Introduction of emerging viruses- معرفی ویروسهای جدیدAli Jalilian
This is a short illustrated introduction of emerging viruses in the world (translated to persian), based on chapter 21 of Virology book.
معرفی ویروسهای جدید و نوظهور و درواقع ترجمه ای از فصل 21 کتاب ویروس شناسی
Manufacturing Diagnostic Test Kits
Achieving ISO 13485, manufacturing under the license of international well-known companies and using the skills
and experiences of expert personnel, Bayerpaul provides the diagnostics kits listed below:
• Molecular (PCR & Real time PCR kits),
• Clinical Chemistry kits,
• Immunoassay (ELISA Kits)
• Rapid Diagnostic kits
Introduction of emerging viruses- معرفی ویروسهای جدیدAli Jalilian
This is a short illustrated introduction of emerging viruses in the world (translated to persian), based on chapter 21 of Virology book.
معرفی ویروسهای جدید و نوظهور و درواقع ترجمه ای از فصل 21 کتاب ویروس شناسی
Manufacturing Diagnostic Test Kits
Achieving ISO 13485, manufacturing under the license of international well-known companies and using the skills
and experiences of expert personnel, Bayerpaul provides the diagnostics kits listed below:
• Molecular (PCR & Real time PCR kits),
• Clinical Chemistry kits,
• Immunoassay (ELISA Kits)
• Rapid Diagnostic kits
Allelic Imbalance for Pre-capture Whole Exome SequencingDenis C. Bauer
Exome sequencing has emerged as an economical way of focusing DNA sequencing efforts on the most functionally understood regions of the genome. Pre-capture pooling, where one bait library is used to pull down the exonic regions of several pooled samples simultaneously is a further financial improvement.
However, rare alleles in the pool might not be able to attract baits at the same rate as reference conform sequences can, and may hence be underrepresented. We investigated this potential issue by sequencing a hapmap family (4 individuals) using the pre-capture protocol from Illumina and Nimblegen. We did not observe clear evidence that heterozygote variants are missed but noted a trend for indels to be imbalanced.
Our findings do not provide clear evidence to rule out allelic imbalance or bias having an impact on research findings, this may be especially critical for low cellular cancer tissue where rare alleles are more ubiquitous.
Whole Exome Sequencing (WES) is next-generation technology.Akash Jayswal
Whole Exome Sequencing (WES) is next-generation technology used for strategically sequencing the coding region of the genome, i.e. the exon. The exome, which is the total of all exons of an organism, represents only 1–2% of the total genome and is actually converted into proteins after translation.
Elizabeth Swisher, MD, gives an update on the research being performed by the Stand Up to Cancer Ovarian Cancer Dream Team, supported by the National Ovarian Cancer Coalition (NOCC), OCRF, and OCNA.
Prion Diseases ; An overview .........
Credit goes equally to Dr Siraj Uddin, M.V.Sc Scholar, IVRI and Dr. Gazanfar Abass, M.V.Sc. Scholar, VPH, IVRI.
For Further reference contact at gazanfar0966@gmail.com
Allelic Imbalance for Pre-capture Whole Exome SequencingDenis C. Bauer
Exome sequencing has emerged as an economical way of focusing DNA sequencing efforts on the most functionally understood regions of the genome. Pre-capture pooling, where one bait library is used to pull down the exonic regions of several pooled samples simultaneously is a further financial improvement.
However, rare alleles in the pool might not be able to attract baits at the same rate as reference conform sequences can, and may hence be underrepresented. We investigated this potential issue by sequencing a hapmap family (4 individuals) using the pre-capture protocol from Illumina and Nimblegen. We did not observe clear evidence that heterozygote variants are missed but noted a trend for indels to be imbalanced.
Our findings do not provide clear evidence to rule out allelic imbalance or bias having an impact on research findings, this may be especially critical for low cellular cancer tissue where rare alleles are more ubiquitous.
Whole Exome Sequencing (WES) is next-generation technology.Akash Jayswal
Whole Exome Sequencing (WES) is next-generation technology used for strategically sequencing the coding region of the genome, i.e. the exon. The exome, which is the total of all exons of an organism, represents only 1–2% of the total genome and is actually converted into proteins after translation.
Elizabeth Swisher, MD, gives an update on the research being performed by the Stand Up to Cancer Ovarian Cancer Dream Team, supported by the National Ovarian Cancer Coalition (NOCC), OCRF, and OCNA.
Prion Diseases ; An overview .........
Credit goes equally to Dr Siraj Uddin, M.V.Sc Scholar, IVRI and Dr. Gazanfar Abass, M.V.Sc. Scholar, VPH, IVRI.
For Further reference contact at gazanfar0966@gmail.com
Mechanisms to correct damaged DNA.
Replication errors that have escaped the proof-reading process.
Damage that may occur in non-replicating DNA
Mismatch repair
Excision repair
Recombination(post-replication) repair
S.O.S. repair
A bacteriophage (informally, phage) is a virus that infects and replicates within a bacterium. The term is derived from "bacteria" and the Greek (phagein), "to devour". Bacteriophages are composed of proteins that encapsulate a DNA or RNA genome, and may have relatively simple or elaborate structures. Their genomes may encode as few as four genes, and as many as hundreds of genes. Phages replicate within the bacterium following the injection of their genome into its cytoplasm. Bacteriophages are among the most common and diverse entities in the biosphere.
Phages are widely distributed in locations populated by bacterial hosts, such as soil or the intestines of animals. One of the densest natural sources for phages and other viruses is sea water, where up to 9×108 virions per milliliter have been found in microbial mats at the surface,] and up to 70% of marine bacteria may be infected by phages. They have been used for over 90 years as an alternative to antibiotics in the former Soviet Union and Central Europe, as well as in France. They are seen as a possible therapy against multi-drug-resistant strains of many bacteria (see phage therapy). Nevertheless, phages of Inoviridae have been shown to complicate biofilms involved in pneumonia and cystic fibrosis, shelter the bacteria from drugs meant to eradicate disease and promote persistent infection
An introduction to Rhabdoviridae.Rabies is a viral disease that causes acute inflammation of the brain in humans and other mammals. Early symptoms can include fever and tingling at the site of exposure. These symptoms are followed by one or more of the following symptoms: violent movements, uncontrolled excitement, fear of water, an inability to move parts of the body, confusion, and loss of consciousness. Once symptoms appear, the result is nearly always death. The time period between contracting the disease and the start of symptoms is usually one to three months; however, this time period can vary from less than one week to more than one year. The time is dependent on the distance the virus must travel to reach the central nervous system.
A introduction on Viral vaccine for medical students.Although most attenuated vaccines are viral, some are bacterial in nature. Examples include the viral diseases yellow fever, measles, rubella, and mumps, and the bacterial disease typhoid.
a double-stranded DNA virus : human herpesvirus-3 subfamily Alphaherpersvirinae
only one serotype is known
humans are the only reservoir
VZV enters the host through the nasopharyngeal mucosa, and almost invariably produces clinical disease in susceptible individuals
Following varicella, the virus persists in sensory nerve ganglia, from where it may later be reactivated to cause herpes zoster (Shingles)
It might be thought that viruses as a class represent the ultimate in parasitism.
Reliant as they are on their host cells to provide most of the machinery or replication.
The Parvoviruses, show a still further degree of dependence .