Virtualization plays a key role in cloud computing by allowing for the efficient sharing of hardware resources. It allows a single physical machine to run multiple virtual machines, maximizing resource utilization. Common forms of virtualization include server, storage, network, desktop, and memory virtualization. A hypervisor manages virtual machines and provides an abstraction layer between hardware and software. Virtualization provides benefits like cost effectiveness, flexibility, and isolation of applications and operating systems. It is an important technology enabling cloud computing services.

1. JOURNAL OF COMPUTER SCIENCE
Virtualization in Cloud
Computing
Dept of Computer Science and Engineering
Priti Banya Mohanty
9/25/2016
Abstract: Cloudcomputinginthese daysare the hottestareafor research.Whenwe talkabout
cloudcomputingtechnologyandthe characteristicslikehighavailabilityorpoorresourcesor even
we talkabout differentinstancesincloudcomputing.The virtualizationtechnology( server,network,
storage) isnot a newconceptinhardware and software development.Itmainlyusedtomaintainthe
IT resourceswhichare usedbycloud providers.

2. Keywords:- Virtualization,Hypervisor,Effectiveness, VMM, why
virtualization,cloudcomputing
1.Introduction to Virtualization:-
virtualization is a technique which allows anybody to share a single thing among
many people or one can say it's a combine a smaller resources to form a single huge
resource. eg: Super computers. Virtualization plays a vital role in IT(information technology)
sectors.
Or in normal form ,virtualization is the creation of virtual(rather than actual) instance of
something. It may be OS, a Server, a Storage device or a network. In Virtualization human
being has to interact with a HYPERVISOR to create a virtual machine. The most common
form of Virtualization include Server Virtualization, desktop virtualization, virtual network ,
virtual storage .
Hypervisor
In Virtualization technology, there is one piece of software that allows the physical servers
can have multiple instances of virtual machine and it is calls as Hypervisor. It runs a virtual
machine or we can say it is a VMM(virtual machine monitor).It is a s/w which manages the
virtual machine .There are 2 types of virtualization. 1."Bare metal Hypervisor"
2."Hosted Hosted Hypervisor"
Hypervisor is needed to get a connection between virtual part and physical part which is
very important in cloud computing enviroment .
2.Why we need Virtualization and effectiveness:-
As we know there are a lot of servers all over the world. And we are connected to the
different types of server depending on our request. Means different workloads, user
activities and other key factors determine which server is used. Anyone can ask this why we
need Virtualization although we have servers. Well the advantages are: 1.cost
effective 2.Enviroment Friendly 3.less power consume
Here the question is, " are virtualization and cloud computing same?" The answer is "NO".
The virtualization is the ace of layers the cloud computing architecture, but it has a major
role in most of the ability of Cloud Systems. Virtualization is the one of the technology that
given the ability to create the abstraction of new technology. Types of h/w Virtualization:-
1.Full Virtualization 2.Para Virtualization 3.Emulation
3.Storage Virtualization

3. In data Centres the storage of data is little different. The physical storage are not directly
connected to servers. One of the most popular protocol used for storage virtualization is
Storage area network(SAN) and network attached storage(NAS). The protocol allow block
storage to be accessible over the network by using the TCP/IP protocol.
4.Memory Virtualization
In Virtualization concept we also have Virtual memory environment. Memory Virtualization
allow networked and therefore distributed , servers to share a pool of memory to overcome
physical memory limitations. It allows applications on multiple servers to share data without
replication and decreasing total memory.
5.Network Virtualization
It involves platform virtualization. Network virtualization is divided in to 1.external
virtualization 2.internal Virtualization. 1. combing many networks or parts of networks in
to a single virtual unit 2. providing network like functionality to software containers on a
single network server. like VMware, Critix, Red Hat, Oracle, Amazon, Google companies
dominates the server Virtualization market.
6.Cloud Computing:-
Suppose in an institute or may be organisation all are having their own Server site or a
Server room where are the database server, router, Switch, Modem, firewall and other
connectors. To create such an infrastructure we require a lots of money and many more
things. So to overcome this Cloud computing means a lot. Cloud Computing simply means
storing and accessing the data over the internet. The popular cloud computing companies
are Fusionops, google,zerto,sumologic and etc .
Cloud computing is an internet based computing with the ability to share resources
(hardware, software, storage, network) on demand and dynamically. Hadoop is a distributed
computing platform i.e. used by companies to provide CLOUD COMPUTING service
Cloud computing Services/Models:-
1.Cloud Software as Service (SAAS) [End consumer]

4. 3.location independence
2.Cloud Platform as a Service (PAAS)
Advantages of cloud computing
1.cost effective 2.High speed 4.multisharing
7.Virtual Machine
"A virtual machine(VM) is an abstraction layer or the environment between the hardware
component and the end-user."
VM technology allows multiple virtual machine to run on a single physical machine. Hadoop
is a distributed computing platform i.e. used by companies to provide CLOUD COMPUTING
service. One benefit of Virtual Machine is the ability to several OS on the hardware based on
changing system characteristics. However such multiplexing can be done while observing
per VM performance guidance.
With the help of virtualization technology we can easily create different virtual machines
(not physically) and also can share resources between these machines.
A piece of software which is called as hypervisor acts like mini OS and can run any virtual
machine. Hypervisor is also called as a Virtual Machine Monitors(VMM). Xen is a VMM has
approximately 150,00 lines of code
8.Why Virtualization:-
 The need to run legacy applications is served well by virtual machines. This may be
difficult without virtualization applications are usually not written to co-exist within a
single execution environment (consider applications with hard-coded System V IPC
keys, as a trivial example).
 Virtual machines can be used to provide secure, isolated sandboxes for running
untrusted applications. Virtualization is an important concept in building secure
computing platforms.
 Virtual machines can provide the illusion of H/W. Virtualization can also be used to
simulate networks of independent computers.
 Virtual machines can be used to run multiple operating systems simultaneously:
different versions or even different OS like Windows, Linux, Unix etc
 Virtual machines allow for powerful debugging and performance monitoring.
 Virtual machines are great tools for research and academic experiments. Since they are
safer to work with.
 Virtualization can enable the operating systems to run on shared memory
multiprocessors.

5.  Virtualization can perform tasks such as system backup, and recovery easier and more
manageable.
 Virtualization can be an effective means of providing binary compatibility.
 Virtualization on commodity hardware has been popular in co-located hosting.
CONCLUSION:
In new computer technologywe cannot pushthe one concept back andhighlight the another. All concepts inthe computer
world are intertwined together. Without understanding the Virtualization we cannot understandthe cloud computing
concept. Andbyusingthis virtualizationtechnologyit leads to efficient usage of cloudcomputingenvironment. Also using
the cloud computing the complexityandcost of owningandoperatingcomputers and networks can be significantly
reduced.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT:
References
Server virtualizationandnetworkvirtualizationinCloud Computing-Venkateswar Rao Vedula and Vnkateswar rao
mandapati
International journalof advanced research inComputer science andmanagement studies-kamyabkhajehel,Iran
www.wikipedia.org
Virtualizationtechnologyincloudcomputingenviroment-krishna tej kanti
resource:-internet