment where the guest will operate. It is an additional abstraction layer
between a network and storage hardware, computing, and the application
running on it. Usually it helps to run a single operating system per machine
which can be very inflexible compared to the usage of virtualization.

10. How does virtualization work in
cloud computing?
 Virtualization plays a very important role in the cloud
computing technology, normally in the cloud computing, users
share the data present in the clouds like application etc, but
actually with the help of virtualization users shares the
Infrastructure.
 The main usage of Virtualization Technology is to provide
the applications with the standard versions to their cloud users,
suppose if the next version of that application is released, then
cloud provider has to provide the latest version to their cloud
users and practically it is possible because it is more expensive.
 To overcome this problem we use basically virtualization
technology, By using virtualization, all severs and the software
application which are required by other cloud providers are
maintained by the third party people, and the cloud providers
has to pay the money on monthly or annual basis.

11. How does virtualization work in
cloud computing?

12. How does virtualization work in
cloud computing?
 Mainly Virtualization means, running multiple
operating systems on a single machine but
sharing all the hardware resources. And it helps
us to provide the pool of IT resources so that we
can share these IT resources in order get benefits
in the business.

13. Pros and cons of Virtualization in
Cloud Computing
 Virtualization is the creation of Virtual Version of something such as server,
desktop, storage device, operating system etc.
 Thus, Virtualization is a technique which allows us to share a single physical
instance of a resource or an application among multiple customers and an
organization. Virtualization often creates many virtual resources from one
physical resource.
 Host Machine –
The machine on which virtual machine is going to create is known as Host
Machine.
 Guest Machine –
The virtual machines which are created on Host Machine is called Guest
Machine.
 Why Virtualization in Cloud Computing ?
Virtualization is very important concept in cloud computing. In cloud
computing, a cloud vendor who will provide cloud services have all physical
resources like server, storage device, network device etc. and these physical
services are rented by cloud vendors so that user’s will not worry about these
physical services.

14. Pros and cons of Virtualization in
Cloud Computing
 But it is very costly to provide physical services per customer on rent because firstly it becomes very
costly and also user’s will not use the fully services. So this problem can be solved by Virtualization. It
is very cool approach for not only efficient use of Physical services but also reduce costs of vendors.
Thus cloud vendor’s can vitalize their single big server and provide smaller spec server to multiple
customer’s.

15. Pros of Virtualization in Cloud
Computing
 Utilization of Hardware Efficiently –
With the help of Virtualization Hardware is Efficiently used by user as well as Cloud
Service Provider. In this the need of Physical Hardware System for the User is decreases
and this results in less costly.In Service Provider point of View, they will vitalize the
Hardware using Hardware Virtualization which decrease the Hardware requirement from
Vendor side which are provided to User is decreased. Before Virtualization, Companies
and organizations have to set up their own Server which require extra space for placing
them, engineer’s to check its performance and require extra hardware cost but with the
help of Virtualization the all these limitations are removed by Cloud vendor’s who
provide Physical Services without setting up any Physical Hardware system.
 Availability increases with Virtualization –
One of the main benefit of Virtualization is that it provides advance features which allow
virtual instances to be available all the times. It also has capability to move virtual
instance from one virtual Server another Server which is very tedious and risky task in
Server Based System. During migration of Data from one server to another it ensures its
safety. Also, we can access information from any location and any time from any device.
 Disaster Recovery is efficient and easy –
With the help of virtualization Data Recovery, Backup, Duplication becomes very easy. In
traditional method , if somehow due to some disaster if Server system Damaged then the
surety of Data Recovery is very less. But with the tools of Virtualization real time data
backup recovery and mirroring become easy task and provide surety of zero percent data
loss.

16. Pros of Virtualization in Cloud
Computing
 Virtualization saves Energy –
Virtualization will help to save Energy because while moving from physical
Servers to Virtual Server’s, the number of Server’s decreases due to this
monthly power and cooling cost decreases which will Save Money as well. As
cooling cost reduces it means carbon production by devices also decreases
which results in Fresh and pollution free environment.
 Quick and Easy Set up –
In traditional methods Setting up physical system and servers are very time-
consuming. Firstly Purchase them in bulk after that wait for shipment. When
Shipment is done then wait for Setting up and after that again spend time in
installing required software etc. Which will consume very time. But with the
help of virtualization the entire process is done in very less time which results
in productive setup.
 Cloud Migration becomes easy –
Most of the companies those who already have spent a lot in the server have a
doubt of Shifting to Cloud. But it is more cost-effective to shift to cloud
services because all the data that is present in their server’s can be easily
migrated into the cloud server and save something from maintenance charge,
power consumption, cooling cost, cost to Server Maintenance Engineer etc.

17. Cons of Virtualization
 Data can be at Risk –

Working on virtual instances on shared resources means that our data is hosted
on third party resource which put’s our data in vulnerable condition. Any
hacker can attack on our data or try to perform unauthorized access. Without
Security solution our data is in threaten situation.
 Learning New Infrastructure –
As Organization shifted from Servers to Cloud. They required skilled staff who
can work with cloud easily. Either they hire new IT staff with relevant skill or
provide training on that skill which increase the cost of company.
 High Initial Investment –
It is true that Virtualization will reduce the cost of companies but also it is
truth that Cloud have high initial investment. It provides numerous services
which are not required and when unskilled organization will try to set up in
cloud they purchase unnecessary services which are not even required to them.

18. THANK YOU