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This document discusses concepts related to solar radiation received on Earth. It defines the solar constant as the amount of incoming solar radiation at the top of the atmosphere, which is approximately 1350 W/m2 for Earth. It explains that albedo is the fraction of sunlight reflected by a planet and Earth's albedo is about 0.3, reflecting 30% of incoming solar radiation. Net radiation is defined as the difference between absorbed and emitted radiation, and an example is provided where net radiation at the surface is calculated to be 380 W/m2.
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Light travels in straight lines until encountering an object. It can be reflected, refracted, or absorbed when changing mediums. The human eye sees light in a similar way to a camera, using a lens to focus light rays onto a light-sensitive retina, which sends signals to the brain. Both the eye and camera capture light one frame at a time, but our perception of motion comes from successive frames. Photography and human vision have analogous principles and features in how they capture and process light.
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Chapter-1
Introduction to objective, scope and outcome the subject
Chapter 2
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Chapter 3
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Water Pollution: Water Quality standards, Introduction to Treatment & Disposal of Waste Water. Reuse and Saving of Water, Rain Water Harvesting. Solid Waste Management: Classification of Solid Waste, Collection, Transportation and Disposal of Solid. Recycling of Solid Waste: Energy Recovery, Sanitary Landfill, On-Site Sanitation. Air & Noise Pollution: Primary and Secondary air pollutants, Harmful effects of Air Pollution, Control of Air Pollution. . Noise Pollution Harmful Effects of noise pollution, control of noise pollution, Global warming & Climate Change, Ozone depletion, Greenhouse effect
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Vikash ppt
- 1. ALBEDO & NET RADIATION VIKASH 191101039 BECHLOR OF SCIENCE IN AGRICULTURE 2ND YEAR TO DR. ROHIT KUMAR , FASE, SGT UNIVERSITY
- 2. CONTENT • Solar constant • Albedo • Eaeth’s albedo • Solar radiation • Net radiation • Net radiation example
- 3. SOLAR CONSTANT The solar constant is the amount of the incoming solar radiation per unit area, measured on the outer surface of Earth’s atmosphere, in a plane perpendicular to the rays. • Solar Constant for earth S= 1350 W/m2
- 4. ALBEDO • Albedo is a fraction of sunlight which is reflected off a planet. • When an object reflects most of the light that hits it, it looks bright and it has a high Albedo. • When an object absorbs most of the light that hits it, it looks dark. Dark objects have low Albedo.
- 5. EARTH’S ALBEDO • The average albedo of the earth is about 0.30. • That means that about a third of the solar energy that gets the Earth is reflected out to space and about two thirds is absorbed.
- 6. SOLAR RADIATIONS • Solar radiation, often called the solar resource or just sunlight, is a general term for the electromagnetic radiation emitted by the sun. Solar radiation can be captured and turned into useful forms of energy, such as heat and electricity, using a variety of technologies.
- 7. NET RADIATION The net radiation is the difference between the radiant energy absorbed and the radiant energy emitted.
- 8. NET RADIATION EXAMPLE • From atmosphere 300 W/m2 From surface 600 W/m2 From sun 80 W/m2 Net Radiation 380 W/m2 at surface